陈传康的学术生命路径和学术树

通过扩展传统的生命路径 ( life path)概念、并建立学术树 ( discipline tree)概念 ,研究已故当代中国著名地理学家、旅游学家陈传康教授的学术史。在统计了陈传康教授全部 1 2 1 2种次的学术著述的基础上 ,首先在时间纬度上建立了学术生命路径曲线、系统式和时序式生命路径表 ,用以统计分析陈传康教授的学术论著种次的分布情况和变迁过程 ,一方面反映出著作量随中国当代历史的脉动而出现的起伏变化 ,另一方面通过观察时间轴上这些著述的学科点的分布变化 ,不仅体现 2 0世纪 5 0年代～ 90年代陈传康学术偏好的转徙 ,也反映出 5 0年间中国地理学整体的变化轨迹。利用学术树的概念 ,统计分析陈传康一生构筑的个人学术体系 ,最终勾勒出其一生经营的学术群落的整体景观。     

T—R旋回层序在东淮凹陷前梨园地区Es3^3亚段储层研究中的应用

依据对东濮凹陷前梨园地区测井、岩芯和高分辨率地震资料的综合研究，可将Es3^3亚段划分为三个湖进-湖退（T-R）旋回沉积层序，自底往上，Es3^3I层序发育辫状三角洲-半深湖沉积体系，Es3^3ⅡEs3^3Ⅲ层序则以扇 三角洲-半深湖、深湖-湖底扇沉积体系为主，由沉积层序的区域对比和沉积体系的空间展布，建立起了前梨园地区Es3^3亚段高分辨率等时地层格架，将储集岩层置于等时界面限定的沉积层序中进行划分和对比，可精确地解释砂体的成因及其横向变化规律。     

River flow mass exponents with fractal channel networks and rainfall

An important problem in hydrologic science is understanding how river flow is influenced by rainfall properties and drainage basin characteristics. In this paper we consider one approach, the use of mass exponents, in examining the relation of river flow to rainfall and the channel network, which provides the primary conduit for transport of water to the outlet in a large basin. Mass exponents, which characterize the power-law behavior of moments as a function of scale, are ideally suited for defining scaling behavior of processes that exhibit a high degree of variability or intermittency. The main result in this paper is an expression relating the mass exponent of flow resulting from an instantaneous burst of rainfall to the mass exponents of spatial rainfall and that of the network width function. Spatial rainfall is modeled as a random multiplicative cascade and the channel network as a recursive replacement tree; these fractal models reproduce certain types of self-similar behavior seen in actual rainfall and networks. It is shown that under these modeling assumptions the scaling behavior of flow mirrors that of rainfall if rainfall is highly variable in space, and on the other hand flow mirrors the structure of the network if rainfall is not so highly variable.     

钢筋混凝土框架砖填充墙结构抗震性能的研究

本文介绍了一个１／３比例框架填充墙结构模型模拟地震振动台试验，研究了结构动力特性与反应特征，提出了钢筋混凝土框架砖填充墙结构层间刚度与抗力的简化估计方法和公式，同时进行了多层框架填充墙结构的弹塑性动力反应分析并结合试验模型将计算结果与试验结果进行比较。     

用地层倾角测井资料解释复杂构造的方法

倾角测井矢量图可以标示出井眼范围内各深度点的地层产状，一定的地层构造形态在矢量图上有一定的倾角矢量组合模式。通过正演计算，总结出了１９种褶曲和断层等构造组合模式的样板及在一口井内各构造模式间的“串”、“缺”、“嵌”连接规律。对照组合模式样板进行矢量组合模式识别，采用“倾角矢量逐点叠加法”，可把井眼范围纵向排列的倾角矢量转换成任意方位的地层视产状，绘制构造剖面图。用多个剖面的地层空间坐标数据可绘制倾角构造平面图，确定钻遇构造的形态。据此原理，编制了一套倾角测井构造解释软件系统。     

热液体系氢、氧同位素分馏机制及其地质意义

探讨了热液体系氢、氧同位素地球化学行为及其与水/岩交换同位素分馏的内在关系。有效W/R值是除温度条件外,另一控制蚀变岩石和热液水氢、氧同位素组成变化的因素。此外还根据数个矿区成矿热液水和蚀变岩石氢、氧同位素组成及变化特征对水/岩交换和W/R值的应用及地质意义展开讨论。最后提出热液体系中大气降水和岩浆热液水氢、氧同位素组成演化模式简图。     

