Numerical sea ice prediction in China

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Chlorophyll biomass off Sanriku, northwestern Pacific, estimated by Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (OCTS) and a vertical distribution model

To estimate chlorophyll biomass from satellite-derived data, we established an empirical model for the estimation of the chlorophyll vertical profile as a function of surface chlorophyll for four separate regions of the Sanriku area, using algorithms based upon ship observations from 1986 to 1995. The modeled profiles compared well with observations during the Sanriku Field Campaign. Chlorophyll biomass in the Sanriku Area estimated by a combination of OCTS data and the model varied from 2.6×10⁴ t in the Oyashio water to 8.2×10³ t in the Kuroshio water.     

Analysis of primary production in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, using a simple ecosystem model

A simple model of lower trophic level ecosystem has been created to analyze possible environmental control of primary production in eight sub-areas of the Seto Inland Sea. The primary production rates observed by Hashimotoet al. (1997a) in these sub-areas are well reproduced by the model, including horizontal processes such as horizontal transport of nutrients and vertical processes such as vertical mixing, light intensity and sinking of particulate matter. Without taking account of horizontal processes the model also successfully reproduces the observed primary production rates in some areas, but if fails to reproduce those in the others. This shows that the relative importance of the horizontal transport on the primary production differs are by area. Two time scales,T _z andT _H, are introduced to explain this difference.T _z is a vertical cycling time of material, which is defined as the time during which the stock of the material in the water column is utilized for primary production;T _H is the horizontal transit time of the material. The relative importance of the horizontal process is well explained by theT _H/T _z ratio; that is, the horizontal transport process is important in the areas where this ratio is small. Further the possible mechanisms of nutrient supply for the primary production in each sub-area are investigated using this model.     

Research on Water-Taking Characteristics of Huanghua Power Plant Reach

In this paper the water-taking characteristics of the first,the second and the third stage of theHuanghua Power Plant are studied by numerical model and physical model.The results show that the pres-ent inlet channel only satisfies the supply need of the first stage of the power plant.If the riverbed of the in-let reach is properly dredged,the need of water supply for the third stage of the power plant could be met.     

斜压海洋动力学的一种三维数值模式 Ⅰ.动力学方程数值格式

依据自由海面海洋动力学原始方程建立了一种三维有限差分数值模式,可用于潮波、风暴潮和海流的数值模拟和预报。运动方程和连续方程的数值格式采用内、外模态分离的技术。外模态采用交替方向隐格式,用于计算海面高度和垂直平均流速,时间步长不受Ｃｏｕｒａｎｔ－Ｆｒｉｄｅｒｉｃｈｓ－Ｌｅｗｙ条件限制;内模态采用半隐格式,用于计算海流的垂直２颁布,其时间步长可大于外模态时间步长。模式的计算程度比一般显式模式可快１０倍     

Model Test of Sand Restraining Force on Pipeline

This paper describes the model tests for determining the axial friction and the lateral resistance of sand to pipeline by using fine sand and prototype pipeline, and the calculation method based on limit analysis theory is verified. The effect of cyclic loading is considered in the test.     

渤海现代沉积作用与模式的研究

１９８７－１９９２年，中国科学院海洋研究所与渤海石油公司合作，开展了“渤海石油开发区区域性工程地质调查与评价”的研究。研究区域为水深大于１０ｍ的浅海海域。本文以调查资料为基础，对渤海现代沉积作用与模式进行了全面、深入地探讨，并予以综述。     

较大尺度下潮流物模试验理论可行性的数值研究

以渤海及其局部海域为例,通过数值模拟量化地转缺失对水动力过程的影响,评价不同空间尺度下实施潮流物理模型试验的理论可行性。结果表明,对整个渤海、辽东湾这么大尺度的海域实施物模试验理论上是不可行的;对90km尺度的渤海湾,地转缺失使模拟结果存在较大偏差;对莱州湾61km尺度的海域可进行物模试验。研究确定60km为实施潮流物模试验一般的理论允许尺度。     

一个重构的153年热带太平洋次表层上卷海温资料

次表层上卷海温对改进ENSO(厄尔尼诺-南方涛动,El Ni o-Southern Oscillation)模拟水平及ENSO年代际变化均具有重要作用。利用一个中等复杂程度耦合模式(intermediate coupled model,简称ICM)和Nudging(张弛逼近)同化方法,重构了1856—2008年间热带太平洋地区的次表层上卷海温。统计检验表明,重构的次表层上卷海温与近50年的3种分析资料间具有较高的相关性和较小的均方根误差。此外,通过此重构的次表层上卷海温资料重新驱动ICM模式,模拟得到的海表温度距平(sea surface temperature anomaly,简称SSTA)可以真实地反映出ENSO的年际和年代际变化,表明此重构的次表层上卷海温资料可用于气候研究,特别是用于ENSO的大尺度低频变化或年代际气候变化研究。     

西非深水浮筒和穿梭油轮水动力性能分析

应用三维势流理论及非线性时域耦合分析方法,在西非双方向涌浪和波浪条件下对深水浮筒及穿梭油轮水动力性能进行了数值计算,并与水池模型试验对比。对单浮筒在作业、生存海况下的运动响应进行了准确预报,同时对浮筒和穿梭油轮连接原油外输作业时的波频运动、平面运动给出了合理分析;得到原油外输装置在西非深水海域环境下的水动力响应特性,为我国参与西非深水海洋油气开采提供技术建议。