区域地震通信网子台通信控制改造

为提高区域地震通信网数据通信的质量，解决子台通信控制（ＣＣＵ）的诸多不适应，决定对其改造，以目前在通信中广泛采用的个人计算机取代子台通信控制器（ＣＣＵ）。本文就个人计算机在通信中的接口安排、传输方式进行了研究，并通过区域地震通信网子台数据传输的实践证实了个人计算机在通信中的广泛用途和诸多优点。     

Transmission electron microscopy on iron monosulfide varieties from the Suizhou meteorite

Transmission electron microscopy on the iron monosulfide (FeS) varieties from the Suizhou meteorite (Hubei, China) reveals the intergrowth of primary hexagonal 2C troilite and minor monoclinic 4C pyrrhotite (SG: F2/d) phases as nanometer-scale domain microstructure. In addition, anti-phase domain boundaries are found to present in the 2C troilite superstructure with the displacement vector 1/4[001]_2C, which is expected to form during the translational symmetry breaking during cooling from higher symmetry, high-temperature modification of the NiAs-type (SG: P6₃/mmc) structure. Furthermore, 60° rotation twinning about the pseudo-hexagonal c-axis is observed in the 4C pyrrhotite superstructure, which may result from rotation symmetry reduction induced by the ordered arrangements of metal vacancies through solid-state transformation during further cooling. All the above microstructural characteristics are discussed with consideration to the thermal metamorphism history experienced by the Suizhou meteorite.     

The High Line and the ideal of democratic public space

This study examines New York’s internationally acclaimed High Line with regard to the democratic ideal of urban parks as places of social mixing among diverse groups in the city. Observational surveys were conducted to assess the levels of racial/ethnic diversity among visitors to the High Line and four other Manhattan parks, and census data were collected on the race/ethnicity of residents in surrounding neighborhoods, the borough of Manhattan, and New York City. The data show that the High Line crowd is overwhelmingly White, to a degree that is far out of line with the racial/ethnic demographics of the borough and city, that the level of racial homogeneity significantly exceeds that of other comparable parks, and that the lack of diversity cannot be explained by neighborhood composition. The author concludes that the High Line is failing as a democratic public space and draws on the work of political scientist E. E. Schattschneider to assert the importance of diversity in public spaces.     

采伐剩余物的线截抽样技术理论研究

研究了采伐剩余物调查的线截抽样原理和方法。在应用中既可使用单条样线进行估计,也可以使用多条样线进行估计。在计算机上应用线截抽样估计原理模拟了采伐剩余物的调查情况,结果表明在8次模拟中7次实际精度达到80％以上,有一半在90％以上。     

The role of water-vapour photodissociation on the formation of a deep minimum in mesopause ozone

A one-dimensional atmospheric photochemical model with an altitude grid of about 1.5 km was used to examine the structure of the global mean vertical ozone profile and its night-time-to-daytime variation in the upper atmosphere. Two distinct ozone layers are predicted, separated by a sharp drop in the ozone concentration near the mesopause. This naturally occurring mesopause ozone deep minimum is primarily produced by the rapid increase in the destruction of water vapour, and hence increase in HO_x, at altitudes between 80 and 85 km, a region where water-vapour photodissociation by ultraviolet radiation of the solar Lyman-alpha line is significant, and where the supply of water vapour is maintained by methane oxidation even for very dry conditions at the tropospheric-stratospheric exchange region. The model indicates that the depth of the mesopause ozone minimum is limited by the efficiency with which inactive molecular hydrogen is produced, either by the conversion of atomic hydrogen to molecular hydrogen via one of the reaction channels of H with HO₂, or by Lyman-alpha photodissociation of water vapour via the channel that leads to the production of molecular hydrogen. The ozone concentration rapidly recovers above 85 km due to the rapid increase in O produced by the photodissociation of O₂ by absorption of ultraviolet solar radiation in the Schumann-Runge bands and continuum. Above 90 km, there is a decrease in ozone due to photolysis as the production of ozone through the three-body recombination of O₂ and O becomes slower with decreasing pressure. The model also predicts two peaks in the night-time/daytime ozone ratio, one near 75 km and the other near 110 km, plus a strong peak in the night-time/daytime ratio of OH near 110 km. Recent observational evidence supports the predictions of the model.     

