Reconstructing fluvial bar surfaces from compound cross‐strata and the interpretation of bar accretion direction in large river deposits

The interpretation of fluvial styles from the rock record is based for a significant part on the identification of different types of fluvial bars, characterized by the geometric relationship between structures indicative of palaeocurrent and surfaces interpreted as indicative of bar form and bar accretion direction. These surfaces of bar accretion are the boundaries of flood‐related bar increment elements, which are typically less abundant in outcrops than what would be desirable, particularly in large river deposits in which each flood mobilizes large volumes of sediment, causing flood‐increment boundary surfaces to be widely spaced. Cross‐strata set boundaries, on the other hand, are abundant and indirectly reflect the process of unit bar accretion, inclined due to the combined effect of the unit bar surface inclination and the individual bedform climbing angle, in turn controlled by changes in flow structure caused by local bar‐scale morphology. This work presents a new method to deduce the geometry of unit bar surfaces from measured pairs of cross‐strata and cross‐strata set boundaries. The method can be used in the absence of abundant flood‐increment bounding surfaces; the study of real cases shows that, for both downstream and laterally accreting bars, the reconstructed planes are very similar to measured bar increment surfaces.     

中风化花岗岩地区洁净厂房地面随机振动响应分析

现代高科技生产设备对振动的要求越来越严格,在某洁净厂房的建设过程中,由于生产线扩大,需要将生产厂房的部分非微振区改建为微振区。本文针对生产厂房整体结构在地面环境随机振动下的微振动问题,建立了生产厂房的有限元动力分析模型。以实测的自由场地微振动加速度时程为激励,对结构系统的随机振动响应情况进行分析。并对3种工况情况下,结构特定节点的振动情况进行对比分析,表明加密柱网能够有效减小结构振动,从而为工程设计提出合理建议。     

基于FFT-MA的随机介质建模方法

随机介质是描述地球介质小尺度非均匀性的有效模型,在地震散射波场分析、储层描述等领域具有广泛应用,快速准确的随机介质建模方法是开展相关研究的基础与前提.本文首次将FFT-MA（Fast Fourier Transform Moving Average）算法引入到随机介质建模研究中,分析了该方法与传统随机介质建模方法相比具有的优势,并提出了基于FFT-MA的非平稳随机介质建模方法.建模实验表明,与传统的基于谱分解定理的随机介质建模方法相比,基于FFT-MA的方法在空间域产生随机数序列,使随机数序列与结构参数分离,因此,随机数序列与所建模型存在空间上的对应关系,可以分区域建模和局部修改模型.在非平稳随机介质模型建模时,滑动窗口的大小可以根据自相关长度变化而变化,避免了每个采样点都建立一次完整大小的模型,提高了建模效率.因此,FFT-MA随机介质建模方法能准确构建满足自相关函数要求的平稳及非平稳随机介质模型,具有建模效率高、灵活、实用的优点.

     

匹配点分布密度约束下的基础矩阵估计

提出一种匹配点分布密度约束下的基础矩阵估计方法。该方法以传统RANSAC方法为基本框架,结合匹配点分布密度约束来选择内点集,并采用M-Estimators方法重新计算基础矩阵。通过模拟数据和真实图像实验表明,本文方法可有效提高基础矩阵的计算精度。     

Adaptive Predictive Inverse Control of Offshore Jacket Platform Based on Rough Neural Network

The offshore jacket platform is a complex and time-varying nonlinear system,which can be excited of harmful vibration by external loads.It is difficult to obtain an ideal control performance for passive control methods or traditional active control methods based on accurate mathematic model.In this paper,an adaptive inverse control method is proposed on the basis of novel rough neural networks (RNN) to control the harmful vibration of the offshore jacket platform,and the offshore jacket platform model is established by dynamic stiffness matrix (DSM) method.Benefited from the nonlinear processing ability of the neural networks and data interpretation ability of the rough set theory,RNN is utilized to identify the predictive inverse model of the offshore jacket platform system.Then the identified model is used as the adaptive predictive inverse controller to control the harmful vibration caused by wave and wind loads,and to deal with the delay problem caused by signal transmission in the control process.The numerical results show that the constructed novel RNN has advantages such as clear structure,fast training speed and strong error-tolerance ability,and the proposed method based on RNN can effectively control the harmfid vibration of the offshore jacket platform.     

