Mössbauer and molecular orbital study of chlorites

The different Fe²⁺ lattice sites in iron-rich chlorites have been characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy and molecular orbital calculations in local density approximation. The Mössbauer measurements were recorded at 77?K within a small velocity range (±3.5?mm?s^?1) to provide high energy resolution. Additionally, measurements were recorded in a wider velocity range (±10.5?mm?s^?1) at temperatures of 140, 200, and 250?K in an applied field (7?T) parallel to the γ-beam. The zero-field spectra were analyzed with discrete Lorentzian-shaped quadrupole doublets to account for the Fe²⁺ sites M1, M2, and M3 and with a quadrupole distribution for Fe³⁺ sites. Such a procedure is justified by the results obtained from MO calculations, which reveal that different anion (OH^?) distributions in the first coordination sphere of M1, M2, and M3 positions have more influence on the Fe²⁺ quadrupole splitting than cationic disorder. The spectra recorded in applied field were analyzed in the spin-Hamiltonian approximation, yielding a negative sign for the electric field gradient (efg) of Fe²⁺ in the M1, M2, and M3 positions. The results of the MO calculations are in quantitative agreement with experiment and reveal that differences in the quadrupole splittings (ΔE _Q ), their temperature dependence and in the isomer shifts (δ) of Fe²⁺ in M1, M2, and M3 positions can theoretically by justified. Therefore, the combined Mössbauer and MO investigation shows that the three Fe²⁺ lattice sites in the chlorites investigated here can be discriminated according to their ΔE _Q -δ parameter pairs. With the calculated average iron-oxygen bond strength, the MO study provides an explanation for the observed trend that the population of the three lattice sites by Fe²⁺ increases according to the relation M1?相似文献   

古陶产地同位素示踪的初步研究

江苏花厅以及河南郑州的古陶的分析结果表明不同产地和同一产地不同文化特征的古陶有不同的Pb和Nd同位素组成，因此Pb和Nd同位素组成可以成为判别古陶产地的重要标志。     

甘肃河西地区历史遗址分布及其自然环境背景

研究历史遗址的空间分布,有助于深入了解历史时期人类活动与自然地理环境的关系,从而更加科学有效地管理和保护历史文化遗址.以河西地区3654处历史文化遗址为研究对象,结合当时的历史文化背景,在GIS技术的支持下,对河西地区历史文化遗址的空间分布特征及其自然影响因素进行了研究.结果 显示:研究区历史文化遗址受自然环境的影响较...     

面向文化遗产的全国1:100万地形数据库扩充研究与实现

本文首先论述了全国1∶100万地形数据库的现状,对其进行扩充的必要性及扩充原则,同时叙述了选取全国重点文物保护单位和世界遗产这两个文化要素对数据库进行扩充的原因和意义;接着列举了扩充数据库时选用的资料源及更新和扩充的方法,最后将在此基础上建立的两个数据层的空间内容及属性信息通过图表进行了表现。文化遗产在地形数据库中的扩充,不仅丰富了数据库的内容,而且能够使更多的人了解我国灿烂的民族文化和丰富的自然遗产。文章同时对今后的工作做了展望。     

中国长线工程场地地震安全性评价工作中的活动构造问题

长线工程场地一般都得穿经活动构造带,因而活动构造研究在该类场地的地震安全性评价工作中尤为重要。为此,文中对长线工程场地对地震安全性评价工作的要求和活动构造的研究现状进行了总结和分析,在此基础上,提出了长线场地地震安全性评价工作中活动构造研究宜开展的研究内容、技术指标、技术路径和成果提交等工作要点。最后,对长线场地震安全性评价工作中活动构造研究目前存在的一些问题进行了初步的分析和探讨     

Evaluation of multiple surface soil moisture for Korean regional flux monitoring network sites: Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E,land surface model,and ground measurements

In the past few decades, there have been great developments in remotely sensed soil moisture, with validation efforts using land surface models (LSMs) and ground‐based measurements, because soil moisture information is essential to understanding complex land surface–atmosphere interactions. However, the validation of remotely sensed soil moisture has been very limited because of the scarcity of the ground measurements in Korea. This study validated Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E (AMSR‐E) soil moisture data with the Common Land Model (CLM), one of the most widely used LSMs, and ground‐based measurements at two Korean regional flux monitoring network sites. There was reasonable agreement regarding the different soil moisture products for monitoring temporal trends except National Snow and Ice Data Centre (NSIDC) AMSR‐E soil moisture, albeit there were essential comparison limitations by different spatial scales and soil depths. The AMSR‐E soil moisture data published by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VUA) showed potential to replicate temporal variability patterns (root‐mean‐square errors = 0·10–0·14 m³ m^?3 and wet BIAS = 0·09 ? 0·04 m³ m^?3) with the CLM and ground‐based measurements. However, the NSIDC AMSR‐E soil moisture was problematic because of the extremely low temporal variability and the VUA AMSR‐E soil moisture was relatively inaccurate in Gwangneung site characterized by complex geophysical conditions. Additional evaluations should be required to facilitate the use of recent and forthcoming remotely sensed soil moisture data from Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity and Soil Moisture Active and Passive missions at representative future validation sites. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of meteorological conditions for the base of marine sports in the 26th Summer Universiade in Shenzhen in 2011

Based on the real-time wind direction and speed data from an automatic meteorological monitoring network in Shenzhen, the wind characteristics of Jue Diao Sha maritime area are analyzed. As indicated in the results, the wind speed of this area is higher than that over the land, the average wind speed is above 3 m/s and the probability for the maximum wind speed to drop below 20 m/s is above 90%. Moreover, the probability for the hourly swing angle of wind direction to become less than 50o is above 80%, suggesting that the wind conditions in the Jue Diao Sha area could meet the requirements of the sporting events. According to the numerical simulation, this area is the best selected site among three candidates. Furthermore, the characteristics of daily land and sea breezes are such that it is suggested the game will be best carried out from 1000 to 1700 Beijing Standard Time.     

Kostadinov与Yamazaki液化识别方法的可行性剖析

研究具有代表性的Kostzadinov and Yamazaki液化识别方法的可行性,特别是对软土和液化场地的识别能力.选择包含了13个软土场地的52个场地实际地震纪录,分析结果表明,该方法识别成功率随场地类别变软而显著降低,对中硬、中软和软土非液化场地成功率分别为100％、70.6％和46.2％,对液化场地成功率为6...     

古环境演变和海岸线变迁对江淮东部新石器文化的影响

考古学发现江准东部已有十多处新石器文化遗址,形成了有区域特征的文化序列.分别为龙虬庄文化(7 000? 6 300～5 500 aBP)、大汶口文化(5 500～4 600 aBP)和龙山(岳石)文化(4 300～3 450 aBP).在中全新世适宜期,受气候、长江、淮河三角洲的发育和海面变化的共同作用,江淮东部约7 ...     

河东地区早期文化遗址时空分布研究

位于黄河中游的河东地区作为早期国家文明起源、发展的重要地区,其文化遗址的分布特征可以印证我国早期文明的演进趋势。以河东地区2070处早期文化遗址为研究对象,运用GIS空间分析法,分析其时空分布规律及其地理环境影响因素。结果表明:(1)旧石器时代文化遗址主要分布在海拔较高的山地中,且无明显聚集特征。(2)新石器时代,文化遗址的分布向中部平坦、水源充足的运汾盆地转移。(3)夏商周时期,文化遗址的分布在运汾盆地内进一步发展,且出现由政治因素导向的显著性集聚特征。这一演变规律反映了早期人类从自然散聚到有组织集聚的文明演变过程。