North European last glacial–interglacial transition (LGIT; 15–9 ka) tephrochronology: extended limits and new events

High‐precision correlation of palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental records is crucial for testing hypotheses of synchronous change. Although radiocarbon is the traditional method for dating late Quaternary sedimentary sequences, particularly during the last glacial–interglacial transition (LGIT; 15–9 ka), there are inherent problems with the method, particularly during periods of climate change which are often accompanied by major perturbations in atmospheric radiocarbon content. An alternative method is the use of tephras that act as time‐parallel marker horizons. Within Europe, numerous volcanic centres are known to have erupted during the LGIT, providing considerable potential for high‐precision correlation independent of past radiocarbon fluctuations. Here we report the first identification of the Vedde Ash and Askja Tephra in Ireland, significantly extending the known provenance of these events. We have also identified two new horizons (the Roddans Port Tephras A and B) and tentatively recognise an additional horizon from Vallensgård Mose (Denmark) that provide crucial additional chronological control for the LGIT. Two phases of the Laacher See Tephra (LST) are reported, the lower Laacher See Tephra (LLST) and probably the C2 phase of the Middle Laacher See Tephra (MLST‐C2) indicating a more northeasterly distribution of this fan than reported previously. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new Lower Triassic (Induan) Jerus Limestone locality in northwest Pahang,Peninsular Malaysia: Conodont fauna,depositional and tectonic settings

Limestones exposed north of Raub, Pahang, Malaysia, and sandwiched between the Bentong‐Raub Suture Zone and the westernmost margin of the Sukhothai Arc terrane, yield a late Dienerian (late Induan) conodont fauna. The co‐occurrence of Neospathodus dieneri Sweet (morphotypes 1, 2 and 3) and Neospathodus pakistanensis Sweet represents the Neospathodus dieneri morphotype 3 sub‐zone of the Neospathodus dieneri Zone. The sampled limestones are interpreted as the northwards extension of the Jerus Limestone which crops out near Cheroh and Jerus villages, significantly extending the known outcrop of the Jerus Limestone northwards. The Jerus Limestone is interpreted as hemipelagic and formed in a foredeep or forearc setting on top of the accretionary complex formed by eastwards subduction of the Palaeo‐Tethys during the Lower to Middle Triassic.     

富含古罗糖醛酸的褐藻多糖生产菌株的构建

为获得古罗糖醛酸(Guluronate)含量高的细菌胞外褐藻多糖,利用PCR从海洋细菌Pseudomonassp.QDA中克隆了其甘露糖醛酸C-5差向异构酶基因(algG),连接入质粒pMF 54Km,构建了重组表达载体pMF54 Km-algG。利用三亲接合法将pMF54 Km-algG转入菌株QDA中,获得algG过量表达重组菌株QDA-G1。H-NMR测定结果表明,QDA-G所产的褐藻多糖中β-D-甘露糖醛酸(M)与它的C-5差向异构体α-L-古罗糖醛酸(G)的比值为0.38,G的质量分数达到74.2%,比野生菌株QDA提高了26.4%。且重组菌株遗传稳定性良好,连续传代20代后,M/G的比值无明显变化。     

菏泽5.9级地震前后水准测量与承压水变化关系的研究

利用深层承压水头观测结果,对东明——菏泽长水准测线8——9号测段的高差变化进行了回归计算和相关分析。认为菏泽市城区9号测点下沉的主要原因是受深层承压水头变化的影响。排除地下水影响因素后证实,1983年11月7日菏泽5.9级地震前后仅3mm左右的升降变化,表明9号测点对这次中强地震仅能反映微弱的形变信息量。     

A unique Galactic planetary nebula with a [WN] central star

We report the discovery of the first probable Galactic [WN] central star of a planetary nebula (CSPN). The planetary nebula candidate was found during our systematic scans of the AAO/UKST Hα Survey of the Milky Way. Subsequent confirmatory spectroscopy of the nebula and central star reveals the remarkable nature of this object. The nebular spectrum shows emission lines with large expansion velocities exceeding 150 km s⁻¹, suggesting that perhaps the object is not a conventional planetary nebula. The central star itself is very red and is identified as being of the [WN] class, which makes it unique in the Galaxy. A large body of supplementary observational data supports the hypothesis that this object is indeed a planetary nebula and not a Population I Wolf–Rayet star with a ring nebula.     

