北祁连西段吊达坂地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿预测

以北祁连西段吊达坂水系沉积物测量地球化学特征为研究对象，通过元素含量的概率分布、元素富集与分异、单元素异常、元素相关性分析及异常元素组合等特征的研究，在区内共圈定综合地球化学异常18处，划分出3个铜铅锌多金属找矿远景区，发现矿点4处。研究结果显示水系沉积物测量在北祁连西段半干旱高寒山区找矿效果明显。     

基于神经网络的滑坡变形预测报研究

利用ＢＰ神经网络方法建立了滑坡变形预报模型,在此模型的基础上对几个典型滑坡进行了预报分析,其结果表明用ＢＰ模型进行滑坡短期预报效果较好。     

日本90年代区域差异的现状与趋势

在都道府县层次上,日本的经济区域差异已比较小。从ＧＤＰ的人均生产额来说,最高的东京都与最低的奈良县之比为３倍左右;从人均分配所得来说,最高的东京与最低的冲绳县之比只有２倍左右。所以分配的差异比生产的差异更小。但人口密度和经济密度的区域差异仍很突出。人口密度的差异达到７０多倍。经济密度的差异更达到１６０多倍。日本经济区域差异的缩小主要发生在６０、７０年代,在８０年代反而有所扩大,９０年代主要由于泡沫经济的破灭又有所缩小。在今后几年,在泡沫经济破灭、东亚经济危机等暂时因素和较高的经济发展水平、越来越注重环境和福利的价值观等长远因素的作用下,日本的区域差异还将进一步缩小。     

云南元江地区铜矿GIS预测时的找矿有利度和空间相关性分析

以云南元江地区铜矿ＧＩＳ预测为例,介绍了线型异常和面型异常的找矿有利度分析方法,并给出断裂、物化探异常和地层找矿有利度分析的结果．给出了计算空间相关性的公式,并研究了不同元素化探异常的空间相关性．研究了相关元素的组合异常,论证了在矿产资源预测中应用组合异常的必要性．     

矿床统计预测单元划分的方法与程序

在矿床统计预测中,如何确定最佳的统计预测单元,目前尚无通用的准则和算法,它的划分往往取决于地质学家对研究区控矿条件的认识,矿化的实际分布殂态及统计预测所采用的评价模型等多种因素。系统功能齐全,基本上满足了资源评价的各种需求,实现了预测单元划分的自动化和智能化。     

Seismic quiescence before the M 7, 1988, Spitak earthquake, Armenia

A detailed analysis of the 35  yr of seismicity between 1962 and 1997 using a gridding technique shows that the M 7, Spitak earthquake of 1988 December 7 was preceded by a quiescence anomaly that started at approximately 1984±0.5, and lasted about 5±0.5  yr, up to the main shock. This quiescence anomaly had a radius of about 20±3  km, estimated from circular areas with 75 per cent rate decrease, centred at the point of maximum significance of the anomaly. The quiescence was clearly present in the aftershock volume during the 5  yr before the 1988 main shock, but its statistically strongest expression was located 30  km NW of the epicentre. This anomaly fulfills the association rules between precursory quiescence anomalies and main shocks, even for a tight definition, and is therefore proposed as a case of precursory quiescence. The largest value of the standard deviate Z , found by random selection of samples by gridding, was Z =14 for a time window of T _w=3  yr, using a sample size of N =300 events. This makes this anomaly the strongest observed so far, and it is the first documented in an environment of continental collision. There are no false alarms exceeding in significance the precursor. The Armenian earthquake catalogue used for this study had 4600 earthquakes with M ≥ M _min=2.2 in the area bounded by 39.5° to 42°N/42.5° to 47°E. From the point of view of homogeneous reporting this is the best catalogue we have analysed so far. The limits of the data used and the density of the grid are dictated by the data, and have no influence on the results. The choice of free parameters does not influence the results significantly within the following limits: 100≤ N ≤500, 2≤ T _w≤7, 2.2≤ M _min≤2.8.     

Polarization anomaly of Love waves caused by lateral heterogeneity

We calculate surface waves propagating in a laterally heterogeneous structure beneath the Kuril trench, where significant Love-wave polarization anomalies, called quasi-Love waves, are generated. Since 3-D wave propagation in the two-dimensionally heterogeneous structure can be assumed, we apply the 2.5-D finite difference method to the surface-wave calculations. The calculations show that a velocity contrast of 7 per cent at depths of less than 210 km beneath the Kuril trench cannot generate quasi-Love waves, and that an unlikely contrast of 20 per cent is required to generate clear quasi-Love waves. The possible cause of the quasi-Love waves inferred from previous studies on coupled free oscillations is a lateral variation in azimuthal anisotropy. The lateral variation in azimuthal anisotropy beneath the Kuril trench suggests a change in the mantle flow induced by the subducting slab.     

滇西地区小地震群特征

根据滇西地区（23°．8－28°N;97°．0－101°．5E）1966年1月－1996年7月89个ML≤4．7的小地震震群资料分别总结出滇西地区H,K,U,η,b,△M参数的判别指标和地区特征。着重讨论了小地震震群与云南及邻区中强震关系,以及综合利用上述参数尝试预报未来中强震。