GRP文件格式到MIF格式的实现

为将ＧＲＰ文件格式转换成ＭＩＦ文件格式，提供一种数据不变，而文件存储方式改变的数据转换方法和实例。     

武汉基准台超导重力仪重力潮汐观测结果

本文采用重力残差信号对武汉基准台超导重力仪的原始观测数据（２０秒采样）作预处理，将原始观测信号分解成重力潮汐和残差两部分，在残差信号中消除一些已知的干扰因素的影响。利用ＥＴＥＲＮＡ软件作调和分析，两主波（Ｏ１和Ｍ２）的重力潮汐参数（振幅因子和相位滞后）为：Ｏ１：１．１７８８±０．０００６，－０．５９７５°±０．０２８°；Ｍ２：１．１７１３±０．０００２，－０．５８７３°±０．００８°经海潮改正以后，Ｏ１和Ｍ２波的潮汐参数与Ｗａｈｒ－Ｄｅｈａｎｔ潮汐模型值相比，振幅因子的偏差优于０．１％。     

RS与GIS集成环境下的遥感图像分析技术

通过多源数据融合，将目前GIS中包含的地理信息作为辅助数据，引入到RS图像分析过程中。GIS数据在空间信息、目标属性和目标范围等方面对RS图像分析具有重要的引导作用。     

关于地理信息系统学科的理论基础与体系框架

地理信息系统已成为一门独立的学科，关于它的理论基础与体系框架应该是一个值得研究的问题。从地理信息系统的本质看，它是传输地理环境信息的现代化工具，“空间认知”与“地理系统”作为地理信息系统的认识论和方法论，是地理信息系统的理论基础；地理信息系统理论、技术与应用构成了它的体系框架。     

近地层相似理论适用的分析研究

利用实测的脉动场与平均场同步梯度观测资料研究近地层相似理论的适用性。结果表明：理论的核心——近地层为常数通量层的近似假设在有植被陆面上是基本不成立的。Ｗ′Ｔ′随高度明显减小；摩擦速度ｕ＊在３０ｍ高度范围内可增大２４％左右。用相似理论关系式（或称作廓线通量法）得到的通量值只代表某高度层以下的平均值     

地理信息系统中数据产品的标准化

本文概述了地理信息系统在我国的兴起和发展及其国外背景和应用前景。论述了数据产品在地理信息系统中的重要性及其标准化的重要性和必要性。简单地提出了标准化的解决方法，以便参考。从而呼请有关部门对这一实际问题给予足够的重视。     

线性度方法在前兆观测数据分析处理中的应用

利用空间线性度方法，对前兆场中不同台站，不同学科的前兆观测数据从总体形态上进行综合分析，得到关于描述前兆场的新的特征量ａ（空间线性度）本文给出了空间线性度的具体计算方法，并以华北地区为例，分析处理了区内１９７０～１９９４年部分地电阻率和地下水位观测资料，所得结果表明，新的前兆特征量ａ在中强地震之前一年左右时间内有异常显示。     

Qualitätsanforderungen an Oberflächengewässer: Zielvorgaben,Qualitätsziele und chemische Gewässergüteklassifizierung

Quality Requirements for Fresh Waters: Water Quality Targets, Water Quality Objectives, and Chemical Water Quality Classification In the Federal Republic of Germany, water quality requirements for the protection of inland surface waters against hazardous substances are formulated on the basis of a quality targets derivation concept developed jointly by the Federal Government and the Federal States. The quality requirements were termed “water quality targets” in order to make it clear that the values derived are orientational values rather than legally binding limit values. The international comparison of quality requirements for surface waters shows that, on the whole, the national quality targets ensure a high level of protection. According to present scientific knowledge, impairments of uses, such as supply of drinking water, or risks to aquatic communities need not to be expected if the quality targets are complied with. A comparison of water quality data with the water quality targets makes it possible, on the one hand, to identify those substances whose inputs must be further reduced; on the other hand, it also shows that, for a number of substances, there is no need at present for concern over their adversely water quality. A further differentiation of the aquatic hazard potential of pollutants allows a water quality classification system to be developed on the basis of the quality targets derivation concept. The basic elements of this water quality classification system are presented, and its application is explained by way of examples.     

国际全球变化计划与世界数据中心的联合行动：1997年联合数据会议及其启示

对国际全球变化研究计划的数据信息系统和世界数据中心联合召开的会议，以及会议做出的双方进行有效数据合作的若干决定和今后共同中的行动计划做了详细介绍。并根据国际发展趋势对我国有关数据工作的对策进行探讨并提出了建议。     

Toxic Cyanobacteria in Greek Freshwaters, 1987—2000: Occurrence,Toxicity, and Impacts in the Mediterranean Region

In a survey in Greece from 1987 to 2000 hepatotoxic cyanobacterial blooms were observed in 9 out of 33 freshwaters. Microcystins (MCYSTs) were detected by HPLC in 7 of these lakes, and the total MCYST concentration per scum dry weight ranged from 50.3 to 1638 ± 464 μg g^—1. Cyanobacterial genera (Microcystis, Anabaena, Anabaenopsis, Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis) with known toxin producing taxa were present in 31 freshwaters. From our data and a review of the literature, it would appear that Mediterranean countries are more likely 1) to have toxic cyanobacterial blooms consisting of Microcystis spp. and 2) to have higher intracellular MCYST concentrations. A case study in Lake Kastoria is used to highlight seasonal patterns of cyanobacterial and MCYST‐LR occurrence and to assess cyanotoxin risk. Cyanobacterial biovolume was high (> 11 μL L^—1) throughout the year and was in excess of Guidance Level 2 (10 μL L^—1) proposed by WHO for recreational waters and Alert Level 2 for drinking water. Further, surface water samples from April to November exceeded Guidance Level 3, with the potential for acute cyanobacterial poisoning. Intracellular MCYST‐LR concentrations (max 3186 μg L^—1) exceeded the WHO guideline for drinking water (1 μg L^—1) from September to November with a high risk of adverse health effects. Preliminary evidence indicates that in 3 lakes microcystins are accumulated in some aquatic organisms. Generally, a high risk level can be deduced from the data for the Mediterranean region.