CHAMP卫星快速科学轨道数据的使用及精度评定

指出了德国GFZ数据中心提供的CHAMP卫星快速科学轨道数据存在的两个问题，即：1)轨道数据文件开始、结束段精度较低；2)轨道数据中存在粗差。针对这些问题，给出了CHAMP卫星快速科学轨道数据的拼接及粗差探测方法。利用德国慕尼黑技术大学提供的精密约化动力法轨道对CHAMP卫星快速轨道数据的精度进行了评估。结果表明：CHAMP卫星快速科学轨道的位置精度在10～20cm左右，速度精度为0．3～0．5mm／s。     

龙羊峡库区环境动态监测信息系统的建立与应用

以黄河上游最大的水利工程－－龙羊峡水库为实验区,围绕库区存在的主要环境问题的研究,应用遥感与ＧＩＳ一体化的方法,研究设计了系统结构、功能及数据库的组成,并建立了可运行的龙羊峡库区环境动态监测信息系统,在系统支持下有效的实现了库区环境动态监测与应用,由于该系统较强的可操作性和适应性,其成果在高寒干旱与半干旱地区环境研究中具有推广和应用价值。     

Interactive analysis of the spatial distribution of disease using a geographic information systems

Geographic information systems (GIS) provide a variety of tools for the manipulation and display of public health data. Few, however, enable users to interactively evaluate hypotheses on spatial trends in disease risk that may be suggested by maps of measures of disease impact. We addressed this limitation by developing a seamless interface between a commercial GIS and a suite of spatial analysis algorithms. Users of the system can utilize the GIS's capability to interactively select and manipulate geographically referenced data and, through a series of pull-down menus, apply a variety of exploratory analysis methods to this information. In the presented application, we illustrate this capability by including algorithms for the reduction of random noise in observed incidence rates, for the detection of unusual aggregations of disease events, and for the statistical evaluation of inferences drawn from spatial trends. We demonstrate this application by examining lung cancer mortality in the state of Ohio. Received: 22 September 1999 / Accepted: 8 March 2000     

Singularity detection of the thin bed seismic signals with wavelet transform

IntroductionIn1977,Sheriff(1977)provedthedetectiftglimitthatwasdefinedasminimumthicknessofthereflectionthinbedtobel/30wavelength.Applyingthesingularitydetectionprinciplewithwavelettransforminthispaper,weanalyzethereflectionseismicsignalsofthethinbed...     

高速公路路基施工质量检测试验研究

安徽省芜湖～宣城段高速公路位于软土地基区,采用粉喷桩或搅拌水泥柱加固地基,为了快速,准确地检测水泥桩的质理,采用多种方法进行检测研究,本文简要介绍这些检测方法效果及对比其优缺点,并寻求一种快速、准确、低成本的检测方法技术组合。     

A-HIGHERS—The System to Produce the High Spatial Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Maps of the Western North Pacific Using the AVHRR/NOAA

To study on the oceanic variations in the western North Pacific, we developed a system to produce a high spatial resolution sea surface temperature (SST) map from the data obtained by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) aboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites. As the system has been improved on the HIGHERS (Sakaida and Kawamura, 1996), it is called the Advanced-HIGHERS (A-HIGHERS). The A-HIGHERS has been developed on the super computer in the Tohoku University, which is favorable for handling of a large volume of data. Mainly because of improvements in the cloud detection algorithm, the A-HIGHERS can deal with the data obtained at dawn and dusk around the year, and at daytime in summer more effectively. The A-HIGHERS are used to produce SST maps spanning from (60°N, 120°E) to (20°N, 160°E) with a grid size of 0.01 degree.     

探地雷达探测地下管线机理研究及实例分析

探地雷达是一种适应快速、准确探测地下障碍物而迅速发展的新型电磁仪器。探讨了探地雷达探测地下管线的机理,得出了走时曲线方程,并通过对探测实例详细地分析亦探讨了复杂条件下探地雷达资料采集和图像解释的方法,介绍了一维滤波、偏移回归、时深转换等数据处理方法和经验,验证了该方法的可行性,表明该技术具有良好地应用前景。     

干旱地区植被指数(VI)的适宜性研究

以位于典型干旱区的甘肃河西地区石羊河下游的民勤绿洲为例,对NDVI、SAVI、MSAVI和GEMI等4种VI(植被指数)受土壤背景光谱影响的程度和探测低盖度植被的能力进行了对比研究。通过分析VI提取植被信息时植被土壤噪音比的变化发现,植被覆盖较低条件下VI提取植被信息总体受土壤背景光谱影响程度较低,相比而言,GEMI提取植被信息中受土壤背景影响最小,其他3种VI的区别不太明显。通过分析不同VI随植被覆盖度增加的反映速率变化及不同覆盖条件下不同VI的取值范围的变化发现,NDVI探测低盖度植被的能力最强,GEMI次之。GEMI可能是干旱地区植被探测较适宜的植被指数。     

堤防动物洞穴的探地雷达探测研究

通过探地雷达对淮沭河大堤獾洞隐患的探测,分析了獾洞的结构特征,给出了獾洞的典型雷达图像特征,推断了测区内獾洞穴道的位置、深度和走向,为堤防獾洞隐患治理提供了资料。探测结果表明,探地雷达设备轻便,对场地要求低,易于在任意方向加密探测,对浅层地下洞穴的探测非常有效。     

基于反射波特征小波分析的工程基础无损检测

针对现有工程基础无损检测中反射波分析的不足,对Morlet和Marr小波及其小波变换进行了深入分析,指出它们在反射波分析上具有优势互补性。结合两个小波的优势,提出了Morlet小波域能量密度谱辨识动力学特征和Marr小波域模谱提取奇异特征的反射波分析方法,并构建了基于小波域香农熵的Morlet最优基小波确定技术。由反射波的动力学特征可以识别损伤模式,由反射波的奇异特征可以实施损伤定位,两者相结合构成了一条有机的基于反射波特征小波分析的工程基础精细无损检测技术路线。模型实验分析中概括归纳了工程基础的基本损伤模式,并验证了技术路线的可行、有效性。