Building damage in Dujiangyan during Wenchuan Earthquake

A field damage survey of 1,005 buildings damaged by the Wenchuan Earthquake in Dujiangyan City was carried out and the resulting data was analyzed using the statistical method. It is shown that buildings that were seismically designed achieved the desired seismic fortification target; they sustained less damage than the non-seismically designed buildings. Among the seismically designed buildings investigated, RC frame buildings performed the best in terms of seismic resistance. Masonry buildings with a ground story of RC frame structure were the second best, and masonry buildings performed the worst. Considering building height, multistory buildings sustained more severe damage than high-rise buildings and 2- and 3-story buildings. Compared to residential buildings, public buildings, such as schools and hospitals, suffered more severe damage.     

综合勘察方法在蒙华铁路石膏矿采空区选线勘察中的应用

以蒙华铁路荆沙段石膏矿采空区勘察为例,介绍了采用遥感解译、调查访问、勘探验证相结合的采空区综合勘察方法。针对铁路穿越采空区选线重点关注的问题,提出了采空区勘察的工作思路,阐述了卫片、航片、多时相分析的采空区遥感解译方法,提出采空区调查访问时应重点关注的问题及如何开展综合分析,并提出应根据区域地质条件、采空区发育特征、勘探方法的适用性、场地条件等,合理选择勘探验证方法。最后,通过实例分析,介绍了金陵、宝安石膏矿采空区的综合勘察,可为类似采空区勘察提供借鉴和参考。     

黄河下游断面资料数据库及冲淤分布初步分析——

利用所建立的断面资料数据库及分析系统软件,采用体积法对黄河下游冲淤数量进行了计算,并利用与本系统软件直接接口的通用软件,研究了黄河下游冲淤量的时空分布特点。计算分析表明,近半个世纪黄河下游河道淤积量达64.4亿m3。进入下游的水沙条件既受自然气候条件变化的影响又受水库运用所制约。不同时期河道冲淤量及其分布的差异是黄河下游冲积性河道对不同水沙条件所作出的反应。     

应用于砂岩型铀矿找矿的遥感-航测信息集成模型构建

应用遥感-航测(航放和航磁)信息集成技术,针对砂岩型铀矿找矿的几个重要条件:如盆地内部构造、含矿目的层、水文条件和矿化条件,构建了构造、岩性、水文和矿化4种信息集成模型.将这4种信息集成模型应用于示范区,在已知的矿化地段得到的结果与实际勘探的成果符合较好,提高了预测的准确性.     

Neogene aquifer properties specified through the interpretation of electrical sounding data,Salamiyeh region,central Syria

Twenty‐nine Schlumberger electrical soundings were carried out in the Salamiyeh region in Syria using a maximum current electrode separation of 1 km. Three soundings were made at existing boreholes for comparison. Aquifer parameters of hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity were obtained by analysing pumping test data from the existing boreholes. An empirical relationship between hydraulic conductivity determined from the pumping test and both resistivity and thickness of the Neogene aquifer has been established for these boreholes in order to calculate the geophysical hydraulic conductivity. A close agreement has been obtained between the computed hydraulic conductivity and that determined from the pumping test. The relationship established has, therefore, been generalized in the study area in order to evaluate hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity at all the points where geoelectrical measurements have been carried out. This generalization allows one to derive maps of the hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity in the study area based on geoelectrical measurements. These maps are important in future modelling processes oriented towards better exploitation of the aquifers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

网络RTK在活动构造变形分析中的应用——以川西南大塘断裂为例

在活动构造研究方面,传统RTK技术常用于局部的地表测量,测量距离受限于信号的地形影响。而网络RTK技术基于全国区域性的基准站网,通过移动通信可以实现百公里以上尺度厘米级精度动态测量,在构造地表分析方面具有广阔应用空间。本文以横跨龙门山地区的大塘断裂为试验对象,利用网络RTK技术测量了一条长度17.7 km的地表剖面。测量结果表明,尽管大塘断裂局部受到强烈的侵蚀作用不易识别,但网络RTK测线能够反映出区域性的褶皱变形特征。结合深部地震剖面进行定量分析发现,地表的冲积扇发生反坡向的构造抬升,与深部的断层扩展褶皱变形对应。进一步参考年代学数据计算得出,横跨大塘断裂的第四纪构造缩短速率为0.29±0.04 mm/yr。试验分析结果表明,网络RTK技术可以用于大尺度、高精度的构造变形分析,识别区域性的构造变形。

     

自动变形监测系统在地铁结构变形监测中的应用

介绍了以TCA自动化全站仪为基础组成的自动变形监测系统和广州地铁“非地铁施工时地铁结构变形监测”项目的现场方案及优化设计。实际应用表明，该系统稳定可靠，可以胜任地铁结构变形监测的工作。     

类星体光谱的Monte Carlo模拟及高红移类星体颜色法巡天中的选择效应

利用已知的统计结果对高红移类星体光谱进行ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ模拟，得到了ＵＢＶＲＩ五色测光的色指数，并利用模拟的选择判据计算了选择效应函数，当２．４＜ｚ＜３．０时，选择效应来自于与主序星的混淆；当ｚ＞３．０时，则是由于较暗的类星体与晚型矮星同时从Ｕ．Ｂ等颜色的图象上消失，导致可利用色指数的减少。     

GPS在湖南1：20万区域重力调查中的应用

GPS是现代高科技，它采用微型接收机，可以实现快速定位并取得测量点的3维座标。这种新技术在数字化地质、提高找矿效果等方面，应用前景广阔，侧重介绍了ASHTECH GPS接收机在区域重力调查中，怎样建立基准站与流动观测站、数据的传输与预处理和测量点3维座标的换算，以及应用数据自动生成布格异常等值线图。这项新技术的使用完全可以满足1：20万区域重力调查的精度要求。     

赣东北樟树墩蛇绿构造混杂岩露头解剖及其对华南新元古代洋盆演化的启示

赣东北蛇绿构造混杂岩是江南造山带最典型的地质实体之一,对其开展以大比例尺岩性填图+构造解析为核心的露头解剖。查明岩块类型包括0.9~1 Ga的洋壳残片蛇绿岩岩块和0.8~1 Ga的岛弧火山-沉积岩块,基质类型包括约1 Ga的蛇绿岩组分基质、0.9~1 Ga的洋盆沉积物基质和830~1000 Ma的碎屑复理石基质。混杂岩总体呈北东向延伸的网结状构造,就位期构造变形表现为自北西向南东的韧塑性逆冲剪切变形,并受到后期推-滑覆和走滑构造的叠加改造。综合解剖性填图认识和区域资料,认为赣东北樟树墩蛇绿构造混杂岩是弧后洋盆闭合至弧-陆碰撞等一系列洋-陆转换过程的产物,华南洋盆最终闭合的时间在780 Ma之后。研究成果丰富了蛇绿构造混杂岩专题填图方法,对认识华南新元古代洋盆演化及造山过程具有重要的意义。