应用最小二乘配置建立地壳运动速度场与应变场的方法

简要论述了应用最小二乘配置原理,利用GPS资料建立水平运动速度场统一模型和应变场的方法.讨论了建立基于不同参考基准和几何变形含义的地壳运动模型及空间不同尺度和频率域应变场等问题.对中国地壳运动观测网络区域网资料进行了处理、分析,并分别以中国大陆区域整体及首都圈地区不同空间尺度的区域作为研究区对本文提出的模型和方法进行了实际应用和讨论.     

CINRAD/SC雷达观测参数合理配置问题研究

中国产CINRAD/SC新一代天气雷达的脉冲重复频率、脉冲采样数和天线扫描转速这3个观测参数均可由雷达使用者自行配置。雷达观测实践表明,这3个观测参数配置得正确、合理与否,将直接影响到雷达获取的基数据资料质量的优劣,进而可影响到雷达导出产品的质量。通过理论分析,得到了天气雷达脉冲重复频率、脉冲采样数和天线转速这3个可配置观测参数科学合理的配置规律。以此作为CINRAD/SC天气雷达相关参数的配置依据,获取的基数据质量可以得到提高。     

连线干涉系统测量共位双星宽带信号处理与分析

随着人类空间活动的急剧增加,同步轨道资源已变得十分稀缺。为此人们采用了多星共位技术,来充分挖掘同步轨道资源。多星共位中,由于卫星存在位置漂移的情况,安全问题成为维护卫星正常工作必须考虑的问题之一。考虑到同步卫星的轨道特性,常采用三程测距的方式对卫星进行测轨,而且需要较长时间的测轨弧段。连线干涉测量可以获得高精度的差分相位时延,这对卫星在垂直视线方向上构成了很强的约束。给出了连线干涉测量系统设计及测量数据处理方法,并对测量中的关键技术与设备特性、测量数据精度进行了初步分析。     

基于随机配点法的地下水污染风险评价

地下水污染事件难以被直接观测,其发生环境通常也具有多种不确定性,风险评价可以量化地下水污染事件的危害性。利用随机配点模型和多项式抽样技术,建立了高效的风险评价模型;考虑了渗透系数、孔隙率和弥散度等多种不确定性因子,探讨了复杂条件下的风险函数的分布特征。研究结果表明:基于随机配点法的风险评价模型避免了多次重复求解对流弥散方程,通过计算成本低廉的随机配点技术得到浓度随机场的拉格朗日多项式,进行多项式抽样获取浓度样本并得到风险函数;与传统的解析算法相比,该方法无需对输入参数和浓度的分布形态做出假设;与传统的蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)算法相比,该模型具有明显的效率优势和优越的收敛速度;输入参数的分布类型对风险分布产生显著影响。     

Stochastic response surface method for reliability analysis of rock slopes involving correlated non-normal variables

This paper proposes a stochastic response surface method for reliability analysis involving correlated non-normal random variables, in which the Nataf transformation is adopted to effectively transform the correlated non-normal variables into independent standard normal variables. Transformations of random variables that are often used in reliability analyses in terms of standard normal variables are summarized. The closed-form expressions for fourth to sixth order Hermite polynomial chaos expansions involving any number of random variables are formulated. The proposed method will substantially extend the application of stochastic response surface method for reliability problems. An example of reliability analysis of rock slope stability with plane failure is presented to demonstrate the validity and capability of the proposed stochastic response surface method. The results indicate that the proposed stochastic response surface method can evaluate the reliability of rock slope stability involving correlated non-normal variables accurately and efficiently. Its accuracy is shown to be higher than that for the first-order reliability method, and it is much more efficient than direct Monte-Carlo simulation. The results also show that the number of collocation points selected should ensure that the Hermite polynomial matrix has a full rank so that different order SRSMs can produce a robust estimation of probability of failure for a specified performance function. Generally, the accuracy of SRSM increases as the order of SRSM increases.     

给定内插重力异常精度时对重力数据的要求

基于最小二乘配置误差估计公式,建立了重力异常格网数据的分辨率和精度与重力异常内插值精度的关系,提出了在给定插值精度时反推已知格网数据的分辨率和精度的方法。以EGM2008重力场模型为例,在不同分辨率和精度条件下进行重力异常插值实验。实验结果与本文方法的计算结果基本一致,表明该方法具有一定的可行性。     

Kriging方法结合最小二乘配置在GPS高程拟合中的应用

本文利用Kriging方法结合最小二乘配置将GPS高程转换成正常高.研究了将Kriging方法中的变异函数用于计算最小二乘配置中的协方差的方法,并对一局部GPS水准网的高程作了拟合计算.通过将最小二乘配置法与平面拟合模型和多面函数拟合模型等进行比较,其外符合精度从最大的±0.0277m提高到±0.0162m.     

A preliminary assessment of the sea surface wind speed production of HY-2 scanning microwave radiometer

A scanning microwave radiometer（RM） was launched on August 16,2011,on board HY-2 satellite.The six-month long global sea surface wind speeds observed by the HY-2 scanning microwave radiometer are preliminarily validated using in-situ measurements and WindSat observations,respectively,from January to June 2012.The wind speed root-mean-square（RMS） difference of the comparisons with in-situ data is 1.89 m/s for the measurements of NDBC and 1.72 m/s for the recent four-month data measured by PY30-1 oil platform,respectively.On a global scale,the wind speeds of HY-2 RM are compared with the sea surface wind speeds derived from WindSat,the RMS difference of 1.85 m/s for HY-2 RM collocated observations data set is calculated in the same period as above.With analyzing the global map of a mean difference between HY-2 RM and WindSat,it appears that the bias of the sea surface wind speed is obviously higher in the inshore regions.In the open sea,there is a relatively higher positive bias in the mid-latitude regions due to the overestimation of wind speed observations,while the wind speeds are underestimated in the Southern Ocean by HY-2 RM relative to WindSat observations.     

基于最小二乘配置模型探讨青藏高原巴彦喀拉块体的运动特征

论述了块体刚性运动和最小二乘配置模型的原理及构建方法,并对青藏高原中部巴彦喀拉块体的运动趋势及内部形变进行了深入研究.基于最小二乘配置模型,通过建立推估点与观测点间的协方差矩阵,能够较好地区分块体整体刚性旋转及内部的弹性形变,削弱了点位分布对形变场构建产生的影响,从而准确描述区域地壳运动的趋势及应变场特征.结果表明:巴...     

最小二乘配置与REHSM求解GPS应变场的方法

首先在最小二乘配置方法中,通过多项式函数、高斯函数、似高斯函数、希尔沃宁函数、空间调和函数(2个)共6种协方差拟合函数,在WGS-84椭球面上比较获得最优的区域速度场信息。然后在研究区域进行划分与编码,通过块体的整体旋转及均匀应变模型(REHSM)解算得到应变场。最后对运城盆地2007~2010年19个基于"数字地震网络工程"的监测数据进行分析,给出该区域的应变场分布。