Modelling sustainable urban growth in a rapidly urbanising region using a fuzzy-constrained cellular automata approach

This article presents an application of a fuzzy-constrained cellular automata model to simulate the spatio-temporal processes of urban growth in the rapidly growing Gold Coast City in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Urban growth has been captured in the model as a continuous process in space and over time, which has been affected by a set of primary and secondary transition rules. The primary transition rules deal with the propensity of a local area for development and the impact of its neighbouring cells on such development, while the secondary transition rules reflect the influences of environmental and institutional factors on urban growth. Application of the model demonstrates its re-applicability to different regions and the effectiveness of the cellular automata technique in studying urban dynamics. It also provides tools to explore sustainable urban growth options under different socio-environmental and planning control factors. A sustainable urban future of the region is achievable if development is managed to maintain a balance amongst ecological conservation, economic growth and the contemporary Australian lifestyle.     

土体微观结构对冻胀影响的灰色关联及粗糙集评价

以季冻区粉土为研究对象,进行不同条件下室内冻胀试验,测得冻胀指标--冻胀率;同时运用扫描电子显微镜WD-5图像处理系统提取并定量化冻胀前土样微观结构参数（包括孔隙参数和结构单元体参数）。由于结构对冻胀影响具有非线性、复杂性、模糊性等特点,选择灰色关联法及粗糙集２种非线性评价方法,评价各结构参数对冻胀率的影响程度。评价结果表明：与冻胀率关联度较高的孔隙参数为形态分布分维数、平均丰度、平均圆形度和平均各向异性率,单元体参数为平均各向异性率、形态分布分维数和定向概率熵。粗糙集约简结果中,对冻胀影响较明显的孔隙参数为平均各向异性率、平均丰度、定向分维数和形态分布分维数,单元体参数为形态分布分维、平均各向异性率、平均形状系数。比较2种评价方法所得结果,分析其中的异同。最后综合考虑２种评价结果,确定8个对冻胀意义较明显的结构参数：孔隙的形态分布分维、平均丰度、平均各向异性率、定向分维数;单元体的平均各向异性率、形态分布分维、平均形状系数和定向概率熵。     

Characterization of aboveground biomass in an unmanaged boreal forest using Landsat temporal segmentation metrics

Canada is dominated by forested ecosystems which are subject to various inventory and management practices, with more northern boreal forests subject to neither. Our objectives were to measure the capacity of temporal trajectory metrics for estimating selected forest attributes in a northern Canadian boreal forest context using Landsat imagery and investigate the importance of different types of temporal trajectory metrics. Results indicated that Wetness was the best Tasseled Cap (TC) component for aboveground biomass estimation (R² = 50%, RMSE% = 56%), and the combination of simple and complex metrics from all TC components produced the highest R² (62%) and lowest RMSE% (49%). Using a similar combination of variables, other forest attributes were estimated equally reliably with lower RMSE% values. The most important temporal trajectory metrics were simple and described TC component values at each point of change in the temporal trajectory, however the most important variables overall were environmental variables.     

基于组合赋权的改进集对模型在流域生态健康评价中的应用

流域生态健康评价是流域管理、水资源开发利用、生态保护的重要决策依据,也是促进流域社会经济可持续发展的重要措施。在确定石羊河流域生态健康评价指标体系和等级标准的基础上,采用组合赋权法确定评价指标的权重,建立了改进集对模型评价方法。定量评价结果表明,石羊河流域上游、中游、下游生态健康分别为基本健康、亚健康、病态等状态。     

植被电磁散射的半空间模型研究

本文给出了地面植被电磁散射的半空间模型研究方法.在以往的相关文献中,均采用自由空间格林函数求解单个叶片散射体的散射场,本文利用半空间并矢格林函数求出了单个散射体的散射场,然后运用Monte Carlo方法模拟生成地面植被层,得到了在半空间下植被层的电磁散射特性,计算出了单、双站雷达散射截面,并与自由空间下的散射场做了相互对比.结果表明,在半空间格林函数下得到的散射场更为适用于描述地面植被的电磁散射特性.