Microfacies and diagenesis of older Pleistocene (pre‐last glacial maximum) reef deposits,Great Barrier Reef,Australia (IODP Expedition 325): A quantitative approach

During Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 325, 34 holes were drilled along five transects in front of the Great Barrier Reef of Australia, penetrating some 700 m of late Pleistocene reef deposits (post‐glacial; largely 20 to 10 kyr bp ) in water depths of 42 to 127 m. In seven holes, drilled in water depths of 42 to 92 m on three transects, older Pleistocene (older than last glacial maximum, >20 kyr bp ) reef deposits were recovered from lower core sections. In this study, facies, diagenetic features, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of 100 samples from six of the latter holes were investigated and quantified. Lithologies are dominated by grain‐supported textures, and were to a large part deposited in high‐energy, reef or reef slope environments. Quantitative analyses allow 11 microfacies to be defined, including mixed skeletal packstone and grainstone, mudstone‐wackestone, coral packstone, coral grainstone, coralline algal grainstone, coral‐algal packstone, coralline algal packstone, Halimeda grainstone, microbialite and caliche. Microbialites, that are common in cavities of younger, post‐glacial deposits, are rare in pre‐last glacial maximum core sections, possibly due to a lack of open framework suitable for colonization by microbes. In pre‐last glacial maximum deposits of holes M0032A and M0033A (>20 kyr bp ), marine diagenetic features are dominant; samples consist largely of aragonite and high‐magnesium calcite. Holes M0042A and M0057A, which contain the oldest rocks (>169 kyr bp ), are characterized by meteoric diagenesis and samples mostly consist of low‐magnesium calcite. Holes M0042A, M0055A and M0056A (>30 kyr bp ), and a horizon in the upper part of hole M0057A, contain both marine and meteoric diagenetic features. However, only one change from marine to meteoric pore water is recorded in contrast with the changes in diagenetic environment that might be inferred from the sea‐level history. Values of stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon are consistent with these findings. Samples from holes M0032A and M0033A reflect largely positive values (δ¹⁸O: ?1 to +1‰ and δ¹³C: +1 to +4‰), whereas those from holes M0042A and M0057A are negative (δ¹⁸O: ?4 to +2‰ and δ¹³C: ?8 to +2‰). Holes M0055A and M0056A provide intermediate values, with slightly positive δ¹³C, and negative δ¹⁸O values. The type and intensity of meteroric diagenesis appears to have been controlled both by age and depth, i.e. the time available for diagenetic alteration, and reflects the relation between reef deposition and sea‐level change.     

广东数字地震台网‘十五’系统的几种地震定位方法的定位效果分析

选取广东省‘十五’数字地震台网2007年6-9月试运行以来记录到的32次地震事件,运用地震台网地震速报及地震编目使用的几种常规地震定位软件,并将其结果与‘九五’编目产出的结果进行了比较,结果表明：对于网内地震。单纯型定位法及HYP02000程序的定位法结果稍优于Hyposat定位法：对于网缘地震,3种定位程序得到的结果相差不大。     

从微体化石看西太平洋暖池的形成与演化

通过对南海大洋钻探ODP第184航次的ODP1143站和ODP1146站以及中德合作"太阳号"95航次的南沙海区17957-2柱状样中微体化石进行定量分析,提取了近18MaB.P.以来南海上部海水垂向结构的变化.结果发现11.5～10.6MaB.P.之间和3.6～3.3MaB.P.以来南海温跃层深度的南北梯度明显增大,指示了西太平洋暖池雏形的开始和现代暖池的最终形成,且分别对应于印度尼西亚海道和巴拿马地峡的关闭.此后,南沙海区的温跃层深度自约0.9MaB.P.逐渐变浅,至约0.15MaB.P.又再变深,反映了西太平洋暖池的减弱和再次加强.因而,晚新生代西太平洋暖池的形成和演化呈现阶段性.     

《气象报文自动处理分发系统》开发与应用

利用Visual Basic 6.0编程和mtimer定时进程控制技术，建立了《气象报文自动处理分发系统》。县（区）局测报员应用该系统的县局部分，能够实现报文编辑、转换、发送；市台预报员应用该系统的市局部分，可以实现报文收集、整理、打包传输。系统在一年多的实际业务应用中，简化了工作程序，实用性强，初步实现了气象信息传输的自动化。     

