基于车载激光点云数据的道路模型重建

在SSW车载激光扫描点云数据的基础上,研究了提取道路边线点集的方法,并对道路边线点进行均匀抽稀,最后按照道路纵断面shape构建道路模型。试验表明该方法能成功地提取出道路边线点,建立道路模型。     

Building segmentation and outline extraction from UAV image-derived point clouds by a line growing algorithm

ABSTRACT

This paper presents an approach to process raw unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV) image-derived point clouds for automatically detecting, segmenting and regularizing buildings of complex urban landscapes. For regularizing, we mean the extraction of the building footprints with precise position and details. In the first step, vegetation points were extracted using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier based on vegetation indexes calculated from color information, then the traditional hierarchical stripping classification method was applied to classify and segment individual buildings. In the second step, we first determined the building boundary points with a modified convex hull algorithm. Then, we further segmented these points such that each point was assigned to a fitting line using a line growing algorithm. Then, two mutually perpendicular directions of each individual building were determined through a W-k-means clustering algorithm which used the slop information and principal direction constraints. Eventually, the building edges were regularized to form the final building footprints. Qualitative and quantitative measures were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach by comparing the digitized results from ortho images.     

Orthopyroxene–cordierite mafic gneiss from the Nomamisaki metamorphic rocks,Southern Kyushu,Japan: Implication for western continuation of the Usuki–Yatsushiro Tectonic Line

We describe an orthopyroxene–cordierite mafic gneiss from the Nomamisaki metamorphic rocks in the Noma Peninsula, southern Kyushu, Japan. The mineral assemblage of the gneiss is orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, and ilmenite. Thermometry based on the Fe–Mg exchange reaction between orthopyroxene and biotite yields a peak metamorphic temperature of 680°C. The stability of cordierite relative to garnet, quartz, and sillimanite defines the upper limit of the peak metamorphic pressure as 4.4 kbar. These features indicate that the Nomamisaki metamorphic rocks underwent low‐pressure high‐temperature type metamorphism. Although a chronological problem still remains, the Nomamisaki metamorphic rocks can be regarded as a western continuation of the Higo Belt. The Usuki–Yatsushiro Tectonic Line, which delineates the southern border of the Higo Belt, is therefore located on the east of the Nomamisaki metamorphic rocks in southern Kyushu.     

热弹性波在流体—固体界面上的反射问题及其基本特征*

本文建立了热弹性流体介质中的波方程,指出了该介质中可能传播的两类波,并建立了热弹性P波的概念和基本特征。此外,本文还研究了热弹性波在液体—固体界面上的反射问题,给出了反射系数、透射系数的表达式以及反射热弹性P波、透射热弹性P波和透射SV型S波的基本特征。     

新疆一次强飑线过程双多普勒雷达观测的中尺度风场结构分析

利用新疆乌鲁木齐和五家渠的双多普勒雷达同步观测资料与双多普勒雷达风场反演技术,结合多种气象资料(1 min间隔的地面自动站资料、探空资料和NCEP再分析场资料等),综合分析了2005年6月26日新疆乌鲁木齐附近一次强飑线过程。其流场特征是低层存在明显的辐合线,中层辐合,高层辐散。中低层的风场辐合使旧回波右侧(西南侧)一定距离处依次生成新回波并与旧回波合并,对流单体间的辐合线促使其迅速合并,是飑线发展的重要原因。对流单体间的合并是从中层开始的,然后扩展到低层。在低层对流单体合并后,飑线前部有一明显的辐合线,入流区、大的回波强度梯度区和弱回波区非常明显;同时,不同发展阶段的风场配置有明显的不同,上升气流和下沉气流在多单体风暴中同时存在。本次飑线过程中低层是东南风的入流气流,与对流带后部的西北风气流相遇后向上倾斜上升,在中高层形成飑前砧状云,这与国内外中纬度飑线的结构基本一致,但本次飑线过程只有前缘强烈的对流区,没有尾随的层状云降水。自动气象站、多普勒雷达及其反演的风场很好地揭示了该飑线的发生、发展、爆发过程及其回波和风场的空间结构特点。     

陕西省气象科学共享数据集的制作及处理

山西省自动站定时观测数据上传逾限率、缺报率较高,安泽县气象局逾限缺报情况也时有发生.为了杜绝这种现象发生,通过大量的实验和研究发现自动站通讯组网接口软件存在出现假死的现象,利用Windows的任务计划功能,编制处理程序,结合现有网络状况,可实现对自动站定时资料传输不成功时的报警和自动补传.     

