铁路独立坐标系的建立及坐标转换

本文以某西北某客运专线为例,论述了在铁路测量中建立独立坐标系的作用及建立这种坐标系的几种方法,并介绍了建立铁路独立坐标系所需的工程椭球构建模型,以及国家坐标系到独立坐标系的坐标转换过程,编制相应程序进行解算。     

面向GIS-T数据建设的分析研究

数据建设是GIS-T的关键过程,合理的数据建设直接影响系统的建设成败。在当前的交通管理运行模式下,如何更好地规划建设数据是论述的重点。进一步地,分别从数据分布、接口设计及数据集成几个方面详细阐述了在交通信息化过程中进行数据建设的方法和策略,并在此基础上提出建设相关知识库和数据仓库的构想。     

澄（江）—阳（宗）二级公路K5+120～280边坡治理

澄（江）—阳（宗）二级公路K5＋120～280边坡受断层构造的影响,受雨季因素和上边坡坡度大以及不良地质现象影响,有发生蠕动滑移的可能。针对工程地质水文地质情况,采取了抗滑桩、喷锚护坡以及排水措施等进行综合治理,取得了良好的治理效果。介绍了该边坡的工程治理方案及施工技术。     

基于非线性理论的大气环境质量预测与评价

大气环境质量的预测和评价是一个典型的多变量和非线性问题。根据大气环境系统的性质，运用灰色系统理论和模糊数学理论建立大气环境质量预测和评价 的数学模型，通过对江西省抚州市环保局提供的实测数据进行科学计算，得到令人满意的结果，有较好的实用价值。     

Research on Algorithm for Generating Min-Area Rectangle Encasing Box for Closed Contour

Encasingboxisoneofthebasicproblemsincom putinggeometry .ItiswidelyusedinmanyengineeringapplicationssuchasimageprocessingpatternrecognitionandCAD .Theproblemofcomputingthemin arearect angleencasingboxforclosedcontourisaspecialcaseofencasingboxproblem .Thisproblemisinvestigatedforpracticalapplication ,especiallyindesigningpath ,colli siondetectionandreal timeroaming (Day ,1988;PreprataandShamos ,1985 ) .ThecommonapproachisAABB (axis alignedboundingboxes)whenfindingrectangleencasingboxnow ,wh…     

Weak chemical weathering during the Little Ice Age recorded by lake sediments

Low magnetic susceptibility, low Sr content and hence high Rb/Sr ratio in the lake sediment sequence indicate a weak chemical weathering process under arid and cold climate of the Little Ice Age in a single closed lake watershed. According to different geochemical behavior between rubidium and strontium in earth surface processes, variation of Rb/Sr ratios in the lake sediment sequence can be used as an effective geochemical proxy with definite climatic significance of chemical weathering in watershed. Unlike chemical weathering process in tropic zone and modern temperate-humid climate, concordant changes in both Sr content and magnetic susceptibility with δ¹⁸O values of Dunde ice core suggest that the weak chemical weathering was controlled by air temperature during the Little Ice Age maximum. After the Little Ice Age, chemical weathering intensity was controlled also gradually by precipitation with increasing in temperature.     

Chemical weathering since the Little Ice Age recorded in lake sediments: a high‐resolution proxy of past climate

Because of the different geochemical behaviour of rubidium and strontium in earth surface processes, variations of the Rb/Sr ratios in lake sediments were used as a geochemical proxy of chemical weathering and past climate in a single watershed. Low magnetic susceptibility, low CaCO₃, low Sr concentration and, hence, high Rb/Sr ratio in the lake sediments indicate weak chemical weathering under a cold but wet climate during the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the closed Daihai Lake watershed. The concordant change in both Sr and CaCO₃ concentrations with δ¹⁸O values in the Dunde ice core suggests that weak chemical weathering during the wet LIA was controlled by air temperature. After the LIA, however, precipitation played a dominant role in chemical weathering. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水能联合方程恢复流域古降水量时参数的确定方法及其应用──以青海湖全新世大暖期古降水量推算为例

在同一季风作用区域内,相同天文辐射、降水量、地理环境(包括地形与海拔)的地区其气候是相同或相似的。而这种相同气候条件下的下垫面条件和各气候因素又是相同或相似的,因而其表面蒸发量也应该相同或至少相差不大。利用建立在此基础上的多次逼近法,可定量估算J.E.Kutzbach能量平衡方程中的各气候与水文参数,并据此定量估算封闭流域的蒸发量、降水量。用此法,对青海湖在全新世大暖期高湖面稳定存在时的流域年降水量进行了定量估算结果表明:当时青海湖流域年降水量为585±10mm左右,比现代流域年降水量多200mm左右。     

贵州省思南县白虎岩滑坡防治工程抗滑桩施工方法

地质灾害对国民经济的影响在现今社会越来越突出，本文通过该项目的施工，总结了一套滑坡防治工程中抗滑桩施工的方法。     

CASS测图软件中DTM的建立与应用

本文探讨了CASS测图软件中DTM的建立及其在工程中的应用,并提出了在建立过程中应该注意的一些实际问题,供有关人员参考应用.