一种通用GIS应用体系结构的分析与应用

“:三层”软件体系结构作为构建传统信息系统应用的成熟框架,将其应用于GIS,从整体上看是合适的。但同时考虑到地理信息所具有的特殊性,使得通用的GIS应用还需要在“三层”体系结构中加入一些额外的功能要求。具体分析了“三层”软件体系结构与地理信息的特殊性之后,参考OGC和ISO/TC211的标准规范,提出了一种通用的GIS应用体系结构,并按照体系结构构建了一个GIS应用实例,证明了结构的合理性与可行性。     

基于SOA的税收征管网络GIS平台

 为了能直观、形象和动态地反映不同区域税收状况的空间分布规律和变化趋势,提高异构税收征管GIS系统的数据共享和互操作性能,采用GIS企业级中间件与开放地理信息联盟(OGC)规范的GIS Web服务(GIServices)相互集成的方式,构建一种面向服务架构(SOA)的税收征管WebGIS系统(STAXGIS)。STAXGIS是一致性的业务模型和信息模型,通过GIS企业级中间件提供空间数据转换、税收业务处理与税收空间分析等高级服务功能,并采用GIServices提供税源查询与定位、税收专题分析、税务查询与申报等方面的信息服务。STAXGIS采用J2EE 4层框架(即数据层、应用服务层、Web服务层和客户层)实现其部署与分层管理,这与传统税收征管GIS系统相比,STAXGIS的征管效率和可扩展性大大提高。以福建省福州市为例的研究表明,STAXGIS可增强现有分散管理的异构税收征管GIS系统在分布式环境下的信息共享能力和互操作性,提高异构环境下税收征管空间分析的整体效率,并向各级税务管理部门提供直接或间接的决策支持。     

Sequence architecture and depositional evolution of the Late Miocene to quaternary northeastern shelf margin of the South China Sea

Based on an integrated analysis of seismic, well logging and paleontological data, the sequence architecture and depositional evolution of the northeastern shelf margin of the South China Sea since Late Miocene are documented. The slope deposits of the Late Miocene to Quaternary can be divided into two composite sequences (CS1 and CS2) bounded by regional unconformities with time spans of 3–7 Ma, and eight sequences defined by local unconformities or discontinuities with time spans of 0.8–2.3 Ma. Unconformities within CS1 feature shelf-edge channel erosion, while in CS2 they form truncations at the top of the shelf margin as prograding complexes and onlap contacts against the slope.Depositional systems recognized in the slope section include unidirectionally migrating slope channels, slope fans or aprons, shelf-edge deltas and large-scale slope clinoforms. CS1 (Late Miocene to Pliocene) is characterized by development of a series of shelf-margin channels and associated slope fan aprons. The shelf-margin channels, oriented mostly NW-SE, migrate unidirectionally northeastwards and intensively eroded almost the entire shelf-slope zone. Two types of channels have been identified: (1) broad, shallow and unconfined or partly confined outer-shelf to shelf-break channels; and (2) deeply incised and confined unidirectionally migrating slope channels. They might be formed by gravity flow erosion as bypassing channels and filled mostly with along-slope current deposits. Along the base of the shelf slope, a series of small-scale slope fans or fan aprons are identified, including three depositional paleo-geomorphological elements: (1) broad or U-shaped, unconfined erosional-depositional channels; (2) frontal splays-lobes; and (3) non-channelized sheets. CS2 (Quaternary) consists mainly of a set of high-angle clinoforms, shelf-margin deltas and lower slope unidirectionally migrating channels.The relative sea level changes reflected in the sequence architecture of the study area are basically consistent with Haq's global sea level curve, but the development of regional unconformities were apparently enhanced by tectonic uplift. The development of high-angle (thick) clinoforms in the Quaternary may be attributed to a high sediment supply rate and rapid tectonic subsidence. The formation of the unidirectionally migrating channels appears to have resulted from the combined effects of the northeastward South China Sea Warm Current (SCSWC) and downslope gravity flow. The formation of the slope channels in the outer-shelf to shelf-break zone may be predominately controlled by bottom current, whereas those developed along the middle to lower slope zone may be dominated by gravity flow.     

濮城油田沙三中6-10砂组高分辨率层序地层研究

研究了依据地层基准面原理进行开发调整阶段储层精细对比的方法,总结了地震、钻/测井基准面界面及地层响应特征和识别方法.以湖泛面为层序界面,在濮城油田沙三中6-10 油藏内识别出超短期、短期、中期和长期四级界面和基准面旋回,其中长期旋回相当于水下扇复合体,中期旋回相当于水下扇朵体,而短期旋回相当于水下扇叶体,短期旋回是油藏细分开发调整的最小单元.在原来5个砂组的基础上,经研究划分了6个中期旋回和27个短期旋回.在对断陷湖盆及水下扇形成的水动力过程分析的基础上,总结了水下扇形成过程中基准面旋回演化模式.     

