Spatio-temporal evaluation matrices for geospatial data

The global geospatial community is investing substantial effort in providing tools for geospatial data-quality information analysis and systematizing the criteria for geospatial data quality. The importance of these activities is increasing, especially in the last decade, which has witnessed an enormous expansion of geospatial data use in general and especially among mass users. Although geospatial data producers are striving to define and present data-quality standards to users and users increasingly need to assess the fitness for use of the data, the success of these activities is still far from what is expected or required. As a consequence, neglect or misunderstanding of data quality among users results in misuse or risks. This paper presents an aid in spatio-temporal quality evaluation through the use of spatio-temporal evaluation matrices (STEM) and the index of spatio-temporal anticipations (INSTANT) matrices. With the help of these two simple tools, geospatial data producers can systematically categorize and visualize the granularity of their spatio-temporal data, and users can present their requirements in the same way using business intelligence principles and a Web 2.0 approach. The basic principles and some examples are presented in the paper, and potential further applied research activities are briefly described.     

Surfer软件在卤水储量计算及可视化中的应用简介

作为一种宝贵的液态矿产,卤水的用途广泛。卤水具有流动性、不可再生性及贮存空间是孔隙介质而非整个地层空间的特殊性,其资源量应按液态卤水资源和固态矿物资源两部分计算。介绍了基于Surfer的网格法储量计算方法,卤水资源储量计算模型及其三维可视化模型的建立,为卤水资源储量计算提供了一种更为直观、快捷的方法。     

An integrated TIN and Grid method for constructing multi‐resolution digital terrain models

Multi‐resolution terrain models are an efficient approach to improve the speed of three‐dimensional (3D) visualizations, especially for terrain visualization in Geographical Information Systems (GIS). As a further development to existing algorithms and models, a new model is proposed for the construction of multi‐resolution terrain models in a 3D GIS. The new model represents multi‐resolution terrains using two major methods for terrain representation: Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) and regular grid (Grid). In this paper, first, the concepts and formal definitions of the new model are presented. Second, the methodology for constructing multi‐resolution terrain models based on the new model is proposed. Third, the error of multi‐resolution terrain models is analysed, and a set of rules is proposed to retain the important features (e.g. boundaries of man‐made objects) within the multi‐resolution terrain models. Finally, several experiments are undertaken to test the performance of the new model. The experimental results demonstrate that the new model can be applied to construct multi‐resolution terrain models with good performance in terms of time cost and maintenance of the important features. Furthermore, a comparison with previous algorithms/models shows that the speed of rendering for 3D walking/flying through has been greatly improved by applying the new model.     

运维数据可视化展示平台的设计与实现

运维数据可视化展示是基于HTML5技术和可视化技术,通过对运行监控、资源状况、气象数据全流程等多维数据实时展示,形成可视化展示大屏,实现多源异构数据整合和实时呈现运维数据,增强基础资源利用效率,为决策分析提供不同维度的运维数据关系。     

Empirical testing of the visualizations of climate change mitigation scenarios with citizens: A comparison among Germany,Poland, and France

While scenarios are used extensively for communication about climate change mitigation, little is known about the interpretation of these scenarios by citizens. We conducted a cross-country empirical evaluation of scenario visualizations for global mitigation, using online surveys in Germany (N = 379), Poland (N = 223), and France (N = 225). Each respondent received visualizations of the required changes in global carbon dioxide emissions and composition of electricity supply (fossil fuels, nuclear, and renewable sources) for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C. We evaluated the effects of respondents’ demographics, prior beliefs, numeracy, and graph literacy on the reading accuracy and knowledge gains from the visualizations. We also included an experimental between-groups design on visualization format, where four groups received different graph formats (steep or gradual graphs with depictions of uncertainty ranges or scenario ensembles) and the fifth group received a table. Results showed that higher education level, numeracy, and graph literacy increased reading accuracy in all countries, while age reduced them. Respondents with prior beliefs about climate change mitigation that matched the information in the visualizations had also higher reading accuracy and knowledge gains. While the effects of different visualization formats were comparatively minor, customizing formats according to demographic and country differences was used to reduce adverse effects from these differences. These results emphasize the need to design visualizations that match characteristics of the intended audience and could inform better communication of climate change mitigation scenarios to non-expert audience.     

遥感图像面状目标识别的智能可视化模型

建立实用的遥感图像分析系统涉及诸多因素，其中，形成有效的目标提取算法体系和设立适于目前人工智能水平的基于知识的框架是两个核心问题。本文提出了一种利用对光谱特征空间分布进行可视化图形处理的新的分类方案，继而以光谱、纹理和空间知识对分类结果进行优化。这种集可视化分析、栅格ＧＩＳ处理功能和人类判读专家知识于一体的系统为解决遥感图像地物识别这一复杂问题提供了有效途径。     

数字三维地形技术

数字摄影测量学与现代信息科学的结合产生了数字三维地形技术，使人们能够借助计算机技术在三度空间完成对地形形态数字化的真实描述。获取数字三维地形成果主要涉及数据源、采集模式和生产流程3个方面。可视化与虚拟现实技术数字三维地形成果具有真实的效果和强烈的临场感。查询、分析、仿真等功能的实现使数字三维地形技术有广泛的应用价值。     

基于IDL和Java混编的地震前兆流体数据分析系统

依据流体学科组运行管理的相关技术要求和数字化流体工作需求,研发基于IDL和Java混编的地震前兆流体数据分析系统。该系统采用JAVA和IDL混合编程方式研发,具有安全、高效、稳定等特点,可以有效解决目前流体数据处理中存在的一些问题,提高工作效率和质量,具有良好实用价值。     

地质三维体重构的算法研究及其计算机实现

三维空间建模和可视化技术成为GIS研究的热点之一。可视化技术是当今表达和分析复杂数据的有力工具,将可视化技术引入到DEM和三维地质模型,可以实现三维地形和地质体的生成与仿真。简要介绍了OpenGL三维图形工具包及其与高级语言结合编程方法,探讨了基于多轮廓线的地质三维体的建模方法,以VC++6.0高级程序设计语言为开发平台,结合OpenGL图形库,开发了地质三维体的建模实验系统。