航空数字摄影测量传感器系统新进展

近些年来,随着数字成像技术的快速发展,大幅面框幅式数字航空成像系统和机载三线阵成像系统正得到迅速推广和应用,本文根据数字成像系统的新特点及国内外主要研究方向,参考第21届国际摄影测量与遥感大会中关于该专题的49篇文章,对航空数字成像系统的数据处理与系统集成、Leica ADS40系统、VEXCEL/Microsoft UltraCamD/UltraCamX系统、Intergraph DMC系统、无人机（UAV）数字航空成像系统等研究方向进行了总结。     

基于少量地面控制的航空重力测量

提出6种少量地面重力测量布设方案和4种基于少量地面控制的航空重力测量数据处理方法,建立基于最小二乘配置的格网平均重力异常的融合模型,有效地估计出了航空重力数据可能存在的系统偏差,提高了格网数据的质量。     

航空矢量重力测量中载体加速度矢量的确定

首先推导了当采用相位时序差分法时利用双差观测量确定载体加速度的数学模型,理论上分析了加速度的确定精度。然后应用CHAGS的试验数据,分析出静态测量和动态测量时加速度矢量的确定精度可以达到亚毫伽级,与理论上的分析一致。可见,完全能够满足航空矢量重力测量的精度要求。     

LaCoste&Romberg���������ǵĸ�ֵ�궨

LaCoste&Romberg?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Ч???????????????????????????????????????????????ο????????????С?1??10 ^-5 ms ^-2??     

航空伽马能谱测量在浅覆盖区 地质填图单元划分中的应用

不同岩性的岩石,其放射性元素U、Th和K的含量不同,即使是同一岩性的岩石,由于成因不同,形成年代不同,地质演化过程不同,其放射性元素含量也不同.笔者根据放射性元素在岩石中分布的这个特点,利用航空伽马能谱测量数据,采用多元统计分析方法,对航空伽马能谱测量数据进行分析,并作出动态聚类图,然后再与已有的地质图对比,分析各种岩性放射性元素U、Th和K的含量,为该地区进行下一步地质工作提供依据.     

内蒙古查干诺尔地区HF-3号航空放射性异常铀矿化的基本特征

HF-3号航放异常位于内蒙古查干诺尔乡附近，其大地构造位置处于二连盆地苏尼特隆起与滕格尔坳陷的过渡地带。异常地段出露的地层为新近系的中新统汗诺坝组，经浅井工程的重新揭露，初步查明该异常浅部铀矿化具多层性、连续性、稳定性及原生和后生再富集等复式成因特征，基本上掌握了其矿化的控制因素及形成条件，深化了对该异常的认识与评价。     

Cross-Coupling Correction for LaCoste ＆ Romberg Airborne Gravimeter

Abstract The cross-coupling corrections for the LaCoste ＆ Romberg airborne gravimeter are computed as a linear combination of 5 so-called cross-coupling monitors. The weight factors （coefficients） determined from marine gravity data by the factory are obviously not optimal for airborne application. These coefficients are recalibrated by minimizing the difference between airborne data and upward continued surface data （external calibration） and by minimizing the errors at line crossings （internal calibration） respectively. An integrating method to recalibrate the above-mentioned coefficients and the beam scale factor simultaneously is also presented. Experimental results show that the systemic errors in the airborne gravity anomalies can be greatly reduced by using any of the recalibrated coefficients. For example, the systemic error is reduced from 4.8 mGal to 1.8 mGal in Datong test.     

L&R航空重力仪的水平加速度改正

L&R(LaCoste&Romberg)航空重力仪是我国首套航空重力测量系统的核心,主要由高精度的垂直加速度计和稳定平台组成。前者用于测量总加速度,后者使加速度计保持精确的垂直指向。飞行测量时,由于水平加速度的存在,稳定平台难以精确维持水平从而使加速度计偏离正确指向,由此产生了水平加速度改正。介绍了水平加速度计算的两种基本方法,即两步法与一步法,从理论上导出了其在平台倾角较小情况下的等价性。为有效地减弱因水平加速度改正不完善产生的系统性误差,提出了水平加速度改正的预滤波方法。通过平台倾角的谱分析,确定了预滤波尺度,即采用与平台稳定周期相当的低通滤波器进行预滤波。最后利用实测数据对此进行了验证和分析。结果表明,利用预滤波尺度,航空重力测量值与地面向上延拓参考值的系统差由5×10-5m.s-2减小至0.5×10-5m.s-2。     

Geophysical Field Pattern in The West Bohemian Geodynamic Active Area

Regional geophysical data from detailed gravity survey, airborne magnetometry and gamma-ray spectrometry were analysed in order to determine the subsurface extent of contrasting geological bodies and to highlight subtle anomalies which can be related to the occurrence of earthquake swarms. Potential field data were compiled into contour and colour-shaded relief maps suitable for detecting structural tectonic elements. A shaded relief map of the horizontal gradient of gravity was used to detect considerable structural and tectonic features. The results of airborne gamma-ray spectrometry, showing the regional total gamma-ray activity, abundance of uranium, thorium and potassium, were included in this study. Only the two most instructive maps – the total gamma-ray activity and the abundance of potassium are shown. The main line of epicentres Nový Kostel – Poátky coincides well with the N-S configuration of abundances of these natural radioactive elements. The epicentres of micro-earthquakes detected by the local seismological network KRASLICE for the 1991 to 1998 period were plotted in the geophysical maps. The hypocentres of earthquakes in the main epicentral zone at Nový Kostel were projected onto the crustal density model based on the interpretation of seismic reflection profile 9HR and gravity data. The average distance between the Nový Kostel epicentral zone and the seismic profile was 4-5 km. Based on the interpretation of gravity data the hypocentres of the main epicentral zone seem to be associated with the western margin of the Eibenstock - Nejdek (Karlovy Vary) Pluton and, beside that, they follow the depth level where the allochthonnous part of the Saxothuringian Zone is thrust over the European parautochton. A drawing of the geodynamic model of the area is also shown.     

The confidence evaluation for airborne GPS data

l lntroductionIn the winter Of l989 Wuhan Technical Universi-ty of Surveying and Mapping COntracted withTrimble Navigation Ltd. to purchase fOur TrimbIe4000SST receivers. They were required tO suit theaeriaI phWetric work without intreducing avelocity limitation. In February, l993 twO of thereceivers were uPgraded to provide two eventrnarker plugfords and one pulse Per second(lPPS) output axkets. The uPgradd receivers canincormrate external event markers, e. g. the shutter.oPening …