基于FY-2G产品的江西省总云量最小二乘法建模与分析

使用2016年1月至2018年12月FY-2G卫星逐小时总云量产品和江西省26个测站的地面总云量观测资料,分析了两者在江西地区相关性的时空分布特征。结果表明:江西地区卫星总云量和地面观测总云量在数值和演变趋势上一致性较好,两者的总体相关系数超过0.60,但空间分布不均匀,大型水体(鄱阳湖和柘林湖)附近相关系数较低,低于0.45,江西省南部地区相关系数也不高,低于0.50。两者的相关系数在时间上也分布不均,其中14时的相关系数最高。此外,基于FY-2G卫星总云量产品和最小二乘法采用分段建模的方式,构建了江西省地面观测云的回归模型,且模拟的地面总云量在数值和演变趋势上更加接近观测的地面云量。     

中国近海海表温度对气候变暖及暂缓的显著响应

基于多套全球海温再分析数据和2种线性趋势分析方法,评估了1958-2014年中国近海海表温度（SST）的变化及其对全球气候变化的响应特征,并与全球平均地表温度特别是与若干重要海区的SST做了比较。研究表明：在全球变暖的显著加速期（1980年代和1990年代）,中国近海区域年平均SST表现出更快速的升温特征,其速率达0.60℃/10a,是同期全球平均升温速率的5倍以上;在变暖暂缓期（1998-2014年）,中国近海SST出现显著的下降趋势。研究还表明,中国近海区域SST的年代际变化与太平洋年代际涛动（PDO）的位相转换一致,前者SST的快速上升（下降）期与PDO正（负）位相最大值的时期相对应,PDO可能是通过东亚季风和黑潮影响中国近海SST的年代际变化。     

河口Si输运过程研究

基于拉格朗日余流及其输运过程的一种三维空间弱非线性理论，进一步假定Ｓｉ在河口的无因次化学转移项量级为ｋ＾２，给出了Ｓｉ的长期输运方程。对于一种二维模型河口，数值求解了零阶天文潮，欧拉余流、斯托克斯漂移、拉格朗日余流和盐度的分布；分别计算了平均逼留时间为１３，３０，６０，１８０ｄ等所对应的Ｓｉ浓度分布；给出了Ｓｉ－ｓ相关图，讨论了河口中Ｓｉ的保守性问题。     

Altimeter Signal-to-Noise for Deep Ocean Processes in Operational Systems

The ocean signal for this study is the sea surface height due to the slowly varying (greater than 5-day) ocean processes, which are predominantly the deep ocean mesoscale. These processes are the focus of present assimilation systems for monitoring and predicting ocean circulation due to ocean fronts and eddies and the associated environmental changes that impact real time activities in areas with depths greater than about 200 m. By this definition, signal-to-noise may be estimated directly from altimeter data sets through a crossover point analysis. The RMS variability in crossover differences is due to instrument noise, errors in environmental corrections to the satellite observation, and short time period oceanic variations. The signal-to-noise ratio indicates that shallow areas are typically not well observed due to the high frequency fluctuations. Many deep ocean areas also contain significant high frequency variability such as the subpolar latitudes, which have large atmospheric pressure systems moving through, and these in turn generate large errors in the inverse barometer correction. Understanding the spatial variations of signal to noise is a necessary prerequisite for correct assimilation of the data into operational systems.     

Simulation of the Direct Radiative Effect of Mineral Dust and Sea Salt Aerosols in a Doubled Carbon Dioxide Climate

The authors examine the equilibrium climatic response to the direct radiative effect(DRE)of mineral dust and sea salt aerosols in a doubled-CO2climate with two-way coupling of aerosol-climate interactions.In response to the drier and windier conditions,dust emissions increase by 26%in the Sahara Desert and by 18%on the global scale relative to present day.Sea salt emissions increase in high latitudes(60°)but decrease in middle latitudes(30°–60°)of both hemispheres due to the poleward shift of westerlies,leading to a 3%decrease in global emissions.The burdens of dust and sea salt increase by 31%and 7%respectively,because reductions in rainfall over the tropical oceans increase the lifetime of particles in the warmer climate.The higher aerosol loading in the doubled-CO2climate reinforces aerosol DRE by0.2 W m 2,leading to an additional cooling of 0.1°C at the surface compared with the climatic effects of aerosols in present day.The additional cooling from changes in natural aerosols compensates for up to 15%of the regional warming induced by doubled CO2.     