Flood-type trend analysis for alpine catchments

ABSTRACT

In many places, magnitudes and frequencies of floods are expected to increase due to climate change. To understand these changes better, trend analyses of historical data are helpful. However, traditional trend analyses do not address issues related to shifts in the relative contributions of rainfall versus snowmelt floods, or in the frequency of a particular flood type. We present a novel approach for quantifying such trends in time series of floods using a fuzzy decision tree for event classification and applied it to maximal annual and seasonal floods in 27 alpine catchments for the period 1980–2014. Trends in flood types were studied with Sen’s slope and double mass curves. Our results reveal a decreasing number of rain-on-snow and an increasing number of short rainfall events in all catchments, with flash floods increasing in smaller catchments. Overall, the results demonstrate the value of incorporating a fuzzy flood-type classification into flood trend analyses.     

Analyzing multi-year rice-fallow dynamics in Odisha using multi-temporal Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-1 Data

ABSTRACT

Sustainable intensification of existing cropland is one of the most viable options for meeting the escalating food demands of the ever-increasing population in the world. Accurate geospatial data about the potential single-crop (rice-fallows) areas is vital for policymakers to target the agro-technologies for enhancing crop productivity and intensification. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate and understand the dynamics of rice-fallows in the Odisha state of India, using SAR (Sentinel-1) and Optical (Landsat OLI) datasets. This study utilized a decision-tree approach and Principal component analysis (PCA) for the segmentation and separation of different vegetation classes. The estimated overall accuracy of extracted rice-fallow maps was in the range of 84 to 85 percent. The study identified about 2.2, 2.0 and 2.1mha of Rice-Fallows in the years 2015–16, 2016–17, and 2017–18, respectively. The combined analysis (all three years) of rice-fallow maps identified about 1.34mha of permanent rice-fallows, whereas the remaining 0.6–0.8mha area was under the current-fallow category. About 50% of the total permanent rice-fallows were detected in the rainfed areas of Mayurbhanj, Bhadrak, Bolangir, Sundargarh, Keonjhar, Baleswar, Nawarangpur and Bargarh districts. The study also illustrated the time-series profiles of SMAP (soil moisture) datasets for the ten agroclimatic zones of the Odisha, which can be utilized (along with rice-fallow maps) for the selection of crop and cultivars (e.g. short or medium duration pulses or oilseeds) to target the rice fallows. The approach utilized in the current study can be scaled up in similar areas of South and South-east Asia and Africa to identify single-crop areas for targeting improved technologies for enhanced crop productivity and intensification.     

An optimal parameters-based geographical detector model enhances geographic characteristics of explanatory variables for spatial heterogeneity analysis: cases with different types of spatial data

ABSTRACT

Spatial heterogeneity represents a general characteristic of the inequitable distributions of spatial issues. The spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis investigates the heterogeneity among various strata of explanatory variables by comparing the spatial variance within strata and that between strata. The geographical detector model is a widely used technique for spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis. In the model, the spatial data discretization and spatial scale effects are fundamental issues, but they are generally determined by experience and lack accurate quantitative assessment in previous studies. To address this issue, an optimal parameters-based geographical detector (OPGD) model is developed for more accurate spatial analysis. The optimal parameters are explored as the best combination of spatial data discretization method, break number of spatial strata, and spatial scale parameter. In the study, the OPGD model is applied in three example cases with different types of spatial data, including spatial raster data, spatial point or areal statistical data, and spatial line segment data, and an R “GD” package is developed for computation. Results show that the parameter optimization process can further extract geographical characteristics and information contained in spatial explanatory variables in the geographical detector model. The improved model can be flexibly applied in both global and regional spatial analysis for various types of spatial data. Thus, the OPGD model can improve the overall capacity of spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis. The OPGD model and its diverse solutions can contribute to more accurate, flexible, and efficient spatial heterogeneity analysis, such as spatial patterns investigation and spatial factor explorations.     

无线信道中传输高速数据的试验报告

本文主要介绍了利用无线信道传输9600bps数据信号的的几种试验方案,并对其进行了评价,供各界参考。