交通监控视频图像语义分割及其拼接方法

视频拼接是图像拼接的外延,在场景监控、目标识别等应用中发挥着重要作用。传统视频拼接算法多要求视频间具有较大重叠区域且特征点匹配过程中只顾及图像几何特征,当处理交通监控视频时,会因不同摄像头之间重叠区域极小或主光轴之间夹角较大而导致无法拼接或图像变形较大。为此,本文提出一种交通监控视频图像语义分割及其拼接方法。首先,利用边缘角度二阶差分直方图算法自动识别多视频交汇区域的正射影像,并将其作为拼接背景图像;然后,基于全卷积神经网络对正射影像和视频图像进行语义分割,提取图像中的交通专题语义;最后,以交通专题语义作为约束进行特征点匹配,将各个交通监控视频匹配至背景正射影像,实现监控区域视频拼接。采用山东省某市实际视频数据进行试验验证,结果表明对于重叠区域较小的监控视频,本文方法可获得较好地拼接图像,同时可有效提高特征点匹配的准确度。     

无线电高度与数字地图辅助导航算法研究

无线电高度表和数字地图的组合构成地形轮廓匹配 (TERCOM )辅助导航系统 ,它是一种飞行导航定位的重要手段 ,由于地形辅助导航不依赖卫星导航系统、不受外界干扰、具有自主导航的功能 ,故近年来获得了迅速发展。本文对传统的地形匹配算法进行了如下改进 :利用实测高程序列和预测高程序列与基准图分别进行匹配 ,对飞行器进行实时定位并对下一时刻的航迹进行预测 ;利用递推和分层匹配策略提高配准效率 ;利用多判据组合匹配提高定位的可靠性。根据本文所提出的数学模型 ,并用外场飞行数据进行了匹配测试 ,结果证明该方法提高了地形轮廓匹配的可靠性和精度 ,取得了很好的效果。     

Major and Trace Element Analysis of Silicate Rocks by XRF and Laser Ablation ICP-MS Using Lithium Borate Fused Glasses: Matrix Effects, Instrument Response and Results for International Reference Materials

Major and trace element compositions of fifteen silicate rock reference materials have been determined by a combined XRF and laser ablation ICP‐MS (LA‐ICP‐MS) technique on glasses prepared by fusing the sample with a lithium borate flux (sample:flux = 1:3). Advantages of this technique include the ability to measure major and trace element abundances on a single sample using a quick and simple preparation that attacks resistant phases such as zircon without the need for acid dissolution. The method is suitable for a wide variety of bulk compositions including mafic, intermediate and silicic rocks. Abundance‐normalized mass response patterns (the ratio of signal intensity to element concentration) of the LA‐ICP‐MS analyses vary systematically with major element composition, demonstrating the presence of a matrix effect that cannot be compensated by normalisation to a single internal standard element. Increasing the sampling distance between the ICP‐MS cone and the torch reduces the magnitude of this effect, suggesting that a mechanism related to residence time of ablated particles in the plasma may be at least partially responsible for the observed variations in mass response patterns. When using a matrix‐matched calibration, agreement of the LA‐ICP‐MS results with published reference values or those obtained by solution ICP‐MS is 10% relative. Analytical precision based on replicate analyses is typically 5% RSD. Procedural detection limits that include contributions from gas background and flux are 0.01‐0.1 μg g‐¹ for the heavy mass trace elements (Rb‐U). Major element analyses by XRF show excellent agreement with results obtained using a conventional heavy element absorbing flux. High quality major and trace element data for silicate rocks can be achieved by a combined XRF and LA‐ICP‐MS analysis of Li₂B₄O₇/LiBO₂ fused glasses provided an appropriate matrix‐matched calibration is adopted.     

Weibull模型在油气田早期开发方案设计中的应用

油气田开发早期勘探程度低，已知储层参数少，正确确定油气田开发方案是世界难题。制作Weibull开发模型的Qc/Qmax-ER图版的根据是探明储量、峰值产量及经济极限产量，假定采收率、生产年限，采用该图版油气田（藏）早期全局最优开发方案设计的方法，可以对整个开发期的各种开发指标进行预测。     

多源遥感影像融合技术及其在更新土地利用数据库中的应用

分析了SPOT和TM卫星影像的特点,提出综合利用SPOT和TM卫星影像的方法.对这两种影像进行融合,提取融合后的影像数据,使之与GIS数据库相叠加,达到对GIS矢量数据库更新的目的.以土地利用数据库为例进行实践,取得了较好的效果.     

带权优化方法在曲线预测模型中的应用研究

为了能够根据监测数据推测被测量变化规律及准确预测未来变化，针对常规最小二乘法拟合精度较差的情况，提出利用带权优化方法在常规非线性拟合基础上进行优化处理。通过对工程实际监测数据的计算验证表明，带权优化得到的拟合曲线，拟合精度与预测效果均有明显提高。     

城市地图数据库面实体匹配技术

同一地区不同来源地图数据库同名面实体的识别或匹配对空间数据库的集成与信息共享非常有意义。该文研究了城市地图数据库同名面实体匹配的有关问题 ,提出了基于模糊拓扑关系分类的面实体匹配方法 ,该方法充分考虑了源地图数据库的不确定性 ,能处理非一对一的匹配情况。匹配结果不仅可以作为城市地图数据库集成和信息共享的依据 ,还可以用来分析两个地图数据库之间的差异 ,进行变化检测与自动更新     

Photogrammetric Reconstruction of the Great Buddha of Bamiyan, Afghanistan

In the valley of Bamiyan, Afghanistan, approximately 1700 years ago, two large standing Buddha statues were carved out of the sedimentary rock of the region. They were 53 and 38 m high and the larger one figured as the tallest representation of a standing Buddha in the world. In March 2001 the Taleban government militia demolished the colossal statues. After the destruction a group from ETH Zürich completed the computer reconstruction of the Great Buddha, which can serve as the basis for a physical reconstruction. This paper reports the results of the image-based 3D reconstruction of the statue, performed on three different data-sets in parallel and using different photogrammetric techniques and algorithms.     

一种高精度的工业钣金件图像直线提取算法

研究应用一种高精度的工业钣金件图像直线提取算法在工业测量中的应用,该算法采用设计好的基本模型库,经过人机交互获得初值,然后进行最小二乘模板匹配提取工件边缘直线。