地震前异常的阶段性及其空间分布特征

将岩石变形曲线到达强度点以前比拟为地震前异常的中长期阶段，强度点至失稳点之间定义为短临阶段。在中长期阶段异常是由驱动力的增强或区域应力场的调整引起，前者引起的应力扰动场与原来的方向一致，强烈扰动区与原来的应力集中区一致，后者引起的应力扰动场应力方向可以发生变化，应力扰动对平均应力影响较大，强烈扰动区位于断层错列部位。二者的强烈扰动场均与未来的震源区无必然联系。在短临阶段异常是由局部断层扩展或弱化引起，与之相伴的是平均应力扰动场的四象限分布和最大剪应力扰动场的八瓣式分布     

Comparison of Chlorophyll a Concentrations Obtained with 90% Acetone and N,N-dimethylformamide Extraction in Coastal Seawater

Determinations of Chlorophyll a (Chl a) in eutrophic coastal marine waters were compared using N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 90% acetone techniques. Measured Chl a concentrations ranged from 0.89 to 10.65 μg l₋₁ for 90% acetone extracts and from 0.97 to 12.92 μg l⁻¹ for DMF extracts, respectively, for 24 surface water samples from the Harima-nada, Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Chl a concentrations using DMF as a solvent were consistently higher than those found using 90% acetone (p < 0.001, n= 24). Chl a is thus likely to be underestimated (by 13%) when 90% acetone is used for eutrophic waters. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

河流相砂体识别预测及古气候响应: 以渤中坳陷石南地区明下段为例

河流相砂体的识别预测及其发育演化对古气候变化的响应是当前河流相沉积研究的热点。基于地震沉积学方法,采用三步走的河流相砂体识别预测方法(井震结合建格架→90°相位调整标岩性→切片属性辨砂体),在渤海湾盆地渤中坳陷石臼坨凸起南部(石南)新近系明化镇组下段(简称“明下段”)识别出了顺直和蜿蜒河道砂、河道—堤坝复合体、点砂坝、河口坝、牛轭湖和决口扇6种河流相砂体。依据明下段泥岩颜色,结合藻类种属记录和孢粉记录分析,认为石南地区明下段沉积早期到中期经历了干湿交替→湿润主导的湿润化气候演变; 而明下段沉积中期到晚期经历了湿润主导→干旱主导的干旱化气候演变。润湿化气候演变使得明下段沉积中期河流相砂体宽度和单层厚度减小、弯曲度增大,且带状孤立河道砂体更发育; 而干旱化气候演变使得明下段沉积晚期流相砂体宽度和单层厚度增大、弯曲度减小,且带状河道—溢岸复合带和河口坝砂更发育。研究成果可为其他断陷盆地河流相砂体识别、预测提供参考,对指导构造活动相对较弱的湖盆萎缩期油气勘探实践具有一定的实践价值。     

内蒙古白云鄂博上石炭—下二叠统阿木山组碎屑锆石年代学特征及其地质意义

内蒙古白云鄂博地区阿木山组砂岩的碎屑锆石LA—ICP—MS U—Pb同位素年代学分析结果显示,早二叠世阿木山组的碎屑锆石主要由古生代(354~479 Ma)和元古宙(934~1 941 Ma)及少量的古元古—新太古代(2 330~2 688 Ma)碎屑锆石组成。结合该组模式剖面的实测和?蜓化石再研究,笔者认为,阿木山组含934~1 941 Ma碎屑锆石的砂岩物源来自于佳蒙地块,而非华北板块;含有Sphaeroschwagerina化石带的阿木山组应当属于佳蒙地块的大陆边缘沉积。这一认识对于研究西拉木伦河缝合带和古亚洲洋的构造演化、以及将内蒙古草原—松花江地层区划归佳蒙地层大区等具有重要意义。     

海南岛戈枕含金剪切带煌斑岩与金成矿关系研究

在详细的矿床地质、岩石地球化学和同位素年代学综合研究基础上,结合区域构造演化的特点,着重对金矿与煌斑岩的成因关系进行了剖析,认为戈枕含金剪切带煌斑岩与金矿不仅具有生成构造环境上的联系,而且对金成矿具有重要的物源贡献,是金矿找矿标志。煌斑岩与金矿是长期的区域构造活动、岩浆活动事件耦合作用的产物。     

岩体经验强度准则估算岩基强度参数和变形模量的方法

本文结合岩体CSIR和NGI分类体系,介绍了由岩体经验强度准则和岩体分类指标RMR和Q估算地基岩体强度参数和变形模量的方法,从而为快速、经济地进行岩基设计提供了重要途径。     

