基于DSM点云纠正的正射影像房屋边缘锯齿消除

当前无人机低空航空摄影测量生成的数字正射影像DOM中,房屋边缘大量存在锯齿失真的现象,严重影响了对影像建筑物的判读和提取,降低了无人机航测数字正射影像的使用效益。提出一种利用数字表面模型DSM点云数据,提取其房屋边缘,并进行规则化处理,然后在此基础上进行数字微分纠正,生成正射影像的方法。实验结果表明,利用该方法可有效防止数字正射影像中房屋边缘存在的锯齿失真现象。     

一种基于傅里叶变换的去假频内插方法及应用

道间插值方法在地震资料处理中具有十分重要的作用,而地震道空间内插所面临的主要问题是空间假频。基于对模型数据的二维谱特征分析,通过在频率-波数域进行简单的除法运算构造内插算子,给出了一种基于傅里叶变换的地震道空间内插方法,实现了去假频道间插值,并将其应用于垂直地震剖面(VSP)记录的空间内插,取得了满意的效果。由于该方法不需求解线性方程组,可使用快速傅里叶变换,因此具有简单、快速的特点。      

An anti-aliasing algorithm suitable to map publishing symbol

IntroductionIn computer graphics , displaying a continuousgraphic (e .g.straight line , broken line , Beziercurve and ellipse) onthe raster screen needs dis-cretizing the continuous graphic to match withthe discrete pixel of the screen. The informationdis…     

DESIGN OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL GLOBAL ADIABATIC SPECTRAL PRIMITIVE EQUATION MODEL

A three-dimensional(3D)global adiabatic spectral primitive equation model has beendesigned.The main features are as follows.(1)Adoption of spherical harmonics and Tschebyscheff polynomials as the basis functions inthe horizontal and vertical respectively,but the unknowns in the spectral equations are two-dimensional;(2)Inclusion of the tropopause,which may vary with time and space;(3)Suggestion of a spectral method for representing the vertical structure of the atmosphereapplicable to the unsmoothed profile case;(4)In consideration of nonlinear vertical aliasing a technique is proposed to avoid it andnonlinear computational instability.Based on real data forecasts up to 48 hours have been performed.The results show that thestatistical verifications with the model are superior on the average to those with the T42L9 usedoperationally before 1995 at NMC of China at the same mean resolution.     

TOPEX/POSEIDON高度计浅海潮汐混淆的初步分析

根据对卫星轨道特征和观测结果的分析,对TOPEX/POSEIDON(简称T/P)星载高度计在我国近海的潮致混淆现象进行了初步研究.分析表明,在浅海区T/P高度计的观测结果存在很强的潮致高频混淆.NASA分发的地球物理记录中所提供的潮汐订正值虽适用于大洋,但不能有效地除去浅海潮汐.虽然如此,T/P潮致混淆的主要频段的周期小于90d,因而可以通过滤波方法提取周期较长的海面高度季节信号,从而用于季节环流(如南海季风环流)的研究.采用FFT/IFFT方法滤波试验的结果显示,T/P的海面高度观测结果有很高的精度,滤波处理后的海面高度距平变化和地面潮位观测结果一致性良好,上、下行轨道交叉处相邻测点间的标准偏差在3cm左右,可满足南海环流研究的需要.     

Underestimation of roughness in rough rock joints

Numerous studies have been made to improve Barton's shear strength model for the quantification of rock joints. However, in these previous studies, the roughness and shear strength of the rock joint have been underestimated especially for relatively high undulated profiles (joint roughness coefficient (JRC) >14). The main factors of roughness underestimation in rough rock joints are investigated for the proper quantification of rock joint roughness. The aliasing effect and the roughness characteristics are analyzed by using artificial joint profiles and natural rock joint profiles. A 3D camera scanner is adopted to verify the main source of underestimation when using conventional measurement methods. Shear strength tests are carried out by using two types of shear apparatus to study the roughness mobilization characteristics, which may also affect the roughness underestimation. The results of joint roughness assessment, such as aliasing and undulation of waviness, show that the roughness can be underestimated in relatively rough joint profiles (JRC>14). At least two components of roughness parameters are needed to properly represent the joint roughness, for example, the amplitude and the inclination angle of joint asperity. Roughness mobilization is affected by both the normal stress and the asperity scale. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于压缩感知理论的缺失地震数据重构方法

压缩感知是一种新的理论,它打破常规尼奎斯特-香农采样定理的制约,利用信号的稀疏特性或可压缩特性,用较少的数据即可重构恢复完整的信号。建立了基于压缩感知理论的缺失地震数据重构模型。首先在与稀疏变换不相关的测量矩阵基础上引入一种约束矩阵,使地震数据的缺失满足或接近高斯随机分布;随机缺失的地震数据变换到稀疏域会产生很多与有效信号不相干的随机噪声,接着通过一种新的自适应阈值迭代算法可以很好地消除稀疏系数中的随机噪声干扰,经过逆稀疏变换即得到重构后的地震数据。Marmousi 2模型测试及实际地震资料处理均验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。重构缺失地震数据取得了较好的效果。     

小波包单子带重构提取GPS序列特征信息

GPS观测环境愈来愈复杂,动态观测值包含的影响因素较多,函数关系复杂,影响特征信息的提取和参数模型的解释能力.小波包具有良好的时频分析能力,利用小波包理论对GPS数据序列进行分解与重构过程中有三个基本运算：与小波滤波器卷积、隔点采样、隔点插零,该三项运算产生频率交错和频率折叠等频率混淆现象.为消除频率混淆现象,分解与重构时,每作一次信号与小波卷积后,将其结果作一次快速傅立叶变换,频谱中多余的频率成分的谱值置零,再对置零后的频谱进行傅立叶逆变换,然后继续进行小波包的分解与重构,从而实现单子带重构提取GPS数据序列特征项.通过实例验证了小波包单子带重构提取GPS特征信息的有效性.     

一种适合于地图出版符号的反走样算法研究

在分析现有反走样算法的基础上,提出了一种适合于地图出版符号的反走样算法———“刷子法”,并通过实验对该方法的反走样效果和效率进行了全面评估。