基于置信度的地址匹配方法初探

针对市域地址数据特点,文章在地址编码和地址匹配现有研究成果的基础上,参照济南市地址使用习惯,提出了一种基于置信度的地址匹配方法。该方法以地址数据库为基础,依托规范化地址编码,利用分词算法和置信度筛选的方法匹配数据,通过人机交互的方式扩充地址库,实现了地址的自动匹配定位,提高了匹配的正确性。     

一种基于相对关系不变性的双相机标志点匹配算法

针对双相机数字工业摄影测量中的人工标志点自动匹配问题,设计了一种基于相对关系不变性的图像匹配算法,根据平缓过渡曲面上相邻点间相对关系在两张像片上一致的原理,解决了两张像片的标志点自动匹配问题。3组实验表明,该算法匹配正确率高,匹配速度快,能够满足动态测量数据处理的需求。     

自然语言空间查询中应用编辑距离的规则匹配模型

自然语言空间查询是智能信息检索在GIS领域的扩展。自然语言的自由灵活性在降低用户查询难度的同时,也对查询语句的规则匹配增加了难度。鉴于此,提出基于编辑距离的规则匹配模型。在词语层面,计算编辑相似度和语义相似度提供候选项,通过用户选择来建立未登录词与空间词库的匹配关系;在语句层面,应用编辑距离的思想来实现未登录句式的规则匹配。最后,开发了规则匹配工具,通过实验验证了模型的可行性。     

一种采用改进K-d树的无人机影像特征匹配搜索方法

在高分辨率无人机影像匹配过程中,多采用SIFT或SURF算法进行尺度和旋转不变的特征提取与描述,但经过SIFT或SURF算法提取出的特征都是高维向量,在匹配点数量较大时,匹配搜索速度比较慢。针对这一问题,比较了穷尽搜索与K-d树搜索算法的特点;然后按照"降维"的思路,提出了一种采用改进K-d树的匹配搜索方法。经过理论分析和实验验证,该方法可以有效提高匹配搜索速度,并且匹配数据集规模越大、维度越高,搜索速度提升越明显。     

基于双目视觉的船舶跟踪与定位

设计了基于双目视觉的船舶跟踪与定位系统,并且完成对应算法设计.算法分为摄像机标定、目标跟踪、立体匹配、视差定位4个模块,其中,跟踪模块以目标窗口的形式给出跟踪结果,匹配模块在跟踪结果中进行左右目立体匹配,定位模块根据左右目匹配点对的像素位置计算其在物理空间的坐标,减少了匹配时间.实验结果表明,该方式可实现实时跟踪目标并给出目标的准确位置,满足应用要求.该定位系统可同时完成动态目标跟踪和定位,提供三维图像的丰富信息,具有很强的推广应用价值.     

Technological capability and transfer for achieving South Africa's development goals

Technological capability and technology transfer both play important roles in achieving low-carbon development targets and the concepts of both have appeared in national development and climate policy debates. Yet, they differ. Improving capabilities and transfer mechanisms are two differing approaches to technological development. Technology transfer is associated with a key political dynamic within international climate policy, in that developing countries request support from industrialised countries. Whereas technological capability focuses on building internal capabilities and is often framed in the context of national industrial policy plans rather than relying on external support. We argue that technology development, a combination of these approaches, can contribute to South Africa's low-carbon development through innovation and technology-based mitigation actions that increase domestic technological capabilities. Technological capability needs to become a determinant of mitigation action to effectively contribute to achieving South Africa's low-carbon development goals. International technology transfer and cooperation should contribute to boosting domestic capabilities to advance technological development. Technology transfer based on pure sales will not contribute to achieving long-term low-carbon development goals.     

Policy making for renewable energy in India: lessons from wind and solar power sectors

It is clear that developing countries will have to be part of the global mitigation effort to avoid ‘dangerous climate change’, and, indeed, many of them are already undertaking significant actions on multiple fronts to help address this problem, even if they have not yet taken on legally binding commitment under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Since the deployment of GHG-mitigating technologies is already a significant part of this effort and likely to be even more so in the future, drawing lessons from existing programmes can help accelerate and enhance the effectiveness of this deployment process. Accordingly, this article aims to examine the deployment of wind and solar power in India, paying specific attention to the role of public policy in incentivizing and facilitating this deployment, how these policies have evolved over time, what has shaped this evolution, and what the learning has been over this period. Through this analysis, the intention is to draw out key lessons from India's experience with deployment policies and programmes in these two sectors and highlight the issues that will need to be given particular consideration in the design of future domestic policies and international cooperation programmes to enhance the move towards climate-compatible development in India. Many of these lessons should also be relevant for other developing countries that are attempting to balance their climate and developmental priorities through the deployment of renewable energy technologies.     

磁法延拓在地磁背景场匹配中的应用研究

在浅海地区,由于复杂的地磁背景场会对航空磁异常探测(MAD)造成影响,导致目标识别的虚警率过高。为了降低虚警率,需要将地磁背景场从飞机探测的磁场中剥离出来。文中使用的地磁背景场通过船磁测量获得。但是MAD和船磁测量不在同一个高度/平面内,需要通过磁法向上延拓的方法,将船测磁场向上延拓到飞机飞行高度。基于海上磁测数据,通过磁法向上延拓的方法,获得飞机飞行平面内的地磁背景场,然后将实际飞行的磁测数据减去地磁背景场来完成地磁匹配,最终达到降低MAD信号识别输出虚警的目的。     

结合影像的LIDAR数据三维建筑物提取

随着LIDAR技术的出现,三维建筑物的提取也受到越来越多的重视。由于LIDAR数据分布的不连续性和不规律性,直接从机载激光扫描测距数据中进行建筑物提取较为困难。本文提出了一种结合灰度影像的LIDAR数据三维建筑物提取方法,分三个步骤:首先对灰度影像进行建筑物二维提取;然后将处理后影像和LIDAR数据粗匹配,初步确定LI-DAR数据中的三维建筑物区域;最后利用一组阈值操作进行三维建筑物的精确提取。实验结果表明该方法简单实用,适应性强。     

基于时空约束和三角形迭代划分的渔船AIS与ARPA轨迹匹配

针对现有的轨迹相似度匹配算法用于渔船AIS (Automatic Identification System)与ARPA (Automatic Radar Plotting Aid)轨迹匹配时存在复杂度高、效率低等问题,本文提出基于时空约束和三角形迭代划分的渔船AIS与ARPA轨迹匹配算法TSC-TIP (Temporal and Spatial Constraint-Triangle Iterative Partitioning)。首先采用时空约束法筛选出ARPA目标时空约束范围内的AIS数据;其次采用三角形相似算法选择与AIS数据具有相似特征点的APRA轨迹数据;最后设计了子轨迹迭代划分法将每条轨迹划分为两条子轨迹并采用三角形相似法对子轨迹进行迭代筛选。为验证算法的性能,用渔船的真实AIS轨迹数据和ARPA轨迹数据进行了试验,结果表明：与基于经典距离的相似性度量方法相比,提出的TSC-TIP算法在不影响匹配准确率的前提下,匹配时间减少了95%。研究表明：TSC-TIP算法能有效匹配渔船AIS与ARPA轨迹数据,为面向AIS与ARPA的渔船轨迹数据融合研究提供了新思路。