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藏南白垩系黑-红层沉积岩有机质组成分布特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对藏南江孜县床得剖面白垩系黑层和红层沉积岩进行的有机地球化学研究表明,黑层有机碳含量高于红层5~10倍,红层和黑层饱和烃主峰碳数分别为nC25和nC23;黑层和红层沉积有机质的母质来源都以水生植物和菌藻类等低等生物为主,陆源有机质的输入非常有限;但饱和烃的分布和主峰碳数的差异可能反映了有机母源物质在种群方面的差异,而这种差异可能主要是水体温度存在差异造成的,即红层发育时期水体温度可能高于黑层沉积时期.而在高温度条件下,水生生物和陆生植物的生长发育受到限制,造成原始有机质产率和有机质沉积保存量低可能是红层沉积岩形成的主要原因. 相似文献
24.
A. Wendy Russell 《Geoforum》2008,39(1):213-222
In this paper, I argue that genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have inherent potential to contribute to socially and environmentally sustainable agriculture by virtue of their ‘biological embeddedness’. Their actual ‘performance’ and how this contributes to sustainability depends on the ‘mutual shaping’ of technology and context. While much attention has been given to the design context of GMOs, this paper considers the influence of the application context and of users. A case study investigating the use of insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant GM cotton in the cotton-growing region of New South Wales in Australia is presented. The study was based on focus groups with farmers and other stakeholders in a cotton-growing community. It demonstrated a range of direct and indirect effects of GM cotton use, both positive and negative for sustainability, and the ways in which these effects were influenced by the local social context. The influences of the biotechnology industry context, in limiting the contributions that gene technologies can make to sustainability, were also considered, and remedies suggested. I argue that the polarity of the GM debate is hindering progress on these issues, and that a more balanced approach to our analysis of GMOs is necessary in order to fully understand, and to influence, their role in the future of rural spaces. 相似文献
25.
Greening as strategic development in industrial change - Why companies participate in eco-networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Eckhard Störmer 《Geoforum》2008,39(1):32-47
Networking between companies and other regional key actors has grown into a widespread instrument for economic development since the 1990s. Participatory networks have formed the concept for many activities of Local Agenda 21. Simultaneously, economic geography has focused on network theories to explain innovation in and the economic success of regions.This article focuses on the reasons why individual actors participate in environmentally oriented information networks. The questions approached are: Does the concept of learning within networks influence a firm’s development? How do the participants interact with each other? What effects do the networks have on their environment (arenas)?The changing arenas of a firm are analysed with regard to environmental concerns. These changes need to be anticipated for reliable strategies. To gain information and knowledge about current behaviour and activities, the functions of networks as learning platforms are discussed. Drawing upon arguments from different network theories, the motivations of participating in a network are threefold: actor and firm oriented, network internal (inter-firm), and network external. From these, a generic target cube of network motivations and actions is set up.The concept is reviewed by examining 12 ‘regional environmental information-oriented corporation networks’ (RUN) in the Greater Munich Area. The empirical material reveals that this type of network does not provide a guarantee for significant improvements in a firm’s environmental behaviour. However, participants learn about best practices while pursuing explicit or implicit aims as to influence their arenas. 相似文献
26.
Two algorithms for in-situ detection and identification of vertical free convective and double-diffusive flows in groundwater
monitoring wells or boreholes are proposed. With one algorithm the causes (driving forces) and with the other one the effects
(convection or double-diffusion) of vertical transport processes can be detected based on geophysical borehole measurements
in the water column. Five density-driven flow processes are identified: thermal, solutal, and thermosolutal convection leading
to an equalization, as well as saltfingers and diffusive layering leading to an intensification of a vertical density gradient.
The occurrence of density-driven transport processes could be proven in many groundwater monitoring wells and boreholes; especially
shallow sections of boreholes or groundwater monitoring wells are affected dramatically by such vertical flows. Deep sections
are also impaired as the critical threshold for the onset of a density-driven flow is considerably low. In monitoring wells
or boreholes, several sections with different types of density-driven vertical flows may exist at the same time. Results from
experimental investigations in a medium-scale testing facility with high aspect ratio (height/radius = 19) and from numerical
modeling of a water column agree well with paramters of in-situ detected convection cells. 相似文献
27.
Alessandro Tarantino Andrew M. Ridley David G. Toll 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2008,26(6):751-782
This paper presents a review of techniques for field measurement of suction, water content, and water hydraulic conductivity
(permeability). Main problems in the use of field tensiometers are addressed and hints on how to improve tensiometer performance
are given. Advantages and limitations of instruments for indirect measurement of suction including electrical conductivity
sensors, thermal conductivity sensors, dielectric permittivity sensors, filter paper, and psychrometer are discussed. Techniques
for water content measurement based on dielectric methods are then presented. These include time and amplitude domain reflectometry
and capacitance. Finally, a brief overview of methods for measurement of water permeability in the field is presented. 相似文献
28.
生基包滑坡监测属于三峡库区奉节县三期地质灾害监测预警项目之一,该滑坡位于长江左岸,临近人口稠密的安坪乡集镇,地理位置重要。三峡水库175 m蓄水后,其变形破坏特征有何表现?对航道安全运营有无潜在威胁?是否会对滑坡体上的重要建筑及村民生产生活构成危害?针对这些问题,首先分析了滑坡的工程地质特征及主要的影响因素;其次,确立以4种监测手段为主、人工巡查为辅的监测方案;通过对大地变形GPS、深部位移、滑坡推力等几种监测方法的运用及对其成果进行分析研究,以实例说明其在滑坡监测中的应用;再次,结合宏观人工巡查进行对照分析,以充分说明大地变形、深部位移和滑坡推力监测在实际运用中的可行性;最后,根据监测结论提出对生基包滑坡防治的建议。 相似文献
29.
从混凝土管材的选定、工作坑的设计及施工、顶管顶进中若干关键问题入手,介绍了手掘式顶管施工技术在成都市中心城水环境综合整治工程G标段管道排水工程中的应用。 相似文献
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