Coupled three-dimensional discrete element-lattice Boltzmann methods for fluid-solid interaction with polyhedral particles

Interaction between solid particles and fluid is of fundamental interest to scientists and engineers in many different applications—cardiopulmonary flows, aircraft and automobile aerodynamics, and wind loading on buildings to name a few. In geomechanics, particle shape significantly affects both particle-particle and particle-fluid interaction. Herein, we present a generalized method for modeling the interaction of arbitrarily shaped polyhedral particles and particle assemblages with fluid using a coupled discrete element method (DEM) and lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) formulation. The coupling between DEM and LBM is achieved through a new algorithm based on a volume-fraction approach to consider three-dimensional convex polyhedral particles moving through fluid. The algorithm establishes the interaction using linear programming and simplex integration and is validated against experimental data. This approach to modeling the interaction between complex polyhedral particles and fluid is shown to be accurate for directly simulating hydrodynamic forces on the particles.     

GIS中三维空间数据模型的集成与应用

针对三维地理信息系统中的三维空间数据模型,结合城市规划工作,分析讨论了三维数据模型集成的必要性以及TIN与CSG、八叉树与TEN、矢量与栅格等混合数据模型实现的方法和思路,提出了在城市规划应用中模型集成的适用类型及有关要求.     

Efficient Symplectic Integration of Satellite Orbits

The use of the extended phase space and time transformations for constructing efficient symplectic methods for computing the long term behavior of perturbed two‐body systems are discussed. Main applications are for artificial satellite orbits. The methods suggested here are efficient also for large eccentricities. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

物联网与地理信息的集成应用研究

针对物联网技术及地理信息技术的特点,阐述了物联网与地理信息之间的联系.利用GIS特有的信息集成、可视化表达及强大的空间分析等技术特点,把地理信息技术与物联网技术结合,提出了由感知层、数据层、网络层、服务层、应用层五层结构组成的基于GIS的物联网信息系统的初步设计思路.     

微PNT与综合PNT

综合定位导航授时是后GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)发展的必然趋势。本文侧重梳理微PNT发展需求和发展现状,分析与之关联的核心关键技术,论述综合PNT与微PNT的关系。强调综合PNT需要大量基础设施投入与建设,而微PNT侧重高技术传感器的集成应用。与现有文献思路不同的是,我们认为,为了实现各类传感器PNT输出结果的坐标基准统一和时间尺度一致,微PNT应包含多模GNSS和芯片级惯性导航和芯片级原子钟等定位定时组件,微PNT强调小型化、个性化、组合化服务终端;微PNT除各PNT组件的小型化外,还包括各组件的深度集成,各类数据的自适应融合和各组件的自主标校;当然,微PNT也强调各传感器信息的时空基准的统一。     

天气雷达反射率因子的实时衰减订正

基于当代天气雷达信号处理及其数据输出的特点,提出可供气象台站对天气雷达反射率因子进行实时衰减订正的基本订正算法和参考目标订正算法。通过数值仿真,比较了这两种算法的各自优缺点;还讨论了盲距衰减A(r0)和雷达系统误差△C对估算真实反射率因子的影响。     

用曲线积分法计算洪水流量的分析

用曲线积分代替算术平均法来计算洪水流量演算中的时段平均流量,减少了时段△t对流量值的影响,使计算流量更接近实测值.     

江苏页岩气资源调查地球物理方法技术集成

为了提高综合地球物理方法在页岩气勘探中的应用效果,基于江苏页岩气资源调查与评价工作资料,在页岩气资源早期调查评价阶段进行地球物理方法技术集成,目标是建立一套能够适应江苏以往资料积累状况和复杂构造条件下的有效勘探技术组合,以达到识别不同时期的海相、海陆过渡相、陆相页岩层位的目的。结果表明,通过勘探网络的优化、勘探手段的优选和物性参数的分析,以及先进勘探手段和处理方法的引入,对江苏下扬子区4套页岩地层分别提出了有效的技术组合,大幅降低了调查成本,进一步提高了解释精度和识别能力。     

Market integration and its relation to income distribution and inequality among fishers and traders: The case of two small-scale Kenyan reef fisheries

This study, carried out in five fishing communities along the Kenyan coast, examined fisheries-derived income of fishers and traders in two different invertebrate fisheries (octopus and sea cucumber) and tested if differences in global market integration of these two products could explain differences in income inequalities among actors involved in the two fisheries. The structure of the value chains was mapped, differences in income between fishers and traders tested, and income inequalities among actors in each fishery examined. Although the octopus fishery included a greater diversity of actors and thereby provides income to a larger group of people, income inequality in this fishery was higher among fishers and traders than in the sea cucumber fishery. Thus, the often cited relationship between increasing market integration and income inequality may require a re-evaluation and a more nuanced treatment.     

Absolute Sea Level Surface Modeling for the Mediterranean from Satellite Altimeter and Tide Gauge Measurements

Changes in the height of the ocean can be described through the relative and absolute sea level changes depending on the geodetic reference the sea level records are related to. Satellite altimetry provides absolute sea level (ASL) measurements related to the global geodetic reference, whereas tide gauges provide relative sea level (RSL) measurements related to the adjacent land. This study aims at computing the ASL surfaces for different time epochs from combined satellite altimeter and tide gauge records. A method of sea level data fusion is proposed to enable modeling of the impact of present and future sea level changes on the coast. Sea surface modeling was investigated for ten different gridding methods commonly used for the interpolation of altimeter data over the open ocean and extrapolation over the coastal zones. The performance of gridding methods was assessed based on the comparison of the gridded altimeter data and corrected tide gauge measurements. Finally, the sea level surfaces related to the GRS80 global reference ellipsoid were computed for the Mediterranean Sea over the altimeter period. In addition, the current sea level trends were estimated from both sea level measurements.