九江地区盛夏雷雨大风预报方法

通过天气形势分型、数值预告产品释用,建立了盛夏雷雨大风综合预报方程。结果表明,利用综合预报方程对雷雨大风进行预报,其准确率有较明显的提高。     

用主动调频质量阻尼器控制高层建筑的风致振动

本文提出了用于高层建筑风振动控制的主动调频质量阻尼器（ＡＴＭＤ）设计的一种简单方法。从ＴＭＤ的工作原理出发,在物理意义上显式定义主动控制力的构成,基于结构的ＳＤＯＦ模型和广义脉动风力的高斯白噪声假定,在频域的以最小化结构顶层位移方差为设计目标,对控制力增益进行参数优化,得出控制力增益的封闭解,文中提出了以维持ＴＭＤ行程恒定为目标进行参数选择的设计方案,一超高层建筑作为算例给出,数值分析表明,所设计     

由单Doppler雷达资料反演水平风场的简单共轭函数方法的改进方案

该文改进了Qiu和Xu提出的由单个Doppler雷达探测的资料反演水平风场的简单共轭（simple adjoint）函数方法。其基本做法是将控制方程中的状态变量改用其时间距平量代替，并加入一待反演的方程误差项。利用1988年夏季在美国丹佛机场所作的一次下击暴流的双Doppler雷达观测试验资料对新方法作了检验，结果表明其对反演结果的改善是显著的。     

新疆水土流失对农牧业的危害及防治对策

新疆山地坡残积层分布广泛，平 原第四系堆积发育；降集中于山地，夏季暴雨频发；暴雨隔雪洪流往往造成严重水土流失。水土流失对农业造成的直接经济损 失，表现在土以力下降，农徼业减产减产减收。     

福州风向变化与应用

本文分析了福州风向的季节变化和２４小时风向的日变化，并按海陆风定义分析各月海陆风出现日数以及各月海陆风出现时刻，并根据风向风速资料计算了四季和全年各方位的污染系数，提出了福州工业区和居民区设置最佳方位。     

用风洞实验方法计算土壤风蚀量的时距问题

通过对延津县沙质壤土原状土进行风蚀风洞模拟实验，探讨了土壤风蚀量计算中的时距问题。结果表明，前人使用“风蚀模数”概念来计算土壤风蚀量会导致较大误差，原因在于同一风蚀事件中单位时间内的风蚀量随吹蚀时间的延续而递减，在风洞实验计算风蚀量时使用“累积风蚀量”概念将会有更精确的结果。     

关于低纬边界层顶垂直速度的计算

提出了一个由低纬地（海）面风计算边辊层顶垂直速度的方法，得到了低纬边界层顶生趣速度的一些特征，指出了惯性项及β效应的重要作用。     

垂直切变风场中声重波的谱传播

本文研究声重波在垂直切变风场中传播时谱结构的改变。根据可压缩情况下的流体力学方程组,导出垂直切变风场中大气声重波的谱方程。并指出,这个谱方程是Taylor-Goldstein方程在可压缩和任意垂直波长情况下的推广。由谱方程出发,考虑低边界上的声重波强迫为高斯谱型,采用差分方法,我们计算了ω-K_H二维空间中的高层谱响应。结果表明,在具有垂直切变的背景风场作用下,声重波的谱结构发生了改变:1.在原强迫谱所覆盖的谱区段内,一些谱成份被挖除,形成了尖锐的谱峰群;2.最大谱峰发生了偏移;3.波谱变得狭窄。这些变化是垂直切变风场对声重波谱滤波的结果。文中还将上述结论与电离层观测结果进行比较,解释了某些观测现象。     

Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Wind Streaks on Mars

Wind streaks with two-dimensional plane shapes are a collective term for a variety of aeolian features that display distinctive albedo surface patterns and they do not have three-dimensional shape. Wind streaks are widely distributed on Mars， and are good proxy indicators of the surface wind regime， and even of global circulation patterns on Mars. However， the study on wind streaks has been largely ignored for a long time. Based on published studies， this paper summarized the types， morphology and formation mechanism of wind streaks. According to the relationship between albedo and obstacles， wind streaks can be divided into six basic types： bright wind streaks， dark wind streaks， mixed-tone wind streaks， splotches and related wind streaks， dune shadow wind streaks and frost wind streaks， of which the bright and dark streaks are the most common and representative， for they are the most abundant types of variable features on Mars. Wind streaks are primarily distributed in the latitudinal zone between 60°S and 60°N with little difference among different types， and they have many shapes such as tapered， fan， oval and parallel shapes due to the diverse obstacles. Considering the relationship between sediment characteristics and aeolian erosion and deposition， bright wind streaks are generally depositional with a consensus and dark streaks are erosional with a controversy. In the absence of Martian meteorological observation data， the retrieval of surface wind regime based on the orientation of wind streaks has good reliability， which helps to understand the modifications of Martian surfaces by wind in the geological context.     

A Note on a Parameterization of the Sea Drag

A new parameterization of the sea drag is based on a wind-over-wavescoupling theory. The parameterization accounts for the wind speed, wave ageand finite depth dependencies of the sea drag. The latter two are introducedthrough the integral parameters of the wind-wave field: the dominant waveheight and the wavenumber at the spectral peak, and the water depth. Theparameterization is checked against the wind-over-waves model results andtwo field datasets obtained in a wide range of the wind speed and wave age.The comparison is encouraging. The parameterization is aimed for use inoperational ocean-state and atmosphere models.