基于Hargreaves-Samani回归修正的作物参考蒸散发计算适用性研究

为提高Hargreaves-Samani（H-S）模型计算参考蒸散发的精度,利用西北黄河流域与长江中下游平原共128个气象站点1961—2010年的逐日气象资料对H-S模型进行回归修正,以Penman-Monteith（P-M）模型为标准,评价了H-S改进模型H-S_CORR模型的计算精度,并且以第六次国际耦合模式比较计划（CMIP6）气候模式来对H-S_CORR模型进行了未来适应性评价。结果表明：修正后,在验证期内,长江中下游平原4个分区的平均绝对误差（MAE）和均方根误差（RMSE）的平均值分别下降了6.21 mm·月^-1和6.38 mm·月^-1;西北黄河流域4个分区的MAE和RMSE的平均值分别下降了9.26 mm·月^-1和9.23 mm·月^-1,2个研究区域修正后的决定系数（R²）比修正前最少提高1%。在CMIP6气候模式的未来气候情景下R²均达到0.98以上,具有良好的适应性。该研究修正的模型方法可为仅有气温数据的地区提供较高精度的参考蒸散发估算方法,为高频灌溉提供较为准确的数据基础。     

Remote sensing classification approach to large-scale crop cultivation identification: A case study of the Aral Sea Basin

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the crop cultivation structure in the Aral Sea Basin has changed dramatically, and these changes are worth studying. However, historical crop remote sensing mapping at the watershed scale remains challenging, especially crop misclassification at the cropland edge due to mixed pixels. Therefore, we proposed a field segmentation approach to constrain field edges based on time-series Sentinel-2 remote sensing images and the Google Earth Engine platform and then employed the random forest algorithm to perform crop classification based on time series Landsat/Sentinel-2 images and crop phenology information to produce historical crop maps in the Aral Sea Basin from the 1990s onward. The results showed that the intersection over union between the extracted field edges and in situ-measured field size data was 0.65. The overall accuracy of crop mapping was 95.2% in 2019. Then, we extended our method to historical mapping over the 1991–2015 period with accuracies ranging from 82.8% to 91.3%. Moreover, our method applied to historical mapping works well in terms of accuracy and policy matching. These findings indicate that our method can accurately distinguish cropland edges to reduce classification errors due to mixed pixels. This method is promising for solving the cropland edge problem for historical crop mapping in the Aral Sea Basin and can potentially provide a reference for historical crop classification in other watersheds of the world.     

遥感信息与作物生长模型结合研究进展北大核心

遥感能周期性地获取大范围的地表作物信息,通过适当的反演方法能够定量地提供作物在区域尺度上的生长状况;而作物生长模型可以在单点尺度上模拟出作物生长发育的动态变化,对作物长势以及产量变化的做出机理性解释。将遥感信息与作物生长模型结合能实现二者优势互补,已成为目前作物长势监测和估产研究中的重要方法。本文总结了遥感信息和作物生长模型结合的两种主要方法,即驱动法和同化法,介绍了两种方法的常用算法、优缺点及国内外的应用情况,同时总结了将二者结合的研究趋势以及目前研究中存在的一些问题,旨在为后续遥感信息与作物生长模型结合的研究提供一定理论参考。