青藏高原班公错的湖盆成因及构造演化

依据河湖相沉积物的沉积特征、沉积年龄和分布规律, 结合ETM+构造和第四系沉积地层的遥感解译, 对班公错湖盆的成因和构造演化特征进行系统的剖析.从地形地貌、沉积建造和构造上分析, 推断班公错湖盆为构造成因的拉分断陷湖盆.根据湖盆周边的断层活动特征和湖盆的沉积响应, 将班公错湖盆的演化分为4个阶段, 依次为湖盆打开的幼年期(晚于早中新世)、湖盆扩展的青年期(早于8.1±1Ma)、湖盆急剧扩展伴随湖盆中心南移的壮年期(晚于0.94Ma)和湖盆不对称萎缩的老年期(晚于0.23Ma).      

西藏班戈县拉青铜多金属矿床地球化学特征和年龄

拉青矿床位于班公湖-怒江缝合带南侧,属于矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床.矿区岩浆岩发育,矿化二长花岗岩为其成矿岩体.对二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得年龄加权平均值为114.24Ma±0.87Ma,表明拉青矿床形成于早白垩世晚期.岩石地球化学数据分析表明,A/CNK值为1.15～1.17、A/NK值为1.53～1.59,为过铝质花岗岩,属于高钾钙碱性系列.轻稀土元素较重稀土元素富集,负Eu异常较弱.在微量元素蛛网图上,富集大离子不相容元素Rb、K、Th、U,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti.R1-R2图解及Rb-(Yb+Nb)图解表明,拉青二长花岗岩形成于同碰撞构造环境.结合区域地质矿产资料初步认为,二长花岗岩体形成于班公湖-怒江洋消减闭合后羌塘板块与冈底斯板片碰撞拼合阶段,拉青矿床即是该同碰撞背景下形成的与二长花岗岩岩浆活动密切相关的矽卡岩铜多金属矿床.     

MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY

MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY1　FuJiamo ,ShengGuoying ,XuJiayou,et.al.ApplicationofbiologicalmarkersintheassessmentofpaleoenvironmentsofChinesenon marinesediments[J] .OrganicGeochemistry ,1990 ,16 :76 9～ 779. 2　JenkynsHC .Cretaceousanoxicevents:fromcontinentstooceans[J] .JournaloftheGeologicalSociety ,1980 ,137:171～188. …     

西藏申扎永珠乡晚石炭世和早二叠世的腕足动物化石

申扎地区石炭二叠系发育良好,化石丰富。本文描述的化石采自上下两个层位,下部化石少,以石燕贝类为主, 其组合特征反映了石炭纪腕足类的特点与改则县玛米雪山地区上石炭统所产相似;上部化石丰富,以石燕贝类的Spiriferella和Syrin-gothyris的出现为特征,共生还有长身贝类的Chonetinella,Echinauris,Tylo-pecta等。这个化石组合与西藏其他地区相同时代的化石组合不同。特别是Syringothy-ris在下二叠统的发现具有重要意义。     

The origin of the Naturaliste Plateau,SE Indian Ocean: Implications from dredged basalts

Although a 1972 dredging by USNS Eltanin from the submarine Naturaliste Plateau was reported to yield rocks of continental origin, a re‐examination of the dredge haul shows that the rock clasts are in fact altered tholeiitic basalts. They have affinities both with MOR basalts and, especially, within‐plate basalts. Petrographically they correlate most closely with the Bunbury Tholeiitic Suite on the Australian mainland to the east. The basalts are reworked cobbles in a manganiferous Quaternary slump mass, which contains a quartz‐rich, felsic, detrital mineral suite with a granite‐gneiss provenance. The basalt cobbles were part of a basal conglomerate, which covered large areas of the Plateau. It is suggested that this was laid down from nearby elevated volcanic structures formed during the inception of seafloor spreading and the separation of Greater India from Australia at about 122 Ma BP.     

青藏铁路开通后对西藏生态足迹和生态承载力的影响

青藏铁路的开通, 在加快西藏经济社会发展速度的同时, 对西藏的生态环境变化也会产生重要影响. 运用生态足迹法, 从铁路客运和货运两个方面, 计算2006-2011年青藏铁路开通带给西藏的生态足迹的变化及趋势, 探讨了青藏铁路开通对西藏生态足迹变化的影响. 铁路客运产生的生态足迹主要体现在旅游生态足迹方面, 主要包括铁路入藏游客的住宿、餐饮和购物产生的生态足迹;货运方面主要包括货物运入和运出两个方面. 结果表明: 铁路客运产生的旅游生态足迹中, 住宿比重最高, 购物次之, 餐饮最少. 总体铁路输入的旅游生态足迹仅占不考虑铁路开通时西藏总生态足迹的1%左右;而铁路货物运入的生态承载力逐年上升, 且占不考虑铁路开通时西藏总生态足迹的比重较大, 最大达到51%, 对西藏生态足迹产生重要影响;铁路开通输入的生态足迹远远小于铁路为西藏增加的生态承载力.     

