基于ArcEngine的房产普查管理信息系统的设计与实现

从房屋数据库设计、房屋普查与管理综合功能模块的角度介绍了房屋普查管理信息系统的设计与业务流程。系统的数据库是在ACCESS 2003下进行管理,并在VB.net环境下开发前端应用平台,利用ADO.net动态数据连接引擎实现数据间的通信;利用ArcEngine组件技术,采用嵌入式集成方式,实现房屋查询、房屋管理、房屋信息统计等专业应用与基本地理信息功能的集成,也是地理信息系统(GIS)与管理信息系统(MIS)的综合应用。     

广东省地籍数据库管理系统研究

将GIS技术、关系数据库技术、计算机及网络技术等信息技术引入地籍管理,旨在建立一个面向全广东省的城乡一体化的地籍数据库管理系统,实现地籍数据的多级联动、资源共享,形成标准统一、上下一致的无缝空间与属性地籍数据资源管理体系.     

THE INTERDECADAL VARIATION OF THE SOUTH ASIAN HIGH AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH THE SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL REGIONS

This study aims to explore the interdecadal variation of South Asian High (SAH) and its relationship with SST (Sea surface temperature) of the tropical and subtropical regions by using the NCEP/NCAR monthly reanalysis data from 1948 to 2012, based on the NCAR CAM 3.0 general circulation model. The results show that: 1) the intensity of SAH represents a remarkable interdecadal variation characteristic, the intensity of SAH experienced from weak to strong at the late 1970s, and after the late 1970s , its strength is enhanced and the area is expanded in the east-west direction. The expansion degree is greater westward than eastward, while it is opposite in summer. 2) Corresponding to the interdecadal variation of SAH intensity, after the late 1970s, the divergent component of wind field has two ascending and three descending areas. Of the two ascending areas, one is located in the East Pacific, the other location varies with the season from the Indian Ocean in winter to the South China Sea and West Pacific in summer. Three descending areas are located in the north-central Africa, the East Asia and the Middle Pacific region respectively. 3) Corresponding to the interdecadal variation of SAH intensity, the rotational component of wind field at the lower level is an anomalous cyclone over the South China Sea and West Pacific in summer, while in winter, it is an anomalous cyclone over the Indian Ocean, and an anomalous anticyclone over the equatorial Middle Pacific. 4) Numerical simulations show that the interdecadal variation of SAH is closely related to the SST of the tropical and subtropical regions. The SST of Indian Ocean plays an important role in winter, while in summer, the SST of the South China Sea and West Pacific plays an important role, and the SST of the East Pacific also plays a certain role.     

井中三分量磁测在鲁西大张深覆盖区铁矿勘查中的应用

近年来,在山东省德州市东南部深覆盖区的矽卡岩型铁矿勘查工作取得重大找矿突破,相继发现了李屯、大张、潘店铁矿床;该区找矿工作中使用的“地质—磁法—重力—电法—地震—钻探—测井—综合研究”等找矿方法效果明显。大张地区矽卡岩型铁矿成矿地质条件优越,即该区奥陶纪碳酸盐岩地层广泛分布,燕山晚期中基性侵入岩发育,构造活动显著。以往大张异常西半环地区勘查工作取得了良好找矿成果,而对该异常东半环则尚未进行异常查证。本次研究在总结大张地区矽卡岩型铁矿成矿规律的基础上,在大张异常东半环开展了异常查证工作,施工的DZK2钻孔虽未见矿,但井中三分量磁测工作在该孔揭露的奥陶纪地层和岩体接触带处发现了矿致异常,推断其为一盲矿体,由此表明大张异常东半环亦有较好的铁矿找矿潜力。井中三分量磁测工作成果表明该勘查手段在矽卡岩型铁矿勘查工作的必要性和有效性。     

基于水化学数据的矿山涌水水源识别:主成分分析与残差分析

涌水是矿山安全生产的重要威胁之一,掌握涌水的水源是预防这类灾害的重要依据。基于多期次的水化学监测数据,提出了利用主成分分析(PCA)和残差分析来识别涌水的水源数量和水源类型。主成分分析能够充分提取高维数据的结构信息,消除变量冗余。残差分析利用主成分分析结果,提取不同的主成分个数重构离子浓度,得出重构离子浓度和原始离子浓度之间的残差,利用残差的结构性信息来判断可能的涌水水源数量和水源类型。结果表明:随保留主成分个数的增加,重构离子浓度的精度越高,离子残差的结构性得到消除且表现出随机性。在实例应用中,通过利用5个主成分重构离子浓度消除了所有主要离子残差结构性,保证了信息的最大程度提取,因此,确定研究矿山涌水水源数量为5个;同时,利用每个主成分对残差结构性的影响程度及离子相关性分析,确定了这5个水源类型为海水、第四系孔隙水、富钙基岩水、富镁基岩水和淡水。     

