数字水准仪数据传输转换和管理信息系统的建立

随着市场上数字水准仪类型的增多,水准测量数据的后处理软件也呈多样化,且软件之间没有互通性,给实际工程带来诸多不便。其次,许多工程单位仍是人工数据管理模式,已不能满足现代信息化的需要。基于此,本文利用Delphi可视化开发语言、SQL Server 2000大型数据库以及SuperMap Objects图形组件开发了一套程序,使得各种典型数字水准仪的数据传输转换和水准测量数据的管理更方便、有效。此程序已经在大量的工程实践中得到应用。     

改进的Hough变换在机场跑道检测中的应用

提出了一种改进的Hough变换方法用于机场跑道的检测。传统Hough变换存在计算量大等缺陷,本文利用直线边缘的梯度相位信息把Hough变换中θ的取值限定在一个较小的范围内,同时减少用于计算的像素点数,大大降低了计算量。通过实验证明了本文方法切实可行。     

华北定点形变的小波分析与地震活动研究

利用小波分析方法对华北地区１９９０ 年到１９９８ 年的多台定点形变观测资料进行了分析计算,并将计算结果与该地区的地震活动进行了对比分析,同时讨论了不同阶的小波分解结果的物理意义及其与地震之间的对应关系。认为小波分解本质是窗口加权滑动平均,能有效地对各种不同频率成分的形变按不同的频段分离,为识别地震形变异常提供一种新的手段。在空间分布上,地形变的变化幅度与地震活动强度相对应,即在华北西北部地震活动性较强的包头、张家口一带,台站形变的强度明显高于华北东南部地震活动性较弱的泰安、营口等地区。在时间分布上,张北ＭＬ６ ．２ 级地震前大约两年东西方向的形变振幅随时间变化明显加大。     

小波变换应用于日长变化的研究进展

随着空间测地技术的发展,日长变化的观测资料已经达到了空前高的程度,迫切需要合适的数学工具和方法从这些高精度的观测资料中提取有价值的信息.近些年,小波变换被应用于天文学和地球科学的资料分析中,它通过伸缩和平移等运算对时间信号进行多尺度的细化分析,从中提取有效的信息.本文主要介绍了小波变换应用于日长变化的研究进展,并初步探讨该领域以后的研究方向.     

Elastic fields in two joined transversely isotropic media of infinite extent as a result of rectangular loading

This paper presents the closed‐form solutions for the elastic fields in two bonded rocks induced by rectangular loadings. Each of the two bonded rocks behaves as a transversely isotropic linear elastic solid of semi‐infinite extent. They are completely bonded together at a horizontal surface. The rectangular loadings are body forces along either vertical or horizontal directions and are uniformly applied on a rectangular area. The rectangular area is embedded in the two bonded rocks and is parallel to the horizontal interface. The classical integral transforms are used in the solution formulation, and the elastic solutions are expressed in the forms of elementary harmonic functions for the rectangular loadings. The stresses and displacements in the rocks induced by both the horizontal and vertical body forces are also presented. The numerical results illustrate the important effect of the anisotropic bimaterial properties on the stress and displacement fields. The solutions can be easily implemented for numerical calculations and applied to problems encountered in rock mechanics and engineering. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analytic element modelling for strip aquifers

The Analytic Element Method (AEM) provides a convenient tool for groundwater flow analysis in unbounded continuous domains. The AEM is based on the superposition of analytic functions, known as elements, useful at both regional and local scales. In this study, analytic elements for strip aquifers are presented. Such aquifers occur in riverine or coastal deposits and in outcrop zones of confined aquifers. Local flow field is modelled indirectly, using a reference plane related to the aquifer domain through the Schwarz‐Christoffel transform. The regional flow is obtained as a solution of the one‐dimensional flow equation. The proposed methodology was tested by modelling two hypothetical situations, which were compared to exact solutions. It is shown that regional boundaries can be reproduced exactly while local fields are adequately reproduced with analytic elements. The developed elements are applied to simulate a real flow field in northeastern Brazil showing good agreement with measured water levels. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Fourier Integral Method: An efficient spectral method for simulation of random fields

The Fourier Integral Method (FIM) of spectral simulation, adapted to generate realizations of a random function in one, two, or three dimensions, is shown to be an efficient technique of non-conditional geostatistical simulation. The main contribution is the use of the fast Fourier transform for both numerical calculus of the density spectral function and as generator of random finite multidimensional sequences with imposed covariance. Results obtained with the FIM are compared with those obtained by other classic methods: Shinozuka and Jan Method in 1D and Turning Bands Method in 2D and 3D, the points for and against different methodologies are discussed. Moreover, with the FIM the simulation of nested structures, one of which can be a nugget effect and the simulation of both zonal and geometric anisotropy is straightforward. All steps taken to implement the FIM methodology are discussed.     

HOUGH变换在海浪遥感图像处理中的应用

本文提出了一种以FIOUGH变换为基础的海浪波长波向分析法,并对SEASAT合成孔径雷达获取的海洋遥感图像进行了方向和波长分析。该方法模拟人类纹理视觉机理,首先应用CFCM动态聚类方法对波峰、波谷和过渡带进行分类,然后采用随机行走模型对分类图像进行滤波,以获得整图的全局走向信息,再以此先验信息为先导对分类后的纹理图像进行定向跟踪拟合,得到代表海浪波峰的直线族图,最后在再对此图进行HOUGH变换和分析的基础上得到精确的波长与波向。