Magnetic, Geochemical and Mineralogical Charac teristics of Soils in Qiangtang Basin, Tibet, China: Implications for Prospective Oil and Gas Land

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｃｅｏｆｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃａｎｏｍａｌｉｅｓｏｖｅｒｏｉｌａｎｄｇａｓｆｉｅｌｄｓｈａｓｂｅｅｎｋｎｏｗｎｆｏｒｓｅｖｅｒａｌｄｅｃａｄｅｓ,ｂｕｔｉｔｉｓｏｎｌｙｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｌｙｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄ .Ｔｈｅｍａｇ ｎｅｔｉｃｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｓｏｉｌａｎｄｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔａｒｅｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｓｏｍｅｇｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ,ｓ…     

云贵高原湖泊沉积物碳酸盐和有机质的同位素组成及环境信息记录

云贵高原湖泊沉积物碳酸盐和有机质的同位素组成及环境信息记录＠肖保华￥中国科学院地球化学研究所高原湖泊,碳酸盐,有机质,碳同位素,地球化学记录,环境气候信息云贵高原湖泊沉积物碳酸盐和有机质的同位素组成及环境信息记录肖保华（中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳５５０...     

Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Giant Long‐Runout Landslide: A Case Study of the Gamisi Ancient Landslide in the Upper Minjiang River,China

The upper reaches of the Minjiang River are in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, where active faults are well developed and earthquakes frequently occur. Anomalous climate change and the extremely complex geomechanical properties of rock and soil have resulted in a number of geohazards. Based on the analysis of remote sensing interpretations, geological field surveys, geophysical prospecting and geological dating results, this paper discusses the developmental characteristics of the Gamisi ancient landslide in Songpan County, Sichuan Province, and investigates its geological age and formation mechanism. This study finds that the Gamisi ancient landslide is in the periglacial region of the Minshan Mountain and formed approximately 25 ka BP. The landslide initiation zone has a collapse and slide zone of approximately 22.65×106–31.7×106 m3 and shows a maximum sliding distance of approximately 1.42 km, with an elevation difference of approximately 310 m between the back wall of the landslide and the leading edge of the accumulation area. The landslide movement was characterized by a high speed and long runout. During the sliding process, the landslide body eroded and dammed the ancient Minjiang River valley. The ancient river channel was buried 30-60 m below the surface of the landslide accumulation area. Geophysical prospecting and drilling observations revealed that the ancient riverbed was approximately 80-100 m thick. After the dam broke, the Minjiang River was migrated to the current channel at the leading edge of the landslide. The Gamisi ancient landslide was greatly affected by the regional crustal uplift, topography, geomorphology and paleoclimatic change. The combined action of periglacial karstification and climate change caused the limestone at the rear edge of the landslide fractured, thus providing a lithological foundation for landslide occurrence. Intense tectonic activity along the Minjiang Fault, which runs through the middle and trailing parts of the Gamisi ancient landslide, may have been the main factor inducing landsliding. Studying the Gamisi ancient landslide is of great significance for investigating the regional response to paleoclimatic change and geomorphologic evolution of the Minjiang Fault since the late Pleistocene and for disaster prevention and mitigation.     

青藏高原岩石圈演化的记录：藏北超钾质及钠质火山岩的岩石学与地球化学特征

藏北鱼鳞山超钾质火山岩为一中等规模的熔岩被, 可分为三期。前两期主要为霞石黝方白榴石响岩、霞石白榴斑岩等, 后期主要为方钠石霓石粗面岩、霓霞粗面岩等。时代为１８～３０ Ｍａ。本区超钾质岩浆 Ｓｉ Ｏ２ 强烈不饱和、强碱性、高度富集 Ｌ Ｒ Ｅ Ｅ及 Ｌ Ｉ Ｌ Ｅ、放射成因 Ｓｒ、 Ｐｂ 及非放射成因 Ｎｄ 同位素 （８６ Ｓｒ／８７ Ｓｒ＝ ０７０８７６６～０７０９１６２, ２０６ Ｐｂ／２０４ Ｐｂ＝ １８８８２８８８～ １９１０４７５１, ２０７ Ｐｂ／２０４ Ｐｂ＝ １５６４２０３７ ～ １５８２８４５８, ２０８ Ｐｂ／２０４ Ｐｂ＝ ３９１３８９２１ ～ ３９６８６８３５ 及１４３ Ｎｄ／１４４ Ｎｄ＝ ０５１２１１６ ～０５１２３４２）,其上述特征指示岩浆源区为受到地壳物质强烈交代的富集 Ｅ Ｍ Ｉ Ｉ型地幔。藏北拉嘎拉钠质碱性橄榄玄武岩为高原面上的剥蚀残丘, 时代为６０ Ｍａ。其岩石学、 Ｒ Ｅ Ｅ、微量元素及 Ｓｒ Ｎｄ Ｐｂ 同位素指示了岩浆源区为受到洋壳俯冲物质交代的轻度富集地幔。本研究结果指示, 羌塘高原南部富集地幔的形成可能是受到印度板块俯冲的影响。