重磁异常正反演可视化实时方法技术改进

摘 要 给出了2∙5D 多边形截面棱柱体重磁异常的简化表达式及其偏导数;提供了实用的可 视化模型建立、修改、实时正反演中的一些具体方法技术。借助这一操作方便、功能强大的 图形化实时反演系统‚资料解释工作者可以综合利用各种地质资料对计算过程实现引导和控 制‚使其解释思想及技术方案得到充分体现‚从而提高计算速度和质量。     

高分五号高光谱数据融合方法比较

数据融合是解决高光谱卫星在时空分辨率等指标上受限的有效途径,探讨不同方法在GF-5高光谱数据上的融合效果,对GF-5高光谱数据的信息挖掘与推广应用有着重要意义。本文本着算法简单易用、适于推广的原则,采用GS（Gram-Schmidt）葛兰—施密特正交变换融合算法、GSA（GS Adaptive）自适应GS融合算法、CNMF（Coupled Non-negative Matrix Factorization）耦合非负矩阵分解融合算法、CRISP-W（Color Resolution Improvement Software Package with Wavelet transform）基于小波变换和CRISP-B（Color Resolution Improvement Software Package with Butterworth）基于巴特沃斯滤波器的分辨率提升融合算法、GLP（Generalized Laplacian Pyramid）广义拉普拉斯金字塔融合算法共6种融合方法,分别对BJ-2、GF-2、GF-1、GF-1C、GF-1D国产卫星多光谱数据与GF-5高光谱数据进行融合实验。通过目视分析、指标评价（相关系数、通用图像质量指标、峰值信噪比、光谱角、全局综合误差）、分类应用、时间成本4种方式对融合结果进行综合比较分析。结果表明,相融合的一组图像系列相同、空间分辨率相差越小,融合结果越好。CRISP-B、CRISP-W、GLP在提升空间分辨率、光谱保真度方面能达到较好的平衡,空间重建方面,GLP稍优且更稳定,CRISP-B、CRISP-W则在光谱信息保持方面稳定性更强且效果更好。数据源会对融合方法产生一定的影响,在光谱特征信息提取、分析等对光谱保真度要求高的工作中,GLP更适合同源数据（如GF-5与GF-1/1C/1D/2）融合,而在多源数据间（如GF-5与BJ-2）进行融合时,则优先选择CRISP-W。CNMF存在一定程度的色彩畸变,且运行时间较长。GSA、GS融合效果最差,其中,GSA不论是光谱保持能力还是空间分辨率提升能力均较GS更稳定。在小样本高光谱图像分类应用中,CRISP-B融合结果分类效果稳定,分类精度较高。GSA融合结果空间细节丰富,虽光谱失真较为严重,但同时增大了地物光谱分离度,仍适用于准确勾勒建筑物、道路等地物。本研究为GF-5高光谱数据与其他国产卫星多光谱数据融合方法的选择提供参考,有助于高分五号高光谱数据的应用与推广。     

Influence of future tropical cyclone track changes on their basin-wide intensity over the western North Pacific: Downscaled CMIP5 projections

The possible changes of tropical cyclone(TC) tracks and their influence on the future basin-wide intensity of TCs over the western North Pacific(WNP) are examined based on the projected large-scale environments derived from a selection of CMIP5(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) models. Specific attention is paid to the performance of the CMIP5 climate models in simulating the large-scale environment for TC development over the WNP. A downscaling system including individual models for simulating the TC track and intensity is used to select the CMIP5 models and to simulate the TC activity in the future.The assessment of the future track and intensity changes of TCs is based on the projected large-scale environment in the21 st century from a selection of nine CMIP5 climate models under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5(RCP4.5)scenario. Due to changes in mean steering flows, the influence of TCs over the South China Sea area is projected to decrease,with an increasing number of TCs taking a northwestward track. Changes in prevailing tracks and their contribution to basin-wide intensity change show considerable inter-model variability. The influences of changes in prevailing track make a marked contribution to TC intensity change in some models, tending to counteract the effect of SST warming. This study suggests that attention should be paid to the simulated large-scale environment when assessing the future changes in regional TC activity based on climate models. In addition, the change in prevailing tracks should be considered when assessing future TC intensity change.     

基于PyQt5的水深比对检测系统在水下地形测量检查中的应用

水下地形测量质量检查主要通过布设一定数量的检查线,通过比对检查线和主测线相交处一定范围的测点水深差值来衡量,还需检查主测线长度、检查线长度、各深度区间中误差、不符值比例等参数信息。主测线数据和检查线数据量一般都比较大,单纯依靠人工对比计算难以高效、准确实现。目前Python语言以其简洁易用、可扩展行强的优点逐渐成为主流编程语言。PyQt5是Python中一个广泛使用的GUI工具包,可方便构建图形用户程序。本文针对水下地形测量质量检查检测数据量大、检查参数多的特点,利用Python语言,基于PyQt5设计开发了一套水深比对检测系统,在山东省水库水下地形测量质量检查中得到了实际应用,取得了较好的效果。     

基于无人船的水质监测及控制系统设计

针对执行水质监测任务过程中固定浮标监测站单点监测存在局限性、船载观测人员取样耗时耗力等问题,本文设计了一种搭载多点、分层自动采水取样装置的智能无人船水质监测系统,可实现目标水域的多点、分层连续水质数据测量及取样。该智能无人船具备基于快速随机树(Rapid Random Tree)算法的自主避障和快速路径规划功能,解决了现有无人船技术存在的多障碍自主路径规划难等问题。同时,本设计结合了ARM9控制芯片、M5310无线传输模块,通过可视化的显示界面和远程WEB访问的功能,大大提升了科研人员及时处理特殊情况便捷性。通过实验测试及比对分析,证明本设计具有智能高效、稳定可靠等优点,能够满足职能部门对于水质监测工作的需要。