中国区域中心城市及其卫星城镇生活空间质量评价——以西安卫星城镇评价为例

国外对城市生活空间质量研究已成为城市社会地理学理论与实践探讨的核心问题,其评价的指标组成也成为城市社会指标体系中的核心指标部分。本文在借鉴国外对城市生活空间质量评价较为成熟的鲍氏(RichBoyer)九要素衡量指标体系的基础上,结合西安卫星城镇2001年的有关统计数据,首次建立了中国区域中心城市及其卫星城镇的生活空间质量评价的综合指标体系。进而从实证主义角度运用相关数据进行分析,对西安卫星城镇生活空间质量进行了综合评价。     

生态城市的指标体系及创建策略

生态城市是一个集生态环境保护、经济稳定发展，社会健康为一体的概念，从可持续发展的角度出发，利用生态学和城市地理学的观点，论述生态城市的概念和特点，生态城市主要有和谐性，高效性，持续性，整体性，区域性5个特点，采用定性定量的方法分析生态城市的指标体系，以沿海5个城市为例，对其生态化程度进行综合评价，提出了创建生态城市的策略。     

地理信息系统与公交企业的线路站点管理

分析了国内城市公共汽运交通的现状,阐述了在公共交通企业内部如何应用地理信息系统技术,提出了基于计算机自动化管理公交线路和公交站点的解决方案,并对未来城市公交的发展作以展望。     

Urban agriculture in Cameroon: an anti-politics machine in the making?

Urban agriculture in Africa is a growth area for development institutions and researchers. It is often portrayed as a coping strategy through which the urban poor have adapted to structural adjustment. It is enframed in an apolitical, ahistorical way because development institutions seek to create spaces into which development projects can be inserted in the future. This paper uses a case study from the town of Buea in south-west Cameroon to illustrate the differences between the international image of urban agriculture and its practice in one particular place. The increase in agricultural production in Buea in the 1990s initially appears to conform to the standard picture of urban farming as a recent, pragmatic and unplanned response to falling household incomes. However, such a portrayal neglects the history of urban farming, the pleasure that agriculture brings to farmers and the political consequences of expanding agricultural production. One of the concrete outcomes of increased urban agriculture in Buea in the 1990s has been to act as a `safety valve' against social unrest. It has acted as an `anti-politics machine'; a mechanism through which a sensitive political operation (reducing the salaries of civil servants) is achieved through apparently disconnected apolitical acts (enabling urban households to expand agricultural production). The Cameroonian government has opportunistically encouraged urban agriculture during a period of rapid economic change as one strategy for reproducing existing social relations.     

The cultural politics of local economic development: meaning-making, place-making, and the urban policy process

A major concern of work in urban and political geography in recent decades has been to analyze how and in whose interests local space economies are produced and reproduced. A common focus is on the role local elites play in gathering support for their development agendas. Drawing from these literatures, this paper focuses on how various visions of the future of localities are contested in the local policy process. It argues that this struggle can be usefully understood as a cultural politics in which meanings are defined and struggled over, where social values are naturalized, and by which `common sense' is constructed and contested. The use of the term `cultural politics of local economic development' is, then, intended to indicate that meaning-making and place-making occur simultaneously in struggles over the future of space economies. It is also an attempt to overcome the problematic distinction between `culture' and `economy' that continues to haunt a great deal of work on urban politics. Through a case study of urban politics in Lexington, Kentucky in which discursive strategies are highlighted, it is argued that this approach is useful in that it provides insight into non-elite perspectives on local economic development and that it underscores the role played by everyday life in constituting political action. The paper concludes by suggesting that any problematization of the conceptual distinction between `culture' and `economy' must be carried out in and through detailed analyses of how groups involved in social struggle frequently construct rhetorical strategies in reference to it.     

广州城市形象的文化推进

21世纪的新型城市与 2 0世纪的大型工商业都市有明显的区别。“现代化”的概念和标准已变 ,新型城市不再追求林立的大厦和集中的闹市 ,而是以开阔的空间布局和交错的多元景观为特征。广州未来的城市形象 ,是建成具有东方文化特色的生态城市。以此为目标 ,保护和建设现有绿色走廊 ,对调整广州总体的生态用地布局 ,均衡广州的绿地分布 ,改善广州城市形象 ,实现三年中变的目标 ,都具有极为重要的作用和非常现实的意义     

Environmental geology of ancient Greek cities

Man-environment relations in the ancient Greek world, as now, were complex interactions. To understand them, we need to study a range of physical features and man's impact on the setting. The underlying geological reality of this area is karst, which is widely distributed, dominating Greece, the southern half of Turkey, and southern Italy and Sicily, where the Greco-Roman cities that we study were located. Year-round water from karst springs was important because of scarce rainfall, intense evaporation, and infertile soil—none under human control. Examples from the Greek mainland (Corinth), an Aegean island (Rhodes), Turkey (Priene), and Sicily (Syracuse) are selected and described to suggest the way that karst water potential played an important role in site selection and development. A wider look at criteria for urban location and a new classification of urban patterns help to revise conventional understandings of these ancient cities. In conclusion, some modern findings about the interaction between city and setting suggest new research agendas for geologists and engineers, ancient historians and archaeologists, and water policy makers—preferrably working together.     

城市规划和土地利用规划的矛盾与协调─—以三亚市为例

本文通过对现今城市规划与土地利用规划矛盾的分析，提出了协调两者关系的思路，认为两者间的矛盾和问题是客观存在的，两者的协调不能强求数量指标上的一致，而应在地区发展战略的界定下，达到两者间城镇空间布局形态和环境容量规模的相互一致，并据此对三亚市城市规划与土地利用规划的协调进行了分析。     

Estimation Of Atmospheric Water Vapour Flux Profiles In The Nocturnal Unstable Urban Boundary Layer With Doppler Sodar And Raman Lidar

The vertical wind profiles determined by Doppler sodar and the water vapourmixing ratio profiles obtained by Raman lidar are used to estimate the atmosphericwater vapour flux profiles in the nocturnal urban boundary layer under unstableconditions. The experiment was conducted for several nights in the central areaof Rome under a variety of moisture conditions and different urban boundary-layerflow regimes. Despite some scatter in the profiles, the latent heat flux is found tobe positive throughout the depth of the nocturnal urban boundary-layer. Thelayer-averaged flux shows a variation between -4 to +40 W m^-2, whileindividual values of flux in excess of +150 W m^-2 pertain to a case offree convection during cold air advection caused by the sea breeze. The qualityof flux estimates is found to be highly limited by the low sampling rates employedin the experiment resulting in errors to the order of 60%. Therefore, the results mustbe viewed as estimates rather than precise measurements. The skewness profiles ofthe turbulent fluctuations of vertical velocity and water vapour mixing ratio are alsopositive.     

城市化环境大气污染模型动力学问题

城市化环境大气污染动力学问题是城市环境大气污染形成机理及其治理原理研究中核心理论问题,该文从城市化环境大气污染各类复杂的交叉影响因素角度,初步描述了城市环境大气多尺度相互作用;城市建筑群及其周边地形影响;下垫面及陆面过程对城市环境大气动力结构形成的影响效应;城市环境水-土-气污染形成的多圈层相互作用等问题.并且综合分析探讨了城市环境大气污染的动力学特征及其影响作用.通过理论问题的讨论,给出了本项目开展的BECAPEX现场观测试验的设计实施和城市污染"大锅盖"特征结构研究的科学问题.