浙江省气温空间分布的数学模型及其在植茶热量适宜带划分中的应用

本文根据浙江省除海岛县外的59个气象站站址的气温等资料,应用多元统计原理,建立了浙江省地面气温空间分布的数学模型、从而得到我省地面气温空间分布的递变规律性。据此,根据茶树对热量条件的要求,将我省划分为五个植茶热量适宜带,从而推演出我省各植茶热量适宜带的分布规律。     

茶皂素在血吸虫病防治上的应用研究 I.茶皂素对血吸虫中间宿主钉螺的杀灭效果

用茶皂素对日本血吸虫中间宿主钉螺进行杀灭试验,初步结果表明,不同产地的茶皂素浸杀成螺、幼螺、蜾卵均有较好的杀灭效果。其中,茶皂素Ⅰ 2.5mg/L,茶皂素Ⅱ,Ⅲ 5.0mg/L,浸杀钉螺的效果均为100%。喷杀成蜾所需浓度较高,效果也稍差。茶皂素对淡水鱼类虽有一定的毒性,但比氯硝柳胺毒性低得多:茶皂素Ⅰ在1.6mg/L以下,茶皂素Ⅱ,Ⅲ在4.0mg/L以下,水温在28℃,48h,鲢鱼全部存活。茶皂素资源丰富,价格低廉,对环境无污染，是具有开发前景的植物杀螺剂。文中还对不同产地的茶皂素的毒性差异原因、使用浓度和方法进行了讨论。     

Observing climate impacts on tea yield in Assam,India

Tea is an important cash crop for the economy in northeast India. It also supports the livelihoods of a large proportion of the population. At the same time, tea growth is sensitive to climatic conditions making it vulnerable to climate change and variability. Identifying the tea yield response to climatic variability in operational plantations, and identifying the most important climatic variables that impact tea yield is critical to assessing the vulnerability of the industry and informing adaptation. Here, we developed a garden level panel dataset and estimated statistical models to identify the causal effect of monthly temperature, monthly precipitation, drought intensity, and precipitation variability on tea yield. We found decreasing tea yield returns to warmer monthly average temperatures, and when monthly temperatures were above 26.6 °C warming had a negative effect. We found that drought intensity did not affect tea yield and that precipitation variability, and in particular precipitation intensity, negatively affect tea yield. An increase in average temperatures as expected with global warming will reduce the productivity of tea plantations, all else held equal. Further, interventions to reduce the sensitivity of tea plantations to warming and precipitation variability will have immediate pay-offs as well as providing climate change adaptation benefits.     

Mineral Components and Anti-oxidant Activities of Tropical Seaweeds

Seaweeds are known to hold substances of high nutritional value; they are the richest resources of minerals important to the biochemical reactions in the human body. Seaweeds also hold non-nutrient compounds like dietary fiber and polyphenols. However, there is not enough information on the mineral compounds of tropical seaweeds. Also we are interested in the antioxidant activities of seaweeds, especially those in the tropical area. In this study, Indonesian green, brown and red algae were used as experimental materials with their mineral components analyzed by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The catechins and flavonoids of these seaweeds were extracted with methanol and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） ; the anti-oxidant activities of these seaweeds were evaluated in a fish oil emulsion system. The mineral components of tropical seaweeds are dominated by calcium, potassium and sodium, as well as small amounts of copper, iron and zinc. A green alga usually contains epigallocatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate and catechin. However, catechin and its isomers are not found in some green and red algae. In the presence of a ferrous ion catalyst, all the methanol extracts from the seaweeds show significantly lower peroxide values of the emulsion than the control, and that of a green alga shows the strongest anti-oxidant extract of this alga, which is significantly different from activity. The highest chelation on ferrous ions is also found in the the other methanol extracts in both 3 and 24 h incubations.     

滇藏茶马古道线形遗产区域保护研究

遗产区域思想是世界遗产领域内专门针对跨区域、综合性遗产保护提出的新理念和新方法,其关注遗产要素到环境的整体保护。该理论为滇藏茶马古道这条在我国西南地区具有重要文化意义的带状遗产区的保护提供了借鉴,是根本改变当前滇藏茶马古道遗产备受破坏现实的迫切需求。茶马古道遗产区域保护关键在于确定遗产区域保护边界、贯彻整体保护理念和构建协作保护机制,基于此,提出古道遗产区域保护策略,具体包括编制整体保护规划、细分保护层次、落实三大必备系统、组建"省部际会商小组"协作保护机构和申报世界文化遗产等,以期创新茶马古道遗产保护理念,改善古道保护现状,完善我国线状文化遗产保护体系。     

茶园土壤pH值对茶叶从土壤中吸收锰的影响

探讨了我国主要产茶区 13个茶园不同叶龄茶叶锰含量的分布规律 ,土壤 0 .0 2mol/LCaCl2 提取的活性锰与土壤 pH的关系及茶叶锰含量与土壤 pH、土壤活性锰的关系。结果表明 :不同叶龄茶叶锰含量的分布规律为老叶 >成叶 >嫩叶 ;茶叶锰含量和土壤活性锰与土壤pH均呈显著负相关关系 ;茶叶锰含量与土壤活性锰呈显著正相关关系 ,茶园土壤 0 .0 2mol/LCaCl2 提取的活性锰可作为茶叶吸收利用的有效态锰     

唐山7.8级地震前水氡异常演化特征

根据华北地区分布的３３个水化观测点的水氡观测资料,以半年为尺度对唐山７．８级地震前水氡的异常演化过程进行了研究,认为：唐山７．８级地震前水氡异常存在由外围向震中区演化的异常特征,且在唐山地震发生的短临阶段,水氡异常在唐山地区形成集中,异常强度最大。     

浅谈计算机病毒的危害与防治

在当前计算机迅猛发展和普及的时代,如何保护计算机系统和网络系统,使其免受计算机病毒的破坏,已成为政府机关、科研院校、工矿企业乃至全社会各行各业所共同关注的问题。本文较详细地谈了有关计算机病毒的特征、危害及如何加以防治的内容。     

桐花树多酚氧化酶同源基因片段的克隆及序列分析

以桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco)叶为材料, 采用同源PCR克隆策略, 扩增桐花树多酚氧化酶(Polyphenol Oxidase, PPO)铜结合区之间的cDNA序列.该序列长度597 bp (Genbank accession No. GQ404509), 编码了一段由199 个氨基酸残基组成的多酚氧化酶保守区片段.桐花树PPO保守区片段具有PPO铜结合区A(CuA)的特征信号序列Hnswl.FFpFHRyyLyffE.同源比对表明, 该序列与GenBank上其他已有的植物多酚氧化酶氨基酸序列的同源性都在65%以上.     

氟苯尼考对海洋沉积物中胞外酶活性的影响

通过室内模拟实验研究了氟苯尼考对海洋沉积物中纤维素酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,在整个培养期间,低浓度(10mg/kg)的氟苯尼考对纤维素酶和过氧化氢酶活性没有明显影响,而较高浓度(100mg/kg和500mg/kg)则对过氧化氢酶活性具有明显的抑制作用,且随着氟苯尼考浓度的增加抑制作用加大。氟苯尼考在初始阶段对沉积物中多酚氧化酶的活性有显著的抑制作用;随着培养时间的延长,低浓度(10mg/kg)的氟苯尼考对酶活性的影响变得不明显,而较高浓度(100mg/kg和500mg/kg)的氟苯尼考在整个培养期间对多酚氧化酶的活性都具有显著的抑制作用。