古昆仑湖地区183-90kaBP间的微体古生物与环境变迁

古昆仑湖位于昆仑山垭口昆仑河谷地,大约在200kaBP前已开始沉积,沉积物为一套灰、灰绿、土黄色粉砂质、砂质粘土,厚约7m.在纳赤台西北剖面5.6-2.4m层段产较多微体化石,介形类有8属12种:Ilyocypris biplicata(Koch),I.bradyi Sars,Eucypris crassa(Mller),E.elliptica(Baird),E.rischtanica Schneider,Candona candida(Mller),Stenocypriscf.major(Baird),Cypridopsis obesa Brady Robertson,Prionocypris gansenensis Huang,Potamocypris villosa(Jurine),P.cf.wolfi Brehm和Limnocythere dubiosa Daday等.轮藻类有Chara aliensis Z.Wang,Chara gansenensis S.Wang和Charasp.根据U系法测年,含化石地层的年龄大约为168-90kaBP,属于倒数第二次冰期至末次间冰期早期.按生物组合和沉积物特征分析,古昆仑湖区在183-90kaBP的环境气候变化大致有两个大的期次、6个小期次:(1)183-130kaBP冷湿期,湖区环境较冷湿,湖泊水质较淡,水温不高.早期(约183-170kaBP),湖面较宽,水体较深,环境动荡,化石贫乏;中期(约170-151.3kaBP),湖面有一定收缩,水质含盐度有所提升,水温仍不高,湖区环境湿度较大;晚期(约151.3-130kaBP),化石贫乏,生态环境、水质条件可能与早期类同.(2)130-90kaBP凉湿期,湖内生态环境较好,生物门类中除介形类外,出现沉水性植物轮藻类,且介形类生物量较前期有很大增加,属种分异度较好.早期(约130-105kaBP),偏冷湿;中期(约105-98kaBP),凉湿,为生物大发展大繁盛时期;晚期(约98-90kaBP),偏凉湿,在98-93kaBP,环境不宜生物生息,化石贫乏;约93-90kaBP,生态环境有所改善,有介形类3属5种,但生物量较小.     

Pertrogenesis and tectonic implications of the late Jurassic basic rocks from the northern Shi‐Hang zone,Southeast China

The tectonic setting of the late mesozoic of South China is in a debate between two schools of thought: an intra‐continental rift zone along a passive continental margin or active rifting associated with subduction of the paleo‐Pacific Plate. In this study, we present new sensitive high‐resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U‐Pb zircon ages, along with geochemical data of three basic dikes that cross‐cut the Dexing porphyry copper deposit. The deposit is the largest of its kind in eastern China and part of large scale mineralization associated with Mesozoic magmatic activity in the area. Our results indicate that the dikes were emplaced in the Late Jurassic with an average U‐Pb age of 153.5 ± 2.4 Ma. The intrusions have bulk ε_Nd(t) of ca +0.7 and zircon ε_Hf(t) value of +1.54 to +6.92. Based on relatively enriched light rare earth elements (LREE) and depleted high‐field‐strength elements (HFSE) abundances with pronounced negative Ta–Nb, Hf–Zr and Ti anomalies in multi‐element diagrams, we propose that these dikes were derived from a subduction‐modified lithospheric mantle source. The variability in Hf isotopes identifies some degree of crustal contaminations. Our data support a scenario with a back‐arc extensional setting or an intra‐arc rift environment associated with the westward subduction of the paleo‐Pacific Plate at or prior to the late Jurassic as the most likely cause for these subduction signatures.     

The study on mechanism and model of negative bias temperature instability degradation in P-channel metal—oxide—semiconductor field-effect transistors

Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) has become one of the most serious reliability problems of metal--oxide--semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). The degradation mechanism and model of NBTI are studied in this paper. From the experimental results, the exponential value 0.25--0.5 which represents the relation of NBTI degradation and stress time is obtained. Based on the experimental results and existing model, the reaction--diffusion model with H ⁺ related species generated is deduced, and the exponent 0.5 is obtained. The results suggest that there should be H ⁺ generated in the NBTI degradation. With the real time method, the degradation with an exponent 0.5 appears clearly in drain current shift during the first seconds of stress and then verifies that H⁺ generated during NBTI stress.     

北方造山带东北段中生代构造─流体─成岩成矿体系及其演化

本文讨论了北方造山带东北段满洲里─额尔古纳地区及其毗邻区中生代构造─流体─成岩成矿系统及其演化的三个不同阶段： 1）早中侏罗世张性“似裂谷环境”下所形成的中基性碱性火山岩、同熔性花岗岩及深源流体活动形成的稀土矿床和斑岩性铜钼矿床； 2）晚侏罗世挤压─剪切环境下所形成的酸性火山岩、斑岩类及深源流体活动所形成的铅锌银矿床； 3）早白垩世张性环境下所形成的基性碱性火山岩及深源流体活动所形成的铀矿床、金银矿床及萤石矿床。在此基础上，建立了区域中生代构造─流体─成岩成矿地球化学一体化系统模型。