非线性差分方程的正不减解

最近Ｃｈｅｎｇ用Ｓｃｈａｕｄｅｎ不动点对来自Ｈａｒｄｙ不等式的一个非线性差分方程建立了正不减解存在性定理。本文用增算子理论给出该方程的一个新的存在正不减解的充分条件。     

Operator‐splitting method for real‐time substructure testing

It has been shown that the operator‐splitting method (OSM) provides explicit and unconditionally stable solutions for quasi‐static pseudo‐dynamic substructure testing. However, the OSM provides only an explicit target displacement but not an explicit target velocity, so that it is essentially an implicit method for real‐time substructure testing (RST) when the velocity‐dependent restoring force is considered. This paper proposes a target velocity formulation based on the forward difference of the predicted displacements so as to render the OSM explicit for RST. The stability and accuracy of the resulting OSM‐RST algorithm are investigated. It is shown that the OSM‐RST is unconditionally stable so long as the non‐linear stiffness and damping are of the softening type (i.e. the tangent stiffness and damping never exceed the initial values). The stability of the OSM‐RST for structures with infinite tangent damping coefficient or stiffness is also proved, and the stability of the method for MDOF structures with a non‐classical damping matrix is demonstrated by an energy criterion. The effects of actuator delay and compensation are analysed based on the bilinear approximation of the actuator step response. Experiments on damped SDOF and MDOF structures verify that the stability of the OSM‐RST is preserved when the experimental substructure generates velocity‐dependent reaction forces, whereas the stability of real‐time substructure tests based on the central difference method is worsened by the damping of the specimen. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

最优可分表示法三维波场延拓

适于复杂介质的高精度波场延拓算子是叠前深度偏移研究的重要内容。本文采用最优可分表示方法,运用正反傅立叶变换构造了三维单程波场延拓算子,算子实现了波数域变量与空间(速度)域变量分离。波数域内进行相移计算,在空间域对因介质横向变速引起的时移作修正。脉冲响应显示在区域内各速度的脉冲计算值与理论值基本一致,说明最优可分表示法叠前深度偏移可适用于强变速条件下复杂介质的成像需求。SEG／EAGE模型和实测数据的成像结果验证了本文方法对复杂构造的成像能力。     

基于遗传算法最短路径问题的探讨

对用遗传算法求解最短路径问题作了有益的尝试，详细分析了求解最佳路径的遗传算法的构成要素，提出了一种新的交叉算子，并且论证了算法参数对结果的影响。通过仿真实验，给出了算法的主要性能参数，证明了算法的可行性。并指出了遗传算法求解最短路径问题的不足之处。     

A study of the modelling error in two operator splitting algorithms for porous media flow

Operator splitting methods are often used to solve convection–diffusion problems of convection dominated nature. However, it is well known that such methods can produce significant (splitting) errors in regions containing self sharpening fronts. To amend this shortcoming, corrected operator splitting methods have been developed. These approaches use the wave structure from the convection step to identify the splitting error. This error is then compensated for in the diffusion step. The main purpose of the present work is to illustrate the importance of the correction step in the context of an inverse problem. The inverse problem will consist of estimating the fractional flow function in a onedimensional saturation equation.     

三维非均匀介质中真振幅地震偏移算子研究

利用三维非均匀介质中的波动方程,进行振幅保真波场偏移算子分解,得到用于真振幅偏移的单程波方程. 经过数学推理,导出裂步Fourier法真振幅偏移和Fourier有限差分法真振幅偏移的算子方程,并给出其具体的实现过程.     

城市居住区规划评价的群决策一致方法

从抗震防灾的角度对城市建成居住区评价的群决策方法进行了研究,建立了基于各不同评价角度相关群体对于候评区域的每个属性,依据自己的判断提出各自差异的个体决策信息,采用乘性加权集结算子构造群体决策矩阵,并判断群体决策矩阵与个体决策矩阵之间的相似度差异值,指导个体决策矩阵的修正,完成个体意见的一致化,得到了初始居住区规划方案评价群决策的计算模型。实例分析的结果表明,采用群决策评价的一致方法有利于提高多利益主体对居住规划方案评价群决策的综合满意度。     

最小二乘傅立叶有限差分偏移

一般偏移算法是用反演算子通过解析方法求解.最小二乘偏移方法采用另一种思路,即采用数值方法,通过解一个线性离散反问题来索求解.这样我们试着寻找一个模型匹配地震数据并能表现出其某些特点来得到偏移图像.最小二乘法能减少偏移赝像,得到更精确的偏移效果.Kirchhoff算子在最小二乘偏移方法中应用较广,但需要较多的迭代次数,而且具有Kirchhoff偏移的缺点.本文把最小二乘方法运用到基于波长延拓的波动方程偏移方法中,为提高最小二乘偏移的效率,可采用效率较高的正传播算子和反传播算子.我们利用效率较高,能适应剧烈横向变速的傅立叶有限差分正传播和反传播算子来做叠后最小二乘偏移.数值实例表明,通过少数的共轭梯度法迭代,就能得到与真实模型差别很微小的偏移效果.对于傅式变换我们采用了数值软件FFTW,其变换速度比常规FFT算法一般要快六倍以上,进一步提高了效率.本文算法很容易在并行机上实现,这些特点在处理大型数据时大有裨益.     

频率域粘弹性声波透射波形速度反演

在用稀疏矩阵的LU分解技术对频率域粘弹性声波方程进行直接求解的基础上,根据失配函数二范数最小准则, 用预条件梯度类方法对粘弹性声波介质的速度结构进行了逐频反演. 局部非均匀介质模型和层状介质模型速度结构反演的实验结果表明,不同频率能够反映地下介质的多尺度物性结构（低频数据对应与介质物性的大尺度结构）,用低频反演结果作为高频反演的初值逼近这一顺序模式,能大大改善反演过程中解的非唯一性. 而且,在反演过程中用Hess矩阵的对角线元素来做梯度类方法的预条件算子,能够吸收了高斯牛顿法的二次收敛优势, 使得本文算法具有较快的收敛速度.      

Visco-acoustic transmission waveform inversion of velocity structure in space-frequency domain

According to the least square criterion of minimizing the misfit between modeled and observed data,this paper provides a preconditioned gradient method to invert the visco-acoustic velocity structure on the basis of using sparse matrix LU factorization technique to directly solve the visco-acoustic wave forward problem in space-frequency domain.Numerical results obtained in an inclusion model inversion and a layered homogeneous model inversion demonstrate that different scale media have their own frequency ...