气象变化与邢台地震关系初探

本对刑台地震活动与气象的关系进行了分析研究，认为刑台除１９６６年３月大震前有明显的气象异常，大震后的中强余震亦有气象异常，此外，还发现低气压对强震，余震活动均有显影响，经分析，我们认为低气压天气过程对地震活动有不可忽略的触发作用。     

地理信息获取与处理技术的发展与应用

从分析外业数据采集、内业数据处理、测绘产品的发展入手，讨论了地理信息获取与处理技术的进步及带来的变化。     

A response‐spectrum‐based envelope for Mohr's circle

Mohr's circle is commonly used to determine the combinations of normal and shear stresses that act in any direction at a location of interest within a structure. During an earthquake, the radius and center of Mohr's circle naturally fluctuate with time. In such cases, an envelope that bounds the time‐varying realizations of Mohr's circle at a given location is desirable to facilitate the identification of critical combinations of normal and shear stresses at that location. In this paper, a response‐spectrum‐based procedure for predicting the envelope that bounds Mohr's circle in a linear‐elastic structure subjected to seismic loads is developed. The accuracy of the proposed envelope is evaluated by comparing it to the results of time‐history analyses performed on a concrete gravity dam using simulated and recorded ground motions. It is found that the proposed envelope has a level of accuracy that is commensurate with its response spectrum bases. The largest observed difference between the simulated and predicted envelopes is less than 10%. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

北秦岭构造带（河南段）金、铜遥感地质综合找矿模式研究

根据TM、SPOT等遥感图像影像特征，综合北秦岭构造带（河南段）地质特点，分析了北秦岭构造带（河南段）的线性影像和环形影像特征，探讨了其对金、铜矿的控制作用。在总结成矿规律的基础上，建立了以线性、环形构造网络为主体的遥感地质综合找矿模式。     

考虑地球扁率的RNAV航路规划

考虑地球扁率的影响,在地理坐标系下推算区域导航(RNAV)航路点的经纬度坐标以及各航段的初始真航线角(TC)与航线距离,为机载区域导航设备提供更为精确的航迹指引和更为快捷的直飞航线。以IAG-75椭球参数为计算依据,根据空间向量分析,导出了RNAV大椭圆圈航线的初始TC、航线距离以及基于中间插值的航路点纬度计算方法。经计算,从B215航路的阜康至大王庄,现行等角航线距离为2642km,简化大圆航线模型的航线距离为2423.8km,而考虑地球扁率影响的大椭圆航线模型的航线距离为2435.3km。     

软土地区注浆成型螺纹桩抗拔承载力的计算

注浆成型螺纹桩采用后注浆技术形成桩侧螺纹,有利于在软土地区施工,目前已开始应用。基于螺纹桩上拔过程中螺牙附近土体的应力条件改变,采用摩尔应力圆分析螺牙附近破坏滑裂面的开展,得到了螺牙间距与螺牙突出尺寸的比值与滑裂面展开角之间的关系,给出了螺牙间土体从圆柱形滑裂面破坏向圆台形滑裂面破坏的判别条件。根据滑裂面的开展,将螺纹桩的抗拔承载力计算分为3种情况,采用极限平衡法得到了相应的螺纹桩抗拔承载力计算公式。最后,通过与有限元数值模拟以及实际工程算例对比,验证了文中方法的合理性。     

张量CSAMT数据处理技术初步研究与示范应用

面对大深度和三维探测,标量CSAMT(controlled source audio-frequency magnetotellurics)已显力不从心,而张量CSAMT正逐渐成为研究热点。在前人研究基础上,笔者就张量CSAMT数据处理方面提出Mohr圆分析和传统坐标旋转两种处理技术,并首次创新性地使用我国自主研发的综合电法仪开展了张量CSAMT示范应用。结果表明:Mohr圆分析和传统坐标旋转法相结合应用效果良好,可定性挖掘地下地质体的纵向和横向构造特征,主轴方位的视电阻率和阻抗相位与目标体对应良好,并且电阻率反演结果与钻孔等地质资料综合分析对建立试验区的地质地球物理模型是有益的。     

首都圈地区震源机制解综合研究

Comprehensive statistical analysis was performed on the basic features of focal mechanisms of 619 ML≥2.0 earthquakes which occurred in the capital circle area from January 2002 to June 2010. By dividing the capital area into three studying regions based on regional tectonic characteristics, cluster analysis was conducted on the focal mechanisms of all subregions using the longest distance method in the statistical cluster analysis to study the characteristics of tectonic stress tensors. The result shows that dominant P-axis azimuth distribution is NNE-NEE and that of T-axis is NNW--NWW, most of the focal areas are controlled by a horizontal stress field and rupture is mainly of horizontal strike-slip. The maximum principal compression stress orientation is NE75° in the west, NE62° in the middle, and near EW in the east of the capital area. The regional tectonic stress field is characterized by horizontal compression.     

论大三峡旅游圈的构建与发展

以三峡库区为核心的大三峡旅游圈具有文脉渊源关系和旅游协作的基础条件,三峡工程兴建引发的三峡旅游空间聚散效应,促使三峡旅游由线型结构向圈层结构转变。该文运用旅游圈理论、统筹发展理论和可持续发展理论构建了大三峡旅游圈的空间结构,提出渝鄂湘黔川五省市协作共建无障碍大三峡旅游圈的建议。     

考虑卸荷作用的底板突水破坏机制研究

在依据摩尔图解及断裂力学理论对底板卸荷突水破坏分析的基础上,运用损伤断裂力学并结合统一强度理论,建立了考虑渗透水压作用下分支裂纹端部形成的塑性区范围计算方程与岩体发生贯穿破坏时的损伤阀值。将裂纹扩展过程与岩体损伤耦合起来,确定了裂纹的损伤断裂能量计算公式并分析了其影响因素。结果表明：侧压系数 0.5时,最大主应力完全卸荷状态下裂纹端部应力强度因子比双轴应力状态下大,岩体易发生破坏。考虑了裂纹端部塑性区的影响,裂纹损伤断裂能量相比于不考虑其影响时偏大,增大了煤层底板突水的危险性。裂纹损伤断裂能量 与裂纹半长 、裂纹面连通面积与总面积之比 、裂纹面渗透水压 及最小主应力 呈正相关,与裂纹面摩擦系数 及岩体的弹性模量 呈负相关。分析结果为底板突水破坏机制研究提供了一定的参考依据。