Inspirations from IODP Expedition 361

International Ocean Discovery Program, or present IODP that has been evolved from the early Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP), Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) is one of the international ocean drilling and exploration programs originated from USA. IODP 361 cruse supported by JOIDES Resolution is characterized of high maneuverability, high tectonic integrity, high comprehensive disciplinary, information aggregation, international researcher gathering, global study targeting, quantity study production, isolated close working environments and huge investment, which is one of the most important international cooperation platforms of the geosciences, especially global changes. It is also one of the super powerful engines not only guiding but also pushing the study on global change via exploring the records of ocean evolution, and also the fountainhead to understand the processes and mechanism of the global changes. As one the main members of the IODP, China is not only participating the activities and scientific researches of IODP, but also needs to improve the capabilities to monitor the ocean and establish our own facilities, laboratories and research centers. These are not only very important for the global research and the future development, but also crucial for the preservation of the ocean environment. Leaning and mastering mature operation models from the JOIDES Resolution, using the experience of IODP management for reference may benefit our research work and yield twice the result with half the effort.     

Volcanic stratigraphy of DSDP/ODP Hole 395A: An interpretation using well-logging data

Deep Sea Drilling Project/Ocean Drilling Program Hole 395A was drilled approximately 500 m deep into young oceanic crust west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Core recovery is very poor in this hole and therefore continuous downhole measurements are important to understand the drilled lithology. Geophysical downhole measurements were carried out during several cruises. A new set of logs was recorded during Leg 174B in summer 1997. The new logging data show a significant improvement in data quality compared to older measurements from Leg 109. The lithostratigraphy established from cores gives only limited information because of the poor core recovery in this hole. The gaps in the core lithostratigraphy are filled by reconstructing a synthetic lithological profile using the standard well-logging data. Three types of lava morphologies, massive basalts, altered lava flows, and pillow basalts, may be distinguished using the logs because the lava morphologies show differences in their physical properties due to differences in fracturing and alteration. The synthetic lithological profile gives a more detailed and precise vertical definition of single layers than the core profile. The integration of further logging and core data enables a detailed reconstruction of the accretion history at the drill site. Cyclic, upward decreasing trends in the resistivity logs were already observed during earlier cruises and were referred to magmatic cycles. Similar trends occur in the density log and, inversely, in the total gamma ray log. The trends reflect gradual changes in fracturing, porosity, permeability, and alteration and cover depth intervals of several tens of meters. Boundaries between cycles are interpreted to correspond to periods of volcanic quiescence. Two types of boundaries may be identified. Boundaries correlating with reversals in the magnetic field and/or changes in the geochemical composition of the basalts are interpreted as long pauses. Basalts separated by these boundaries were probably fed by separate magma reservoirs. Boundaries identified only by changes in alteration but not in geochemistry are interpreted to represent shorter pauses. They separate basalts that were probably fed by the same magma chamber. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

宇宙探索与钻探技术

钻探技术已成为人类探索宇宙的首批技术之一。以月球钻探为例,论述了外星球钻探的特点和难点;介绍了美国、前苏联钻探专家与航天专家合作研制的轻便、高可靠性、全自动月表取样钻机及其钻进工艺的现状;分析了各种钻进方案的优缺点;结合我国将要实施的“嫦娥3期”工程,就月球自动采样并返回技术提出了设想。     

程序在提高地震速报速度中的作用

本文重点介绍由福建省数字遥测地震台网自编的地震速报操作平台软件中的七个子程序及其主程序对提高地震速报速度的作用 ,同时也详细阐述实现该软件的几项关键性技术。     

利用探空资料作3T测风图

介绍了3T测风图的原理和3T测风图软件的研制方法。系统采用面向对象编程技术，选用Visual Basic60作为开发语言，实现了3T测风图的任意时段，任意站点的查阅。     

Provenance of a prominent sediment drift on the northern slope of the South China Sea

The sedimentation rate of the sediment drift in the southeast of Dongsha Islands is as high as 49 cm/ka in the last 1.05 Ma. Although the sedimentation rate changes with time, the contents of rare elements of the sediments remain almost the same, indicating that the source area of the sediments has been constant with time. On the triangular diagrams of La-Th-Sc and Th-Sc-Zr/10, the samples from the southeast of Dongsha Islands fall within the continental island arc field, overlapping the samples from Taiwan, while the samples from the Pearl River, those from the west of the Philippines that contain volcanic material, are separated from them. This indicates that the sediments from the southeast of Dongsha Islands have a close relationship to those from Taiwan in terms of provenance. In fact, the sediments on the northern slope of the South China Sea were derived from northeast direction, as well as from Taiwan, most probably transported from Taiwan through Penghu channel into the South China Sea. The terrigenous part of the deep-sea sediments in the north of the South China Sea was provided by different sources.