Analysis of SRTM data as an aid to hydrocarbon exploration in a frontier area of the Amazonas Sedimentary Basin,northern Brazil

The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) provided an unprecedented source of space-borne topographic information that has shown to be of particular interest for studies in densely vegetated tropical areas, such as Central Amazonia. The digital elevation models produced in that region show subtle details of the terrain that usually appear blurred in conventional remote sensing images. Interpretation of an SRTM-derived drainage network and geomorphometric features revealed several drainage anomalies, which are possibly the surface expression of buried morphostructural features. Integration with geological and geophysical ancillary data strongly suggested that interpreted features constitute potential structural sites for hydrocarbon exploration. However, due to their inferred nature, the structures herein identified are not by themselves a justification for drilling. However, they do provide information for planning seismic surveys, thus reducing costs of the exploration campaigns, as well as minimizing potential environmental impacts of such an enterprise in areas of tropical rain forests. Despite the relatively small size of the study area, it is expected that procedures presented in this paper can be successfully applied throughout the approximately 1,000,000 km² of sedimentary basins in the Brazilian Amazonian region.     

不同地形高程数据对青海夏季气温和降水模拟准确度的影响

基于SRTM 90 m、USGS 30 s地形高程数据及青海气象台站实际海拔高度数据,分析了采用不同高度数据对青海地区2014年夏季气温和降水模拟准确度的影响。采用国家基本观测站的气象观测资料对模拟结果进行检验,结果表明:相对于台站实际海拔高度,模式地形总体偏高,青海南部和祁连山区海拔较高地区及青海东部地形梯度较大地区尤甚。相对于模式自带的原始地形数据,除青海东部外,其余大部分地区SRTM高程数据给出的模式地形高度增加。采用SRTM高程数据对气温影响较小;模式中引入青海气象台站海拔高程数据对于最高气温的模拟准确率提高显著,青海南部及祁连山区海拔较高地区以及黄南、海南中部地形梯度较大地区模拟和实测数据偏差减少显著,模拟的最低气温改善不如最高气温明显。同时采用SRTM高程数据及引入气象台站实际海拔高度数据对青海海西中部及东部地区降水改进较为明显。