拜尔滤色阵列航摄数字相机色彩插值算法研究

在航空摄影测量对数字相机的旺盛需求下,越来越多的面阵传感器采用成本较低的拜尔彩色滤光阵列模式进行色彩感知,对此提出一种基于可变边缘梯度阈值的去马赛克色彩插值算法与色彩性能量化评估方法,以适用于航摄影像色彩还原。试验分析与量化评价中所引入的色彩误差度量指标同时兼顾了影像的几何量测性能,这为用于航空摄影测量的遥感影像彩色信息还原及质量评估提供了技术借鉴。     

DPGrid-Ortho匀光匀色技术及其在航空正射影像生产中的应用

作为航空影像处理流程中的一个重要步骤,匀光匀色处理为生成色调一致、有良好的整体目视效果的正射镶嵌影像图提供了坚实的基础。本文首先对匀光匀色处理的国内外现状进行了回顾,然后介绍了DPGrid-Ortho软件中采用的一种全局与局部优化策略结合的匀光匀色方法,最后结合实际数据验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于PXIe总线架构的GPS导航信号模拟源设计及实现

卫星导航信号模拟源为用户终端设备的设计、验证、测试提供输入信号源,是用户终端设备研发和卫星导航信号系统验证的重要工具.早期的射频合成技术产生的信号的精度和通道一致性较差,随后的模拟中频合成技术存在通道间偏差的问题,而目前常用的数字中频合成技术存在相位抖动问题,所以本文基于PXI Express(PXIe)总线的软件无线电架构,设计并实现了一款采用数字基带合成技术的软硬件结合模拟源.模拟源上位机数学仿真软件采用图形化编程语言LABVIEW开发,实现简单,开发效率高,最终生成数字基带合成信号;模拟源硬件则使用美国国家仪器公司(NI)模块化的虚拟仪器,接收并处理上位机产生的数字基带合成信号,最终产生用户终端设备可以接收的全球定位系统(GPS)射频信号.利用频谱分析仪观察模拟源输出信号的频率和带宽,验证了GPS模拟源仿真信号的正确性;利用商用接收机进行定位解算,分析静态和动态场景下的信号质量、定位结果及三轴定位误差,验证了GPS模拟源仿真信号的准确性和有效性.     

Spatial variations of small phytoplankton contributions in the Northern Bering Sea and the Southern Chukchi Sea

Phytoplankton size classes (hereafter, PSCs) were derived from satellite ocean color data using a present phytoplankton abundance-based optical algorithm in the northern Bering and southern Chukchi Seas to characterize the spatial and seasonal variations of the different PSC and investigate the contributions of small phytoplankton to the total phytoplankton biomass. The comparison results showed that the phytoplankton abundance-based method approach could reasonably classify the three PSCs (pico-, nano-, and micro phytoplankton). The satellite maps of the dominant PSCs were derived using long-term satellite ocean color data. The general spatial distribution showed that the large (micro-) phytoplankton were dominant in the coastal waters and the west side of the Bering strait, while the small size (nano- or pico-) phytoplankton were dominant in the open ocean waters. Nano- and microphytoplankton were dominant in May and October in most of the study area, while pico-phytoplankton were dominant in the summer months in the open ocean waters. The annual variation in small phytoplankton dominance had a strong positive relationship with the annual mean sea surface temperature (SST), which is consistent with the increasing dominance of small phytoplankton biomass as water temperature increases. Microphytoplankton have an apparent increasing trend in the southeastern Chukchi Sea but slightly decreasing trends in Chirikov and St. Lawrence Island Polynya (SLIP). In contrast, there were increasing trends in picophytoplankton in Chirikov and SLIP, which seems to be related to increasing annual SST. It is crucial to monitor changes in dominant groups of phytoplankton community in the Bering and Chukchi Seas as important biological hotspots responding to the recent changes in environmental conditions.     

色彩在旅游开发中的作用探析

从色彩及色彩文化的基本内涵出发,指出在旅游开发中可以借鉴利用的主要色彩理论,并在理论推理的基础上,分析色彩文化对于旅游资源评价、文化发掘、特色主题打造、色彩景观设计、资源整合、线路设计等方面的作用,阐明了色彩文化在整个旅游开发规划过程中可以作为旅游开发的"红颜"、"红娘"、"红豆"、"红装"、"红线"等形式的可行性.     

青蛤贝壳韧带的结构色及微结构

采用XRD、热失重分析、反射光谱及高分辨FE-SEM对青蛤贝壳韧带的矿物组成,结构色及微结构进行系统研究,结果表明:1)青蛤韧带由78%文石矿物,18%的蛋白质及少量的水组成,文石矿物呈纤维状,纤维的直径约138 nm,相邻纤维中心的间距约164 nm;2)韧带可呈现蓝,黄色结构色;3)韧带具有明显的层状结构特征,生长层的厚20μm~40μm,同一生长层中文石纤维长轴定向排列,而相邻层纤维长轴的定向不一致,并呈现一种新的结构类型“-交叉棱柱层”结构。再者,青蛤韧带中的文石纤维构成了一类特殊的2D准周期光子晶体。     

Process-based model for nearshore hydrodynamics, sediment transport and morphological evolution in the surf and swash zones

Hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the nearshore zone were modeled numerically taking into account turbulent unsteady flow. The flow field was computed using the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes equations with a k–ε turbulence closure model, while the free surface was tracked using the Volume-Of-Fluid technique. This hydrodynamical model was supplemented with a cross-shore sediment transport formula to calculate profile changes and sediment transport in the surf and swash zones. Based on the numerical solutions, flow characteristics and the effects of breaking waves on sediment transport were studied. The main characteristic of breaking waves, i.e. the instantaneous sediment transport rate, was investigated numerically, as was the spatial distribution of time-averaged sediment transport rates for different grain sizes. The analysis included an evaluation of different values of the wave friction factor and an empirical constant characterizing the uprush and backwash. It was found that the uprush induces a larger instantaneous transport rate than the backwash, indicating that the uprush is more important for sediment transport than the backwash. The results of the present model are in reasonable agreement with other numerical and physical models of nearshore hydrodynamics. The model was found to predict well cross-shore sediment transport and thus it provides a tool for predicting beach morphology change.     

Detection of nitrogenase in individual cells of a natural population of <Emphasis Type="Italic">trichodesmium</Emphasis> using immunocytochemical methods for fluorescent cells

The intercellular distribution of nitrogenase was detected in a natural population of Trichodesmium spp. collected from Shitaba Bay, Uwajima, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the Fe-protein and the MoFe-protein (α-subunit) of nitrogenase were used as probes. Visualization of the antibody binding to the nitrogenase was performed using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and the chromogenic substrate, 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride, to avoid the masking effects caused by the bright autofluorescence emitted by the Trichodesmium cells. Nitrogenase proteins were detected in 66 to 81% of the trichomes. More than 77% of the cells were immunostained in individual nitrogenase-containing trichome. The data show natural populations of Trichodesmium spp. do not developed heterocyst-equivalent cells.     

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新型壳聚糖季铵盐衍生物的合成与表征

采用甲磺酸作为溶剂兼作氨基保护试剂,对壳聚糖上的羟基选择性酯化,再游离出氨基并对其氯乙酰化,最后进行吡啶成盐,得到新型水溶性的壳聚糖季铵盐衍生物,产物的结构通过核磁共振氢谱和红外光谱进行了表征,从而为壳聚糖季铵盐衍生物的制备提供了一种新途径。