Recognition of shear heating on a long‐lived major fault using Raman carbonaceous material thermometry: implications for strength and displacement history of the MTL,SW Japan

The extent to which movement on major faults causes long term shear heating is a contentious issue and an important aspect in the debate about the strength of major faults in the crust. Comparing the results of experimental work on the kinetics of crystallization of carbonaceous material with results of thermal modeling show that the Raman carbonaceous material (CM) geothermometer is well suited to studying shear heating on geological time scales in suitable lithologies exposed around exhumed major fault zones. The Median Tectonic Line (MTL), SW Japan, is the largest on‐land fault in Japan with a length of > 800 km. Application of Raman CM thermometry to pelitic schist adjacent to the fault reveals the presence of a rise in peak temperature of around 60 °C over a distance of around 150 m perpendicular to the MTL fault plane. The spatial association of this thermal anomaly with the fault implies it is due to shear heating. Thermal modeling shows the recorded thermal anomaly and steep temperature gradient is compatible with very high rates of displacement over time scales of a few thousand years. However, the implied displacement rates lie outside those generally observed. An alternative explanation is that an originally broader thermal anomaly that developed during strike slip faulting was shortened due to the effects of normal faulting. Constraints on displacement rate, width of the original anomaly, duration of heating and peak temperature imply a coefficient of friction, μ, greater than 0.4.     

Podolian,Saxonian and baltic plates – Teisseyre–Tornquist Line and the edge of the East European Craton

In the area of the Central Europe three large continental scale tectonic units meet together, namely Precambrian East European Craton (EEC) to the northeast, Variscan West European Platform (WEP) terranes to the southwest, and younger Alpine Carpathian arc in the south. The reference structure of the Central Europe is a sharp edge of the East European Craton. In the area of Poland the south-western margin of the EEC is marked as Teisseyre–Tornquist Zone (TTZ), which continues to the north as Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone (STZ). Teisseyre–Tornquist Zone (TTZ) — earlier Teisseyre Line, Tornquist Line or Teisseyre–Tornquist Line (TTL), is a term created in commemoration of Polish geologist Wawrzyniec Teisseyre and German geologist and paleontologist Alexander Tornquist. At the turn of XIX and XX century, they noticed a fundamental difference in the geology of platform cover between the rigid East European Platform and its more mobile southwestern forefield (Teisseyre, 1893, 1903; Tornquist, 1908, 1910). From the very beginning the TTL was conceived as a linear feature (fault or fault zone) marking the southwestern boundary of the EEC. Contrarily, the Trans–European Suture Zone (TESZ) is a term coined by Asger Berthelsen for an assemblage of suspect terranes boarded by the East European Craton and the Variscan orogeny. It is not a linear structure, but a terrane accretion zone, 100–200 km wide. Both terms, TTL and TESZ, should not be mistaken, as is the case on many maps concerning the problem (Dadlez et al., 2005). The edge of the craton is a major lithospheric structure, which appears to be a deep-seated boundary reaching at least down to a depth of about 200 km as shown by tomographic analysis of shear wave velocity structure of the mantle under Europe. Another indication of the deep-seated nature of this zone was obtained from observations of earthquakes and explosions located in Europe. To explain the observed blockage of energy from regional seismic events by TTZ, the structural anomaly between eastern and western Europe must reach at least down to a depth of about 200 km. Continental scale tectonic units of the Central Europe are clearly visible in the crustal structure, Moho depth map, and also gravity, magnetic and heat flow maps.     

太阳大气中矢量磁场信息的推导

一种能从观测到的斯托克斯轮廓中提取太阳表面矢量磁场信息的方法在本文中提出，它利用斯托克斯轮廓非线心的极值点处相应参量对波长的导数为零这一数学事实，假设表面附近磁场矢量及热力学参量的变化梯度足够小以致所考虑的极值点的波长位置不随深度改变或此变化呆忽则使得偏振辐射围方程组得到极大的简化；再应用数值方法从此简化方程组中解出辐射表面附近的磁场矢量参数。通过拟合理论轮廓表明该法确实可以得到表面近似的磁场矢量     

Polysomatism and modules of gehlenite composition and structure in the Hanic phase (Ca5Al6MgSiO17)

 Discrete, well-ordered, single-phase crystals (the Hanic phase) form when powders the bulk composition of Ca₅Al₆MgSiO₁₇ are allowed to react in the absence of a melt. If, on the other hand, either the powders or crystals of Ca₅Al₆MgSiO₁₇ are molten and then cooled, complex intergrowths form. These intergrowths consist of modules having the composition and structure of Ca₃Al₄MgO₁₀ and gehlenite (Ca₂Al₂SiO₇), forming a polysomatic series in which the modules occur in varied proportions. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images reveal the details of these intergrowths. Mass balance is achieved by the formation of this polysomatic series together with Mg-substituted mayenite (Ca_12−xMg_xAl₁₄O₃₃). The tetrahedral sheets in gehlenite have close structural similarities to those of Ca₅Al₆O₁₄. Based on our HRTEM images, we hypothesize chemical substitutions between gehlenite and Ca₅Al₆O₁₄, resulting in gehlenite-like modules that are depleted in Si and correspondingly enriched in Al and Ca. Received: 2 August 2000 / Accepted: 18 January 2001