韧性剪切过程中金沉淀富集的新机制

一般认为,金的沉淀是因为成矿热液在宏观上已达到金络合物失稳、分解的条件。笔者认为金在黄铁矿、毒砂等硫化物矿物中富集的原因,是这些矿物生长时造成了在其生长面附近的微区内会出现Ｅｈ值及（或）Ｓ＾２－、［ＡｓＳ］＾３－等浓度的局部降低,以致引起了金络合物在此微区内的失稳、分解,分解出来的金将就近附着在矿物的生长面上及随后被包围。成矿热液此时在宏观上不一定已达到金络合物的分解条件。韧性剪切过程中石英普遍会     

Impacts of Two Ice Parameterization Schemes on the Cloud Microphysical Processes and Precipitation of a Severe Storm in Northern China

A severe storm that occurred over Beijing in northern China on 23 June 2011 was simulated with two different ice crystal parameterization schemes(the DeMott scheme and Meyers scheme) by using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System. Compared with the DeMott scheme, the simulation results with the Meyers scheme have the following characteristics:(1) Updrafts are stronger and more numerous;(2) The cloud is better organized and contains a greater peak of ice-phase hydrometeor mixing ratios;(3) Cloud water and hail mixing ratios increase while graupel mixing ratios decrease;(4) The surface precipitation is initially greater. However, at the end of the simulation, less precipitation is produced. In short, the differences between the two schemes are not obvious, but the De Mott scheme has a relatively more reasonable result.     

Mosaic and gradient SiGe single crystals for gamma ray Laue lenses

Both Ge_1−x Si _x mosaic crystals and Si_1−x Ge _x crystals with gradient of composition could be grown using the modified Czochralski technique to produce the diffracting elements for the MAX gamma ray telescope. Although many elements cut from the mosaic crystal and used before for CLAIRE gamma ray telescope had an efficiency up to 20%, the overall efficiency of the lens was about 8.1 ± 0.7 %, which is more than twice lower than the theoretically predicted efficiency. Some causes of this behaviour are discussed. In addition to mosaic crystals, the growth of Si_1−x Ge _x crystals with a gradient of composition and their properties are analysed. Such composition-gradient crystals could be a promising way to improve the diffraction efficiency of Laue lens for MAX.     

The influencing factors and mechanisms of the electromagnetic radiation during rock fracture

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单轴向拉伸实验晶粒组构的变化

采用实验室制备的具有随机取向的细晶粒多晶冰 ,在温度为 - 3 .0± 0 .0 5℃、初始八面体剪应力为 0 .2 MPa和 0 .3 MPa下 ,对六个样品进行了单轴向拉伸实验。对应于八面体剪应力为0 .2 MPa的一次实验 ,最小应变率为 2 .6× 1 0 - 8s- 1;对应于八面体剪应力为 0 .3 MPa的其余五次实验 ,最小应变率平均值为 8.6× 1 0 - 8s- 1。六次实验最小应变率均出现在总八面体剪应变为1 .1～ 1 .6 %之间。晶粒 c轴组构随总应变增大向大环型发展 ,最终形成以组构平均半角趋于稳定在 6 5度左右的大环型组构 ,但在总八面体剪应变达 2 0 %之前 ,可能受组构图本身几何性质影响 ,组构平均半角随应变增加反而减小。对比压缩实验结果 ,拉伸实验最小应变率值与同等条件下压缩实验得到的最小应变率值一致 ,但最小应变率出现时对应的总应变稍大 ,c轴组构转变所需的总应变则更大。     

用面角公式标定锆石晶面符号初探

锆石晶体测量后,用面角公式计算相邻两晶面面角值来标定晶面符号是一个探索性的方法。锆石晶面符号这一测定方法的论证,也为不同成因的同种矿物对应面夹角的对比,提出了新的研究课题。     

具一维无公度调制的安康矿的晶体结构测定

安康矿是在陕西省安康石梯重晶石矿床中发现的一种新矿物。分子式近于Ba_(1·2)(Ti_(5·3)V_(2.8))_(8.1)O_(16),沿C轴具一维无公度调制结构,调制波向量为q=1/2.30C。安康矿的平均结构与锰钡矿是等结构。空间群为14/m,a=10.139(4);b=2.961(2),Z=1。平均结构的强度数据收集是在cAD-4衍射仪上进行的。R=0.039(535个独立的衍射点)。安康矿的超晶胞是将其亚晶胞加大14倍而获得的,空间群P4/m,a=10.126(4),c=41.41(2),Z=14。用RIGAKU的RASA-ⅡS型衍射仪收集了8696个独立的衍射点,其中包括主衍射点及卫星衍射点。对于2353个可观察点经结构修正后R因子为0.2157。在四方柱孔道中测得了Ba原子的占位及位移。测定表明安康矿属占位调制及位移调制的复合型无公度调制,而且沿c轴方向为方波调制。     

A Terrain-Following Crystal Grid Finite Volume Ocean Circulation Model

A three dimensional hydrostatic finite volume ocean model has been developed to solve the integral dynamical equations. Since the basic (integral) equations are solved for finite volumes rather than grid points, the flux conservation is easily enforced, even on arbitrary meshes. Both upwind and high-order combined compact schemes can be incorporated into the model to increase computational stability and accuracy. This model uses a highly distorted grid system near the boundary. The lateral boundaries of each finite volume are perpendicular to x and y axes and the two vertical boundaries are not purely horizontal. Four types of finite volumes are designed to follow the terrain with four (Type-A), three (Type-B), two (Type-C), and one (Type-D) vertices in the lower surface. Such a terrain-following grid discretization has superior features to z- and σ-coordinate systems. The accuracy of this model was tested.     

基于B／S体系结构的地图制图生产管理系统

为适应地图制图生产模式的转变，实现地图制图生产管理的科学性和高效率，本文提出了一种基于B／S体系结构构建地图制图生产管理系统的方法。采用．NET、Java Applet和水晶报表技术解决普通页面、带地图元素页面和带统计图表页面的实现难题。系统具有易维护、视觉化效果好和软件复用性高等优点。     

典型非球形冰晶粒子的凝华增长数值模拟试验

在凝华增长过程中,冰晶的形状随着温度和湿度的改变而改变,准确模拟冰晶粒子的演变对于提高云模式的模拟能力起着非常重要的作用。在现有的云模式中,冰晶形状通常假设为球形,而在实际大气中,冰晶形状十分复杂。本研究中,我们根据冰晶凝华增长理论模型建立了一个单个冰晶粒子增长模型,模拟了温度分别为-1℃~-30℃时,单个典型非球形冰晶粒子的凝华增长过程。与风洞观测数据相对比,该模型能够抓住单个冰晶粒子的轴长,质量以及纵横比随温度和湿度的变化过程。我们进一步将该理论增长模型应用到群粒子的凝华增长过程的模拟。我们釆用欧拉二维正定平流输送法(MPDATA)模拟了典型非球形冰晶群粒子的凝华增长,并对比分析了在不同纵横比分辨率下的模拟效果以及温度变化对冰晶形状的影响,结果表明运用该数值方法可以合理地模拟出群粒子在凝华增长过程中纵横比的演变。与目前采用的拉格朗日-欧拉混合平流算法比较,该算法能够耦合到欧拉动力框架下的分档云模式中去,这对我们研究冰晶粒子形状对云微物理过程和动力过程的影响,以及它们对冰粒子凝华增长的反馈作用具有非常重要的科学意义。