Climatic forcing before,during, and after the 8.2 Kyr B.P. global cooling event

This paper attempts at full characterization of the unique global 8.2 Kyr B.P. cooling event. Significant atmospheric cooling started during 9.5–8.5 Kyr B.P. when the Sun was extremely quiet during three periods of ∼ 50–100 years. The flood of melt water in the N. Atlantic from glacial lakes during the demise of the Laurentide ice sheet, starting at ∼ 8.5 Kyr B.P., adds to the atmospheric cooling. Climatic forcing events occurred at 8.5 Kyr B.P., at 8.2 Kyr B.P. and finally at 8.06 Kyr B.P., leading to concurrent increases or decreases in the atmospheric Δ¹⁴C levels, completely consistent with the climatic forcing proposed here.     

Monitoring the three-dimensional ionospheric electron density distribution using GPS observations over China

In this paper, an IRI model assisted GPS-based Computerized Ionospheric Tomography (CIT) technique is developed to inverse the ionospheric electron density (IED) distribution over China. Essentially, an improved algebraic reconstruction technique (IART) is first proposed to reconstruct the ionospheric images with high resolution and high efficiency. A numerical experiment is used to validate the reliability of the method and its advantages to the classical algebraic reconstruction technique (ART). This is then used to reconstruct the IED images using the GPS data in China. The variations of the IED during magnetically quiet and disturbed days are reported and analyzed here. Reconstructed results during magnetically quiet days show some prominent ionospheric features such as the development of equatorial anomaly and the tilt of ionization crest. Meanwhile, ionospheric storm phase effects and disturbed features can also be revealed from the reconstructed IED image under storm conditions. Research shows that the positive storm phase effects usually happen in southern China, and the negative storm phase effects mainly occur in northern China. The equatorial anomaly crest moved to the north in the main phase of the storm. Ionosonde data recorded at Wuhan station provides the verification for the reliability of GPS-based CIT technique.     

应用天文学研究进展

对应用天文学涉及的领域以及国际上应用天文学的特点作了介绍，分析了我国应用天文学的研究现状，展示了我国在诮天文所依托的基础科学研究领域和应用天文学领域取得的成绩与进展，其涉及范围比较广泛，但也指出了与国际先进国家相比我国应用天文学的水平尚有差距，最后对我国应用天文发展提出了初步的构想。     

中国地图学史研究近况与发展设想

在 2 0世纪 90年代 ,中国地图学史研究取得了丰富的成果。中国测绘科学研究院等权威机构完成了“中华古地图珍品选集”等科研项目 ,出版了《中国古代地图集》、《舆图综录》等图籍和工具书 ,在古代地图与近代地图研究方面发表了若干著作和高水平研究论文。进入 2 0世纪的信息时代 ,中国地图史研究仍具有进一步发展的动力 ,在社会化信息传播等方面将取得引人瞩目的进展。     

浓集值在矿床预测中的应用

有用物质可否成为矿床,取决于某元素含量与最低工业品位的比值。使用浓集值可以预测和判定找矿矿种一成矿元素,发现新的矿产地。     

龙门县寒冷天气统计特征及其对人体舒适度的影响

根据龙门县1962—2012年逐日气象资料,采用线性回归、滑动平均、人体舒适度指数等方法,研究了龙门县寒冷天气统计特征及其对人体舒适度的影响。结果表明,近50年来龙门寒冷天气日数呈不显著减少趋势,减少速率每10年1.9 d,但近10年寒冷天气日数呈增加趋势。寒冷天气主要出现在12—2月,占全年的86.8%。寒冷天气可分阴冷寡照型、晴空辐射型、冷空气来袭型3种类型。部分橙色寒冷天气虽然早晚气温较低,人体感觉寒冷,但中午气温较高,人体感觉舒适;而黄色寒冷天气若为阴雨寡照型时,全天气温较低,人体感觉寒冷。     

突发性灾害事件应急服务策略

总结2011年4月17日气象应急服务过程的经验教训,分析了受灾人群的特点,从灾害预警的发布手段着手,探讨完善气象应急服务策略的方法及可行性,为更有效地做好气象应急服务提供参考。     

基于企业级地理信息系统服务平台的气象信息检索平台的设计与实现

为了改变气象信息服务方式,根据气象信息的特点,结合气象信息检索平台的要求,利用企业级地理信息系统服务平台技术,借助于J2EE开发平台和Flex技术,提出了基于B／S架构实现气象信息检索平台的构想,设计了系统的基本框架,功能和数据库,并且对其中的一些关键技术进行了详细介绍,如企业级地理信息系统服务平台的体系结构以及平台所用到的ESRI公司为应用开发者提供的框架flexview的整体结构,初始化过程等,最后根据设计原则对本气象信息检索平台进行了实现。     

HEATING DEGREE DAY RESEARCH IN ALBERTA: RESIDENTS CONSERVE NATURAL GAS

A high correlation exists between monthly population-weighted heating degree days (below 18C) and the use of natural gas per household for residential heating in Alberta for the period 1962–80. The use of natural gas for residential heating per household declines since 1973 following a sharp increase in gas prices.     

HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT: ACHIEVEMENTS, BENEFITS AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES FROM A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE

The past achievements, benefits and future opportunities of human spaceflight are discussed from a European perspective. Earlier work performed on the Skylab, Salyut, Shuttle, Spacelab, and Mir orbital facilities is reviewed, together with the prospects for new research on the International Space Station (ISS). Major scientific benefits are expected from the ISS in the areas of life science research (including human physiology and medicine) physical sciences, and fundamental physics.