Data Assimilation and Three-dimensional Visualization of Lithospheric Structures of the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Various three-dimensional (3D) geophysical and geological data are increasingly available with the advanced technology in the recent years. New challenges emerge frequently in visualizing 3D data due to data variety and the specific display requirement. In this study, we presented a solution of the data assimilation and visualization of lithospheric structures in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Three typical datasets were assimilated in the model: ①seismic velocity to the depth of 100 km, ②fault geometry in the upper-and mid-crust and ③topographical data on the surface. The S and P wave velocities in the study area obtained from a high-density portable seismic array were interpolated into regular blocks of the size of 1 km×1 km×2 km and written in RAW format. The major active faults were digitalized and their 3D geometry was generalized by using striking and trending angles, and then organized into unstructured VTK format. The surface topographical DEM data were also converted into unstructured VTK format. In order to integrate and visualize the data, an open source multi-platform software package Paraview was used. It offered various visualization schemes; in particular, volume rendering technique provided stunning static/dynamic images of the structures and highlighted the anomalies in the 3D space. This solution can be applied to other types of 3D geophysical and geological data.     

Visualizing complex pore structure and fluid flow in porous media using 3D printing technology and LBM simulation

Pore structures of porous media and properties of fluid flow are key factors for the study of non-Darcy groundwater flow. However, it is difficult to directly observe pore structures and flow properties, resulting in a “black box” problem of porous media. This problem has hindered the in-depth study of the groundwater flow mechanism at the pore scale. In recent years, 3D rapid prototyping technology has seen tremendous development. 3D printing provides digital models and printing models of porous media with clear internal structure. Thus, Lattice Boltzmann Method can be used to simulate the flow processes at the pore scale based on real pore structures. In this study, 3D printing cores and Lattice Boltzmann Method were coupled to conduct both laboratory and numerical experiments in spherical porous media with different sphere diameters and periodic arrays. The LBM simulation results show a good agreement with laboratory experimental results. With the advantages of LBM and 3D printing, this approach provides a visualization of the complex pore structure and fluid flow in pores, which is a promising method for studies of non-Darcy groundwater flow at the pore scale.     

多媒体电子地图的可视化表达技术

电子地图作为现代信息技术条件下的一种新型地图图种,其核心是地理信息的屏幕可视化表达.多媒体电子地图将多媒体技术与电子地图结合起来,丰富了电子地图的内容.本文主要介绍了多媒体电子地图的数据构成及其可视化表达方法,并在南京多媒体电子地图试验系统中进行了初步的应用.     

Mobile GIS中地理信息的表达及其可视化

本文介绍了目前GIS领域的通用交流语言——地理标记语言GML，该语言对实现地理空间数据的网上共享具有很重要的作用。本文采用GML来实现Mobile GIS多源数据的统一表达，提出了“有线下载，无线服务”模式下基于SVG的GML可视化策略，并给出了进一步优化方案。由于SVG在矢量图形表达方面所具有的种种优势，使基于SVG的解决方案具有很好的应用前景。     

Bibliometric Analysis of Sustainable Livelihoods Research in China

The Sustainable Livelihoods (SLs) is a significant subject and concept within the sustainable development research and it also has the potential to deal with the fundamental challenge in terms of inequalities between inter-generation and intra-generation, now and in the future. This paper adopted bibliometrics to conduct the quantitative analysis of the development, hot topics, and collaboration network in terms of SLs researches. Moreover, the analyzed parameters included publication output, distribution of publications by authors and organizations, subject classification of publication, etc. Some 809 papers were analyzed on various aspects of publication, and the results show that publication output has increased promptly over the past two decades; however, the cooperation network among different organizations and authors on the topic of SLs has not been closely linked. The hot topics of SLs involve three categories, which are ①theoretical research in terms of sustainable livelihoods; ②the research on livelihood strategy (problem-orientated); ③the research of ecological vulnerability. It is important for Chinese scholars to continue the future SLs researches in accordance with the strategy of target poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. Additionally, it is also vital to broaden the theoretical horizons by transitioning from the research on agricultural economy to the exploration of relationship of SLs-ecological environment, SLs-biodiversity, SLs-climate change and adaptation, SLs-human capital development, etc.; to strengthen the academic cooperation and exchanges; to innovate research approach; to improve both quantity and quality of research output for the purpose of providing long-term and scientific decision for the decision makers.     

地质特征三维分析及三维地质模拟现状研究

自然地质现象极其复杂，三维实体普遍存在，随着地学研究不断深入，三维地质模拟已引起了地球科学界的高度重视，目前已经研制出了多种三维地质模拟软件，并被广泛应用到地质、矿产、水文、物探、地震、环境等各个领域。从地质体结构、构造、类型、分布等方面，系统地分析了地质体三维特征，总结了国内外三维地质模拟软件在地质构造、地质工程、矿山测量、地球物理等方面的开发现状，指出三维地质模拟在软件开发方面存在的问题及在地质数据采集、处理、解释、利用方面所面临的困难，并从三维空间数据结构、技术方法、应用研究等方面阐述了三维地质模拟新进展，最后论述了开展三维地质模拟的意义。     

基于GIS的闪电数据可视化监测与统计分析系统

基于ArcEngine开发平台,结合大型网络数据库sqlServer2005,设计并实现了基于GIS的闪电数据可视化监测与统计分析系统.有效地将闪电数据与GIS平台进行无缝对接,实现其相关数据管理、查询以及时空统计分析等功能,为气象部门进行有效的雷电灾害监测,更好地掌握雷电发生的规律提供有利的可视化平台,同时也为GIS与气象专业领域的结合进行了有益的探索.     

地理空间数据的可视化

可视化是在数字化的背景中产生的,其作用是在人机交互的情况下发挥人脑有形象思维功能。地图本身是可视化的产品,并在发展过程中形成了一系列的理论与方法,这些都自然地会成了地理空间数据可视化技术的基础。地图学也因可视化方法的提出而获得新的动力。ＧＩＳ也因可视化的支持而为研究者提供了保使逻辑思维与形象思维相结合的认识工具。     

基于三棱柱体的三维地质体可视化研究

三维可视化技术能形象表达地层信息的真实形态及构造要素的空间关系而应用广泛,建立了一种以三棱柱体作为基本体元来实现三维地质体可视化的方法,该方法通过对三角形的自分解并且充分考虑地质体内所存在的断层等地质现象,在引入虚拟钻孔的基础上,建立三维模型,该模型通过自分解而实现地质体内部信息的显示,最后用实际资料进行了验证。