The emerging politics of the Arctic Ocean. Future management of the living marine resources

This article seeks to identify and analyze the most important political issues at stake with respect to the ongoing process regarding the future management of living resources in the high seas of the Arctic Ocean. Through assessing the potential for future commercial utilization of marine resources in the Arctic Ocean and analyzing the differences between the interests of engaged stakeholders in the process, the article seeks to answer whose interests and norms seem to most strongly influence the unfolding political processes and preliminary outcomes. The article concludes by identifying how the five Arctic coastal states have retained the upper hand in this process through skilled political entrepreneurship, the devotion of necessary resources and the political commitment of their respective governments.     

北京市地质遗迹资源及其保护现状

文章概括介绍了北京市地质遗迹的研究历史与现状,依据2007年开展的＂北京市地质遗迹资源及其保护现状综合调查＂项目,将北京地区的地质遗迹分为7大类31个亚类170处,针对不同类型地质遗迹资源的分布情况进行了阐述,并从2000年以来北京地区地质公园和地质遗迹自然保护区的申报建设情况、管理体系建设、环境保护和管护设施建设、摸清资源家底和制定规划等方面,阐述了北京地区地质公园及地质遗迹自然保护区的建设情况和地质遗迹资源的保护现状。     

Organizing coordination for an ecosystem approach to marine research and management advice: The case of ICES

This study examines the reorganization of formal coordination structures of a unique international public organization involved in marine governance in Europe, namely the structural reorganizations of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) between 1999 and 2009. The findings indicate that the reorganizations of ICES’ formal coordination structures were not driven primarily for reasons of efficiency, by clear and consistent goals, and by clear means-ends considerations for organizational design as proposed by rational perspectives in organization theory. Instead, the formal coordination structures have also been adapted to live up to changing expectations in the institutional environment, to modern management concepts in marine governance such as the Ecosystem Approach to Management (EAM), and to ensure the legitimacy of the organization. However, it is also found that institutional explanations alone are insufficient to comprehensively understand why the formal organizational structures of ICES were reorganized. Instrumental and cultural perspectives in organization theory as well as resource-dependence theory additionally add to understand how ICES responded to external demands and why organizational structures have been changed.     

Decision support tools in marine spatial planning: Present applications,gaps and future perspectives

Evidence-based decision making is an essential process for sustainable, effective, and efficient marine spatial planning (MSP). In that sense, decision support tools (DSTs) could be considered to be the primary assistant of planners. Although there are many DSTs listed in tool databases, most of them are conceptual and not used in real MSP implementation. The main objective of this review is to: (i) characterize and analyse the present use of the DSTs in existing MSP implementation processes around the world, (ii) identify weaknesses and gaps of existing tools, and (iii) propose new functionalities both to improve their feasibility and to promote their application. In total, 34 DSTs have been identified in 28 different MSP initiatives with different levels of complexity, applicability and usage purposes. Main characteristics of the tools were transferred into a DST matrix. It was observed that limited functionality, tool stability, consideration of economic and social decision problems, ease of use, and tool costs could be considered as the main gaps of existing DSTs. Future developments are needed and should be in the direction of the specific need of marine planners and stakeholders. Results revealed that DST developments should consider both spatial and temporal dynamics of the ocean, and new tools should provide multi-functionality and integrity; meanwhile they should be easy to use and freely available. Hence, this research summarised current use, gaps, and expected development trends of DSTs and it concludes that there is still a big potential of DST developments to assist operational MSP processes.     

Does membership matter? Individual influences in natural resource management decision making

Increasingly, natural resource management decision making is being undertaken by management committees that consist of a range of stakeholder groups. Representatives on these committees potentially have widely differing objective preferences. Consequently, there exists the potential for management decisions to be affected not only by the type of representation, but by the individuals themselves. In this paper, the robustness of management decision making to both the stakeholder representation and the individual representatives is tested using the case of fisheries management, for which a number of studies have been undertaken in Australia to assess objective preferences within a multi-objective framework. The results suggest that, in most cases, management decisions are robust to membership, but in a small number of instances the actual composition of individuals in a committee may result in different decisions.     

气象信息网站后台管理技术研究

对当前气象信息网站进行概述,就气象网站后台管理的开发应用从结构和技术上进行了分析。     

山西省重要天气信息实时处理警示系统

介绍了从多种地面气象观测资料中提取重要天气信息建立实时处理警示系统的设计思路、总体构成及主要功能。该系统集实时资料预处理、图形分析、要素统计、语音报警、产品打印及分发等于一体，界面友好，内容丰富，功能较强，操作简便，自动化程度较高，是非常实用的业务工具，在天气预报服务中发挥了重要作用，取得良好业务及社会经济效益。     

露采矿山的开采与环境整治工程的监理模式

论述了江苏省露采矿山开采与环境整治工程的矿山监理工作产生的背景,自《江苏省开山采石矿山监理暂行办法》实施后,矿山监理工作逐渐走向完善。并对矿山监理的任务、依据、原则、范围和分类、适用性、监理组织与人员职责、监理的周期、监理报告等做出了阐述,以实践经验就矿山监理工作实施的内容、方法、现场监理等方面进行介绍,提出了监理过程中容易遇到的问题,并指出实行矿山监理的重要现实意义,得出值得进一步推广的结论。     

基于GIS技术的天津市地热资源实时监测与信息管理系统研究

为提高地热开发利用、管理的水平,实现远程监测地热资源数据,进行地热信息管理。本文从需求分析着手,从系统构成、数据传输、系统功能等方面,对系统的构建进行了探讨研究,利用MAPGIS软件,实现了集远程监测数据实时采集、管理与统计分析为一体的信息管理系统。     

西溪国家湿地公园模式的实践与探索

作为首个国家湿地公园,杭州西溪国家湿地公园全力探索“西溪模式”,寻求科学保护与适度利用之间的平衡点,努力走出一条保护与利用的“双赢”之路。在建设西溪国家湿地公园的过程中,主要抓住“规划、保护、管理、研究”4个环节建设好西溪湿地天堂。坚持规划先行,构筑区域性人与自然和谐发展的规划体系;实施科学保护,调整并规划区内人类活动的强度与容量;注重精心管理,实现湿地生态环境、生态资源的科学保护和合理利用;做好深入研究,努力为湿地保护利用提供决策依据和理论指导。