基于HSV与PCA集成的高分影像高大地物阴影检测方法

针对水体、偏蓝色地物会影响高分影像阴影检测精度,本文提出了一种适用于GF-1影像的城市高大地物阴影检测方法。首先,在统计分析GF-1影像中阴影、水体及深色地物等典型地物光谱特征的基础上,利用主成分变换方法分割阴影与非阴影区域,分离后的阴影区域含有水体、深色地物信息;其次,对HSV色彩空间的V分量利用阈值法分割阴影和非阴影区域,分离后结果含有暗色植被,但不含有水体跟深色地物信息。最后,对两次计算结果进行逻辑与运算,从而剔除混合阴影区域中水体、深色地物以及暗色植被等信息,获得高精度阴影区信息。实验表明,该方法具有较好的普适性和可操作性,既能够削弱水体、偏蓝色地的影响,又能够高效、准确地提取出GF-1影像中的阴影信息。     

手机地图显示尺度划分方法研究

随着移动通信技术的发展,手机地图逐渐成为人们获取位置信息的重要工具。由于手机地图具有屏幕小,快速移动和近距离阅读等特点,所以手机地图内容各要素的分层显示特征更为明显,这要求手机地图显示尺度的划分更加精细。而现有基础电子地图多尺度显示模型无法完全适用于手机地图多尺度显示。为此,针对不同要素视觉感受的差异性,利用眼动实验定量确定了手机地图各要素载负量的权重和计算方法。在此基础上,综合考虑不同要素载负量对显示尺度划分的影响,提出了一种利用主成分迭代分析建立手机地图多尺度显示模型的方法。并与现有基于地图面积载负量建立的地图多尺度显示模型进行了分析比较,为今后手机地图多尺度显示提供科学的参考依据。     

西南印度洋中脊表层沉积物中存在热液组分的地球化学证据

Hydrothermal materials in deep-sea sediments provide a robust tracer to the localized hydrothermal activity at mid-ocean ridges. Major, trace and rare earth element(REE) data for surface sediments collected from the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge are presented to examine the existence of hydrothermal component.Biogenic carbonate oozes dominate all the sediment samples, with CaO content varying from 85.5% to 89.9% on a volatile-free basis. The leaching residue of bulk sediments by ~5% HCl is compositionally comparable to the Upper Continental Crust(UCC) in SiO_2, Al_2O_3, CaO, MgO, alkali elements(Rb, Cs) and high field strength elements(Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti). These detritus-hosted elements are inferred to be prominently derived from the Australian continent by means of eolian dust, while the contribution of local volcaniclastics is insignificant. In addition, the residual fraction shows a clear enrichment in Fe, Mn, and Ba compared with the UCC. Combining the positive Eu anomaly of residual fraction which is opposed to the UCC but the characteristic of hydrothermal fluids and associated precipitates occurred at mid-ocean ridges, the incorporation of localized hydrothermal component can be constrained. REE mixing calculations indicate that more than half REE within the residual fraction(~55%–60%) are derived from a hydrothermal component, which is inferred to be resulted from a diffuse fluid mineralization. The low-temperature diffuse flow may be widely distributed along the slow-ultraslow spreading ridges where crustal faults and fissures abound, and probably have a great mineralization potential.     

悬沙组分对再悬浮过程响应的初步研究——以长江口南槽口门为例

根据2011年5月31日至6月3日在长江口南槽口门附近海域投放三角架观测系统获取的沉积动力观测数据以及现场采集的水样和底质样品,进行底部边界层参数、悬沙粒度及悬沙组分分析,以探讨研究区近底部边界层特征和沉积物再悬浮过程。结果表明,研究区海域的悬沙以粉砂组分为主,潮周期内近底部流速与相应层位的悬沙浓度变化呈正相关,存在显著的再悬浮作用。分析发现,随着水体中悬沙砂组分的增加,再悬浮通量随之显著增加;砂组分减小,则再悬浮通量亦减小。因此,悬沙砂组分是对再悬浮过程响应的敏感组分,在一定程度上可指示和"示踪"再悬浮效应。     

无缝仿射基准转换模型的方差分量估计

以无缝仿射基准变换为例,研究了无缝基准转换模型的方差分量估计理论,导出无缝基准变换过程中两套坐标的方差分量估计公式。通过模拟试验分析表明,采用方差分量估计方法能正确地恢复出客观体现两套坐标误差的方差值,从而有效提高无缝基准转换精度。