一种亮星识别算法及其在天文定向中的应用

基于全站仪对任意亮星的观测采样,提出了一种利用高度角序列和水平角速率进行联合匹配的任意亮星识别算法。通过引入天体地平坐标计算程序,算法可正确辨别行星和恒星。本文分析了任意亮星高度角和水平角速率的观测误差和计算误差,以此给出了匹配阈值条件的设定依据,并在此基础上制定了有效的匹配策略。仿真计算及实际观测试验均表明,该算法具有100%的识别成功率,远优于现有算法。将此算法应用于任意亮星天文定向,定向结果的内符合精度达到2″,外部检核精度达到1.6″。采用多颗任意亮星进行定向,可有效减弱由测站位置误差引入的定向系统误差,提高绝对定向精度。本文提出的天文定向适用于多云及雾霾天气。     

奥地利Gosau群Bibereck组Campanian早期海水变深序列的地层学和地球化学

Schmidsippl剖面位于奥地利北钙质阿尔卑斯构造带内Gosau群典型地区。剖面出露的Bibereck组记录了一个海侵和沉积区海水变深过程。Bibereck 组之下是Santonian 晚期Hochmoos 组(Sandkalkbank段),主要为砂质、粉砂质灰色生物扰动构造发育的泥灰岩,含少量双壳类碎片。Hochmoos组之上为灰色泥灰岩和泥灰质灰岩。Bibereck组下部显示变深到近滨-远滨过渡带区域;向上,泥灰岩指示细粒泥质远滨沉积,水深大致50~150 m;之上出现浮游有孔虫含量超过90%的泥灰质灰岩,代表着半深海沉积环境。生物地层数据显示采样层位整体位于浮游有孔虫asymetrica elevata 带,由Globotruncanita elevata 和Dicarinellaasymetrica 的共同出现来界定。钙质超微化石Calculites obscurus、Lucianorhabdus cayeuxii、Arkhangelsk iella cymbiformis 的出现指示属于钙质超微化石带CC17b/UC12,相当于Campanian初期。地层深度剖面上,Ca/Al比值和Catot含量显示海水来源的Ca在0~5 m地层内几近于零,向上快速增加;(Fe/Al)/碳酸盐显示两个峰值,代表更还原条件,分别位于4 m和10 m位置;K/Al比值的下降被解释为更潮湿气候条件;剖面上部Ba含量的增加显示向更低原始生产条件的变化;陆源矿物在剖面7 m以下保持稳定,之上一直到剖面顶部不断下降。生物地层     

Tectonic evolution of the Late Paleozoic Early Mesozoic orogenic belt in the eastern segment of the northern margin of the North China Block: Evidence from meta volcanic rocks of Jianshanzi,northern Liaoning ProvinceSCIEI北大核心CSCD

LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating, whole -rock geochemistry and Hf isotopic analyses for the Jianshanzi volcanic rocks in the Kaiyuan area are presented to explore the Late Paleozoic -Early Mesozoic tectonic evolution history of the eastern segment of the northern margin of the North China block. The detailed research indicates that the protolith of Jianshanzi metamorphic volcanic rocks includes rhyolite, dacite and andesite, they are calc-alkaline series and metaluminous-weak peraluminous rocks. According to the zircon U-Pb dating, the metamorphic rhyolite and metamorphic andesite formed in the Late Permian (256. 1 +/- 1. 5Ma, 252.4 +/- 1. 7Ma) and the Late Triassic (222. 4 +/- 1. 8Ma, 227. 9 +/- 1. 2Ma), respectively. They are characteristized by enrichment in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements, and depletion of heavy rare earth elements and high field strength elements. Metamorphic rhyolite has an obvious negative Eu anomaly with epsilon(Hf) ( t) values of 10. 83 + 8. 10 and the second -stage model are 698 similar to 1967Ma. They are mainly due to the partial melting of the juvenile basaltic lower crust and the contamination of a small amount of ancient crustal materials. Metamorphic andesite has no obvious Eu anomaly, and the epsilon(Hf)( t) value and the second -stage model are +4.54 similar to + 6. 79 and 825 similar to 968 Ma, which may be the product of partial melting of basic lower crust. There are two periods of magmatism in Jianshanzi volcanic rocks: Late Permian -Early Triassic (247 similar to 256Ma) and Late Triassic (similar to 225Ma). The material composition of the Jianshanzi volcanic rocks is characterized by different times and different tectonic backgrounds. It is comprehensively believed that the eastern segment of the northern margin of the North China block was in an active continental margin tectonic environment during the Permian, and the Palaeo-Asian Ocean subducted in both directions; Mantle -derived magma ascends and emplaces, forming a nascent crust and causing crustal thickening. The Paleo-Asian Ocean finally closed in the early Middle Triassic, and the impact of collisional orogeny may have continued until the early Late Triassic.     

航海雷达溢油监测的同频干扰降噪处理方法研究

首先提出了在平面坐标下进行航海雷达同频干扰噪声处理;再采用卷积运算方法和Otsu算法分割航海雷达原始数据中的同频干扰噪声信号;最后应用横向均值运算方法处理同频干扰噪声。这种处理方法在对同频干扰进行降噪处理的同时,保留了含有溢油信息的海浪杂波信号,为航海雷达溢油监测技术的研究提供了更为准确的基础数据。     

中国海区区域地质编图中重磁图的编制方法

本文简要介绍了局控项目《中国海区１∶５０万区域地质编图（大连幅）》重力异常图、磁力异常图的编制过程，给出了一种以计算机为手段、实现编图自动化的新方法，并分析了该方法与以往编图方法的不同和优点，以国际分幅在中国海区开展区域地质编图尚属首次，在既无海区地质调查规范，又无海区地质调查编图规范的情况下，这一工作无异具有开创性。从理论上系统总结出一套切实可行的编图方法，对于编制中国海区区域地质调查编图规范以