中国虚拟天文台体系结构

虚拟天文台是天文技术和信息技术结合的产物，其体系结构体现着与最新信息技术的结合。本文首先介绍虚拟天文台的工作流程和原理，进而介绍了虚拟天文台体系结构研究的最新进展。以网格技术为基础，给出了中国虚拟天文台的层次式体系结构和服务式体系结构。     

基于OpenGL的3维虚拟林相研究

本文介绍了研发虚拟林相三维可视化系统的技术流程与实现方法,该系统研发基于目前较流行的以Visual StudioC＋＋开发组件调用OpenGL三维图形库的方法,自主研发出虚拟林相三维可视化系统。该系统按三角带组织DEM数据并读入VC,采用LOD、四叉树技术自主研发了标准真实DEM数据构建三维地形的导入引擎,实现了地形可视化以及一些基本功能。为还原真实的地形地貌．应用OpenGL中的纹理映射、光照、场景分割、反走样、八叉树、雾化等三维可视化特性,增强了三维可视化效果。     

Geolokit: An interactive tool for visualising and exploring geoscientific data in Google Earth

Virtual globes have been developed to showcase different types of data combining a digital elevation model and basemaps of high resolution satellite imagery. Hence, they became a standard to share spatial data and information, although they suffer from a lack of toolboxes dedicated to the formatting of large geoscientific dataset. From this perspective, we developed Geolokit: a free and lightweight software that allows geoscientists – and every scientist working with spatial data – to import their data (e.g., sample collections, structural geology, cross-sections, field pictures, georeferenced maps), to handle and to transcribe them to Keyhole Markup Language (KML) files. KML files are then automatically opened in the Google Earth virtual globe and the spatial data accessed and shared. Geolokit comes with a large number of dedicated tools that can process and display: (i) multi-points data, (ii) scattered data interpolations, (iii) structural geology features in 2D and 3D, (iv) rose diagrams, stereonets and dip-plunge polar histograms, (v) cross-sections and oriented rasters, (vi) georeferenced field pictures, (vii) georeferenced maps and projected gridding.Therefore, together with Geolokit, Google Earth becomes not only a powerful georeferenced data viewer but also a stand-alone work platform. The toolbox (available online at http://www.geolokit.org) is written in Python, a high-level, cross-platform programming language and is accessible through a graphical user interface, designed to run in parallel with Google Earth, through a workflow that requires no additional third party software. Geolokit features are demonstrated in this paper using typical datasets gathered from two case studies illustrating its applicability at multiple scales of investigation: a petro-structural investigation of the Ile d’Yeu orthogneissic unit (Western France) and data collection of the Mariana oceanic subduction zone (Western Pacific).     

Assessing regional virtual water flows and water footprints in the Yellow River Basin, China: A consumption based approach

The Yellow River, the second longest river in China, is facing increasing water scarcity due to rising water consumption of a fast growing economy and an increasingly urbanized population with water-intensive consumption patterns. The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is divided into three regions: the upper, middle and lower reaches; each with very different characteristics in terms of water resources, economic structure and household income and consumption patterns. Virtual water has been recognised as a potentially useful concept for redistributing water from water-rich to water-poor regions. In this study, we develop a Multi-Regional Input-Output model (MRIO) to assess the regional virtual water flows between the three reaches of the basin and the rest of China distinguishing green and blue water, as well as rural and urban household water footprints. Results show that all three reaches are net virtual water exporter, i.e. production and consumption activities outside the basin also put pressure on the water resources in the YRB. The results suggest a reduction of the export of virtual blue water that could instead be used for producing higher value added but lower water-intensive goods. In particular, the lower reach as the most water scarce region in the basin should increase the import of water intensive goods, such as irrigated crops and processed food products, from other more water abundant regions such as the South of China. Thus, trading virtual water can help sustain the economic growth of the regions within the basin thus easing the pressure from water shortage. In addition, there is a huge gap between urban and rural household water footprints in the basin. The average urban household’s water footprint is more than double the water footprint of a rural household in the basin. This is due to the higher urban household consumption of water-intensive goods and services, such as processed food products, wearing apparel and footwear, hotel and catering services and electricity.     

基于Skyline开发的房地产三维虚拟仿真系统

本系统通过多种方法采集并分析数据,采用3DS Max进行建筑三维建模,结合并利用Skyline组件进行系统开发,实现对某房地产小区的三维虚拟场景开发。该系统不但提供三维游览服务,同时也实现了地理信息系统的多种三维分析功能。     

构建资源环境科学研究多维信息处理环境的探讨

在描述资源环境科学多维信息特点的基础上,着重探讨了如何利用虚拟现实技术构建资源环境科学研究多维信息处理环境、功能以及实施方式,以搭建更具魅力的新一代资源环境科学研究信息平台。     

三维矢量结构GIS拓扑关系及其动态建立

本文借鉴二维矢量结构ＧＩＳ和三维几何造型理论，结合矿山与地质领域的应用特点，提出三维矢量结构ＧＩＳ的结点、边、环、曲面片、体之间的五组拓扑关系。以“界面引入－体划分”这一方法来动态建立与维护这五组拓扑关系，并用一棵“界面－体二叉树”来记录这一过程中界面与体之间的关系。     

实施全球资源战略“走出去”勘查开发国外资源

实施全球资源战略是经济全球化的客观要求，是保障国家资源供应安全的重要条件，也是中国可持续发展的必然选择。在阐述我国实施全球资源战略客观性、必要性的基础上，提出了我国实施全球资源战略、利用国外资源的措施和建议。     

基于OpenGL的三维地形实时动态交互显示

地形的三维实时显示技术是虚拟现实(VR)的一项关键技术，也是地理信息系统(GIS)的重要组成部分。本文探讨了在OpenGL环境下三维地形实时绘制显示的机制及过程。在此基础上，给出了三维数字地形交互显示的两种主要方式及实现方法。并给出了具体的绘制实例。