Generation of probabilistic displacement response spectra for displacement-based design

Displacement response spectrum (DRS), as the input, is of great significance to the displacement-based design just like the acceleration response spectrum to the traditional force-based design. Although the procedure of performance-based, in particular the displacement-based design has achieved considerable development, there is not a general DRS covering an enough long period range for common seismic design yet. This paper develops a systematic ground motion data processing procedure for the purpose of correcting the noise in the earthquake records and generating consistent DRS for seismic design. An adaptive algorithm is proposed to determine the cutoff frequency of the high-pass digital filter. The DRS of more than 500 recorded earthquake ground motions are generated and they are classified into three groups according to the ratio of the peak ground acceleration to the peak ground velocity (A/V) and/or the ratio of the peak ground velocity to the peak ground displacement (V/D). In each group, all the ground motions are normalized with respect to a selected scaling factor. Their corresponding DRS are obtained and then averaged to get the mean and standard deviation DRS, which can be used for both deterministic and probabilistic displacement-based design.     

中图分类号：O642.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：

不同形态硼酸盐焓、熵、吉布斯自由能等热力学参数极为缺乏,其准确测定对丰富和发展盐湖硼酸盐化学理论至关重要。本文采用TAM IV微量热计测定了五水合五硼酸钠(NaB₅O₈.5H₂O)溶解热。根据设计的热化学循环,结合Pitzer电解质模型和热力学基本公式,首次获得了NaB₅O₈.5H₂O在298.15 K下标准生成焓(, -5189.4820 kJ×mol^_-1)、标准生成熵(, 4380.4771 kJ×mol^_-1)、标准生成吉布斯自由能(, 4380.4771 kJ×mol^_-1)等热力学参数。这些尚未见报道的热力学参数对丰富无机盐热力学数据和促进盐湖资源综合利用具有重要的科学价值。     

中国大陆地区地磁场Z分量日变化相位的空间分布特征研究

利用全国52个地磁台站近20年的观测数据,分析我国大陆地磁Z分量日变化相位变化的空间分布特征,得到如下结论：（1）所有台站Z分量低点时间均服从正态分布;（2）Z分量低点时间期望值与经度之间具有很强的负相关关系,反映出显著的地方时依赖性;（3）低点时间标准差与纬度之间具有一定的正相关关系;（4）中国大陆存在两个Z分量低点时间的异常区域,均表现为低点时间比周围地区明显提前,且低点时间的离散度大于周边地区;（5）去除异常区观测点数据之后,低点时间标准差呈现出在30°N（和地磁纬度20°）附近为极小值而向低纬和高纬分别增大的特点,用二次或三次曲线可以在一定程度上描述这种相关关系.     

GPS三维基线向量向大地坐标差的直接转换

推导了ＧＰＳ三维基线向量向大地坐标差直接转换公式,编制出相应的转换程序。     

Processing of strong-motion accelerograms: needs, options and consequences

Recordings from strong-motion accelerographs are of fundamental importance in earthquake engineering, forming the basis for all characterizations of ground shaking employed for seismic design. The recordings, particularly those from analog instruments, invariably contain noise that can mask and distort the ground-motion signal at both high and low frequencies. For any application of recorded accelerograms in engineering seismology or earthquake engineering, it is important to identify the presence of this noise in the digitized time-history and its influence on the parameters that are to be derived from the records. If the parameters of interest are affected by noise then appropriate processing needs to be applied to the records, although it must be accepted from the outset that it is generally not possible to recover the actual ground motion over a wide range of frequencies. There are many schemes available for processing strong-motion data and it is important to be aware of the merits and pitfalls associated with each option. Equally important is to appreciate the effects of the procedures on the records in order to avoid errors in the interpretation and use of the results. Options for processing strong-motion accelerograms are presented, discussed and evaluated from the perspective of engineering application.     

雷达干涉PS网络的基线识别与解算方法

时序雷达干涉图中的永久散射体(PS)可看作“天然GPS点”, 以构成网络用于监测长期的地表形变. 本文提出采用邻接矩阵拓扑模型对基于Delaunay剖分算法生成的PS网络进行基线识别, 并采用时序相干最大化算法求解PS基线的线性形变速度增量和高程误差增量. 该数据模型和计算方法被应用于探测香港地区2006~2007年间的区域地表沉降. 实验研究采用由Envisat卫星ASAR传感器对该地区成像所获取的时序SAR影像作为数据源, 并联合该地区12个GPS连续运行参考站的观测数据予以大气修正和地面控制. 实验结果表明, 该模型和方法应用于地表形变测量是有效的和可靠的, PS网络方法探测地面沉降的精度约为±2.0 mm/a.     

利用空间技术求解现时板块运动参数

本文综合利用GPS及VLBI技术，以站心坐标速度为观测量，求解了五个主要板块的绝对和相对板块运动参数，进行了精度分析。并与传统的NUIVEL-1 A地学板块运动模型进行了比较，在一定程度上说明全球板块运动在最近300万年内总体上趋于稳定。     

A Model of Relation between Fluctuation of Double Differential Total Ionospheric Electron Content and Angular Distance of the Two Satellites Observed by Same-beam VLBI

Time delay and phase fluctuation are produced when the signals of a spacecraft are transmitted through the ionosphere of the earth, which give rise to a great influence on the measurement precision of VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry). Using the 1-year same-beam VLBI data of 2 satellites (Rstar and Vstar) in the Japanese lunar exploration project SELENE, we obtained a model of the relation between the fluctuation of double differential total electron content in the ionosphere and the angular distance of the two satellites. For the 6 baselines, the root mean square r of fluctuation (in units of TECU) and the angular distance of the two satellites θ (in units of ^°) has a relation of r = 0.773θ + 0.562, and for the 4 VLBI stations, the relation is r = 0.554θ + 0.399 from the baselines inversion. The results can serve as a reference for the derivation of differential phase delay and for the occultation observation and study of planetary ionospheres.     

用椭圆衰减关系模型计算任意场点烈度及地震动参数的数值方法

用椭圆衰减关系计算地震动或地震烈度,比较经典的做法是建立极坐标系,采用极坐标方程的方法.给出了一种在直角坐标系中即可求解的用椭圆衰减关系计算地震动或地震烈度的数值计算方法.另外,地震动椭圆衰减关系,应满足一定的模型要求,才能更客观地反映实际的地震动衰减物理过程.本算法的附加功能能够鉴别非标准的椭圆衰减关系.