Contamination risk of the Alburni Karst System (Southern Italy)

The Alburni massif (1742m a.s.l.) stretches NW–SE, about 23km long and 9–10km wide, covering 246km² with an average elevation of about 940m a.s.l. This massif, with more than 500 caves, is the most important karst area in southern Italy. The karst channel network is hierarchically organized: some channels feed a major spring (1m³/s) with a very short transit time while others communicate directly with the basal water table related to other springs (Q > 3m³/s).There are several dolines and swallow holes just above the basal water table and in the urbanized areas; for years a swallow hole directly transferred pollutants into the aquifer. The contamination vulnerability map shows that the prevalent vulnerability degree ranges from high to very high, due to the widespread karstification of the area and to the presence, on the plateau, of large vegetated areas with gentle slopes favouring fast infiltration.Hence it is important to ascertain the human impact on the area and the consequent contamination risk of the aquifer of the Alburni karst area. Three main layers were created to assess groundwater contamination risk: the vulnerability map, the hazard map, and the value map.The groundwater contamination risk map stresses the importance in a park area of aquifer vulnerability, which strongly influences the risk: indeed, the prevalent moderate degree of risk in the final map depends on the high vulnerability and the low hazard degree. However, in the future it is crucial to take into account the nature of the agricultural land use allowed in the park, which could increase the hazard degree and consequently the risk degree.     

无人机摄影测量技术的探索与应用研究

阐述了应用无人机摄影测量技术建立航空摄影测量系统的关键技术与方法。介绍了无人机摄影平台的设计与研制,通过对外业控制点布设、解析空三、内判测图等航测生产工序中技术要点的研究,以及试验成果的精度检验与分析,论证了采用该系统进行航空摄影测量的可行性。     

基于神经网络的点状地图符号识别

地图符号识别是地图成图自动化的一个重要研究方向,但是传统的地图符号识别方法已经不能满足数字地图发展的需要,迫切需要一种用自动化技术代替人工数字化的作业方式[1].因此地图符号的识别是整个技术的关键,而点状地图符号的识别更是地图符号识别的基础.本文探讨和研究了基于神经网络的点状地图符号识别.     

我院新增测绘符号的设计与开发

介绍一些现行<地形图图式>中没有相应符号可以表示的、新出现的独立地物和线形地物的设计和开发过程.     

基于基础地理信息的数字地图制图系统

基于国家基础地理信息,实现数字环境下的自动地图制图,是目前地图学研究的关键问题之一。本文根据国家现有图式表达规范,建立相应的符号库,实现地图的符号化,并以自动或半自动化方式解决符号配置过程中要素之间的各种关系;实现了点状、线状及面状注记的自动配置及移位处理,解决了地图的图外整饰配置与显示,初步实现了数字环境下普通地图的自动化制图。     

日本都市地图更新流程及经验体会

PASCO公司以提供地理信息为基轴的新信息服务,产品用于专业网站的网上地图查询,面向电脑及手机的地图服务及结合GPS技术的车载导航系统等,同时与信息技术紧密结合充分运用于地图的数字化处理、数据分析、信息提取和自动维护、信息发布等诸多方面。     

电子影像地图的技术研究

本文概述了电子影像地图的概念及其与地理信息系统的关系,详细介绍了电子影像地图的技术和实现方法.在上述理论基础上,本文研制了上海市电子影像地图,在研制过程中解决了数据安全性的问题、大数据量的存储、传送问题等等.论文依据面向对象的设计原理和编程方法,用Visual C 开发了用户的浏览查询界面,为普通用户提供了一个快速的查询浏览平台.     

Fast map matching,an algorithm integrating hidden Markov model with precomputation

Wide deployment of global positioning system (GPS) sensors has generated a large amount of data with numerous applications in transportation research. Due to the observation error, a map matching (MM) process is commonly performed to infer a path on a road network from a noisy GPS trajectory. The increasing data volume calls for the design of efficient and scalable MM algorithms. This article presents fast map matching (FMM), an algorithm integrating hidden Markov model with precomputation, and provides an open-source implementation. An upper bounded origin-destination table is precomputed to store all pairs of shortest paths within a certain length in the road network. As a benefit, repeated routing queries known as the bottleneck of MM are replaced with hash table search. Additionally, several degenerate cases and a problem of reverse movement are identified and addressed in FMM. Experiments on a large collection of real-world taxi trip trajectories demonstrate that FMM has achieved a considerable single-processor MM speed of 25,000–45,000 points/second varying with the output mode. Investigation on the running time of different steps in FMM reveals that after precomputation is employed, the new bottleneck is located in candidate search, and more specifically, the projection of a GPS point to the polyline of a road edge. Reverse movement in the result is also effectively reduced by applying a penalty.     

基于天地图的交通引导系统设计

针对我国当前交通拥堵现状并结合城市具体交通状况,本文提出了以天地图为基础的交通引导系统设计方案。通过对交通信息的搜集、分析,制作专题信息地图,在引入Ajax引擎工作模式的基础上,将交通道路信息分析成果以地图形式进行网络发布,反映交通道路的拥堵程度。驾驶员通过移动端浏览器可以直观地掌握所处时段的交通状况,系统通过时间依赖方法可以为驾驶人员寻找出行耗时少的最优驾驶路线,从而避免由于驾驶员对交通信息掌握不明导致的车辆集中,缓解城市道路交通压力,减少交通拥堵现象。     

线状地图符号的多样化设计与验证

探讨了线状地图符号的特点,从视觉变量出发针对线状地图符号的设计方法进行了理论研究,提出了线状符号多样化设计的思想。之后以应急专题地图符号为例,进行了应急专题地图线状符号的多样化设计,并通过眼动实验进行了验证。