Optical measurement in the middle atmosphere

The various measurement techniques and general problems in remote orin situ optical measurement of atmospheric minor gases are described.     

Laboratory simulation of salt weathering processes in arid environments

The equipment and techniques being used at Bedford College, London to simulate salt weathering processes in deserts are described in the context of a general discussion of the nature of salt weathering processes and approaches to studying them. An experiment based on the equipment and techniques is described: it is designed to test the durability of three building stones in the presence of several different saline solutions under conditions of surface temperature and relative humidity that are considered typical of hot deserts. The experiment, the first of a series, shows that Na₂SO₄ is the most effective of the salts used, and that susceptibility of the rocks to weathering is related to such rock properties as porosity, microporosity and water absorption capacity.     

The structure of the equatorial mesosphere at Thumba

The structure of the equatorial mesosphere is being investigated at Thumba by rocket borne ultraviolet absorption photometry as well as by the meteorological M-100 rocket launching programme. Whereas the meteorological M-100 rocket luanching programme has been regular, the UV absorption studies have been few in number and sporadic in nature. In this paper an attempt is made to consolidate the results so far obtained from both these investigations.     

Measurement of atmospheric total ozone by the filter photometric method

The total ozone content in the atmosphere was determined from the multichannel photometer observations of direct solar radiation made in the urban environment at Pune (18° 32 N, 73° 51E, 559 m ASL) and Sinhagad hill station (18° 22N, 73° 45E, 1305 m ASL) during March 1980-February 1982. The total ozone content of the atmosphere was computed making use of the differential absorption of solar radiation due to ozone at 0.4 and 0.6 m wavelengths in the Chappuis band. The values of the ozone data obtained from the photometer observations at Pune and Sinhagad were compared with the corresponding ozone data obtained from the Dobson spectrophotometer located at Pune. Values of ozone obtained by the photometric method were found to be smaller by 8–18% than the Dobson values when Vigroux's absorption coefficients were used. Similarly, when the absorption coefficients of Inn and Tanaka (1953) were used, the ozone values obtained by the photometric method were smaller by 4–14% than the Dobson values. The ozone values at the hill station obtained from the photometric method were in better agreement (5%) with the Dobson values.     

细菌富集金的实验及其地球化学意义

细菌富集金的实验表明，细菌具有强烈富集金的能力，起到了海水中微量金捕集器的作用。细菌富集金有吸附和吸收两种形式。吸附是指金被细胞壁分泌的氨基酸等有机物吸附在生物体外；吸收是指金进入生物体内，可能与蛋白质的巯基相结合。细菌是自然界生活力，繁殖力极强，生物产量巨大的微生物。     

矿物,岩石对纳米金吸附作用的实验研究

以实验方法配制成了纳米级大小的微粒金，使存在于溶液中，并加以保护，以免纳米微粒金自动凝聚长大，在此基础上，用各种矿物和岩石进行吸附实验研究，实验结果表明，不同的矿物和岩石对纳米金的吸附性能不同。     

镓的原子吸收光谱分析进展

文章对近年来用原子吸收光谱法测定镓进行了总结评述。重点介绍了用电热原子吸收法测Ｇａ时，基体改进剂、进样方式以及预富集技术对提高方法灵敏度的作用。引用主要文献３８篇。     

用X射线荧光方法测定薄层、镀层和涂层厚度

本文提出用特征 X射线的发射和吸收来测定薄层或表面涂层的厚度。从理论上解决了最佳能量的选择问题 ,使薄层厚度测定的检出下限大幅度优化。并通过实践证明了方法的可靠性和实用性     

磷酸三丁酯醋酸纤维富集－火焰原子吸收法测定地质样品中痕量金

在５％～４０％王水介质中，用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）－醋酸纤维吸附富集Ａｕ，被吸附的Ａｕ用热硫脲溶液解脱，火焰原子吸收法测定。Ａｕ的回收率大于９８％，方法简便快速，经地质标样分析验证结果可靠。     

一种新型熏力分相器在流动注射液-液萃取原子吸收间接测定硝酸根的应用

本文应用一种新型的四通道重力分相器，通过实验，选定了流动注射液-液萃取原子吸收间接测定硝酸根的最佳化学条件和仪器参数，方法的精密度RSD和检出限分别是为1.85%(0.25mg/L,n=10)和0.0028mg/L，测定速度为25样/h，用本系统测定水样中的硝酸根和亚硝酸根，加标回收率为100%-110%。