基于地理学综合视角的胡焕庸线IPCC复合情景（SSPs-RCPs）模拟和预测

胡焕庸线（简称胡线）是重要的人口分界线,更是一条展现中国自然与人文地理综合视角下的国情分界线。通过构建环境因素影响下的人口潜力模型,结合四组气候系统模式驱动下的作物模型和水文模型,模拟共享社会经济路径（SSPs）和代表性浓度路径（RCPs）复合情景下中国未来近期（2030年）和中期（2050年）人口时空变化趋势。发现：① SSPs情景下中国未来胡焕庸线东西两侧人口比重差距将进一步拉大,而在考虑SSPs-RCPs的复合情景下,胡焕庸线东西两侧人口比重的差距比仅考虑SSPs情景时要有所缩小。前者的原因是胡线东侧地区城市规模和等级远高于胡线西侧地区,在中国人口城市化大背景下,胡线东侧人口占比相对提升。而后者原因是受气候变化影响,胡焕庸线西侧地区的水热条件变化较之东侧有利,从而更进一步提高了人口的环境承载力。② 中国的社会经济发展对胡焕庸线两侧人口比重的影响要远大于气候变化的影响。③ 从胡焕庸的北、中、南三段区域来探讨胡焕庸线突破的可能性,胡线中段区域由于黄河等河流流经区域有较好的水资源条件,有利于推进该区域的城镇化建设,成为人口向胡焕庸线以西迁移的突破口。     

Stresses and excess pore pressure induced in saturated poroelastic halfspace by moving line load

This paper examines stresses and excess pore fluid pressure that are induced in a saturated poroelastic soil of halfspace extent by a concentrated line load. The line load is moving at a constant velocity along the surface of the poroelastic halfspace. The governing equations for the proposed analysis are based on the Biot's theory of dynamics in saturated poroelastic soils. The governing partial differential equations are solved using Fourier transforms. The solutions for the stresses and excess pore pressure are expressed in the forms of inverse Fourier transforms. The numerical results are obtained by performing the numerical inversion of the transform integrals. A parametric study is presented to illustrate the influences of the velocity of moving load and the poroelastic material parameters on the stresses and excess pore pressure. At a high velocity, the maximum values of the stresses in a poroelastic halfspace are smaller than those in an elastic solid, whilst at a low velocity the stresses in a poroelastic halfspace are larger than those in an elastic halfspace. The potential of diffusivity has an important influence on the stresses and excess pore pressure.     

马氏珠母贝外套膜培养细胞的电镜观察

运用扫描电镜和透射电镜对马氏珠母贝（Pinctada martensii D0外套膜组织培养过程中各种细胞的生长变化和活动状况的研究，重点是对上皮细胞分泌活动的观察。最初从外套膜组织迁出的上皮细胞为圆球形，细胞表面近似光滑，但有走向规则细而浅的花纹；培养到第4天，上皮细胞形态上发生了较大的变化，分成A型和B型两种细胞，A型上皮细胞内颗粒物少，是处于合成分泌物的早期阶段或尚未开始合成分泌物，B型上皮细胞处于旺盛的分泌物合成阶段，细胞内粗面内质网和线粒体丰富。培养到15－16天的B型上皮细胞体积明显变大，细胞合成并聚集了大量单层膜包裹的颗粒物，培养到第31天的B型上皮细胞分泌活动减弱，上皮细胞逐渐失去分泌功能，进入衰老，死亡，胞体明显萎缩变小，整个培养过程持续了65d。     

中太平洋锰结壳的一种磷块岩基质

在莱恩群岛北端(164°49′W,9°10′N)发现一块作为锰结核基质的磷块岩,含P_2O_5平均为6.65％。该磷块岩是交代成因的,其形成时代为早始新世以后。     

海洋重磁测网调差的若干理论研究

为从海洋重磁测网的观测资料中确定并扣除各测线含有的系统误差，本研究对调差方法进行理论研究。