松辽盆地东北缘晚白垩世地层结构、沉积充填及铀矿找矿方向

松辽盆地北部铀矿地质研究相对薄弱。本文利用岩心、测井资料,综合运用沉积学、盆地分析、砂岩型铀矿成矿理论,对松辽盆地东北隆起区内的沉积建造特征进行了系统梳理:(1)理清了松辽盆地东北隆起区盆缘的地层结构及含铀含氧水渗入窗口的时空分布特征,绥棱以北嫩江组以下地层整体为超覆结构,仅海伦隆起泉头组在盆缘具有削蚀结构从而具备渗入窗口;而绥棱以南的晚白垩世地层整体在盆缘都呈削蚀结构,均具备窗口。(2)研究区可识别出冲积扇、扇三角洲、曲流河、辫状河、三角洲、滩坝及半深湖—深湖相这7种沉积相类型;在海伦隆起、绥棱背斜、庆安隆起等不同构造单元具有不同的沉积充填样式。(3)探讨了松辽盆地东北隆起区砂岩型铀矿的主攻层位、找矿类型及找矿方向:庆安地区泉头组冲积扇扇中辫状河河道砂体是最有利的勘探对象,其次是铁力地区姚家组的扇三角洲砂体和海伦地区泉头组的辫状河河道砂体,最后是绥棱地区嫩一段的三角洲前缘砂体。该研究可为松辽盆地东北隆起区铀矿勘查突破提供新的找矿思路。     

南海西南海盆花岗岩的发现及其构造意义

在水深约2800m～4000m、地壳厚度大致为8-10km的南海西南海盆,广州海洋地质调查局1:100万海洋区域地质调查在3个测站拖网获得花岗岩和沉积－变质岩样品。经显微构造分析与鉴定,这3个测站的样品分别为细粒黑云母花岗岩、石英变沉积岩和花岗闪长岩。全岩Ar-Ar 和K-Ar同位素年龄测定1yDG测站细粒黑云母花岗岩年龄为109.7 Ma和114.2Ma,离子探针测出其锆石年龄为120Ma,证实该花岗岩石形成于早白垩世晚期,因而极有可能属于华南东部中生代花岗岩带的元素。以往有诸多学者认为南海西南海盆的形成是海底扩张所引起的,地壳性质属于洋壳。花岗岩的发现使西南海盆地壳属洋壳的认识受到严重挑战。     

Townscapes of power

From the 1850s onward, the quest for an impressive capital city was answered by Haussmann's transformation of central Paris. His interventions combined the cutting of new arteries, slum clearance and embellishment.His approach had a great visual impact on foreign visitors. The Prefect made use of the proven instruments of axiality and proportion to create an awe-inspiring townscape. One of the highlights was the new Opera. Its surroundings were razed to place it in a proper perspective.The townscape of Paris soon found its emulators in Brussels, Budapest and Rome, which copied Haussmann's strategy. London and Amsterdam were tempted to follow. But most plans for new boulevards and slum clearance failed. In both cities, central areas fell prey to commercial land use, pockmarked with slums. Civic pride did provide the ingredients deemed necessary for a capital. But these lacked the scenography to place them in a proper perspective.Such a scenography required political, financial and legal tools to intervene in the built environment that were available in nations with a centralist and authoritarian political system. They were absent in liberal laissez-faire and decentralist nations such as Great Britain and The Netherlands.The lack of powerful intervention in central London and Amsterdam caused a flight to the city's fringes, where estate owners occasionally realised suburban design gems. In their colonies, however, both nations succeeded in creating impressive new capitals. La beauté d'un monument public doit être une émanation éclatante et directe du génie vivant de tous, une profession de foi esthétique de la race. Aussi l'architecte n'est-il, par moments, que la trompette sonore dans laquelle passe le souffle puissant d'une nation; il résonne alors des vibrations qui sortent des poumons de tout un peuple César DALY, L' architecture privée au XIX^e siècle (sous Napoléon III). Nouvelles maisons de Paris et ses Environs. Paris, 1864–1872. Pp. 11–12.     

电力资源地理信息平台研究与实现

随着新时期智能电网建设不断发展,电力资源管理呈现一体化、资源互享特点,电力部门不断加强与其他行业数据共享与交换,同时需形成一套从数据采集、编辑、成图、检查、入库、更新、共享与交换等一体化长期有效更新机制保证电力数据现势性。基于面向服务的软件架构利用地理信息系统、移动网络、数据库等技术研发电力资源地理信息平台,实现不同终端用户对电力资源数据(输电、配电等)管理与应用,保证电力资源数据快速生产与建库,高效与国土、规划等部门数据共享,辅助相关部门的管理与决策,提升电网设施保护和安全管理水平。     

两种样本输入方式下基于GRNN的日长变化预报结果的比较

针对广义回归神经网络用于日长变化预报过程中,样本的输入方式对预报结果的影响进行了研究。采用2种输入方式:即样本按不同跨度输入以及按连续输入,对日长变化进行预报。最终证明不同的样本输入方式对日长变化预报精度的影响较大,样本按跨度输入在超短期预报中预报精度较高,样本采用连续输入的方式在短期和中期预报中预报精度较高。