基于MicroStation的地图符号库设计与实现

论述了基于MicroStation的地图符号库设计与制作方法,探讨了系统设置、分层设计、符号化控制对应表的设计与建立及制作方法,试验证明其实用可行。     

地图易读性度量公式的改进

分析了原地图易读性度量公式在反映易读因素发生微小变化时的灵敏度不高的缺陷后,修改了点线符号差异函数式、面状域差异函数式和层面反差函数式的幂指数,使幂指数由1/3改为1/4,实现了提高公式反映地图易读因素微小变化灵敏度的目的。     

普通地图符号库的设计与实现

地形图符号库是数字地图和GIS系统不可缺少的一个模块,本文在分析地图符号分类与结构的基础上,应用V isual C 6.0面向对象的方法详细论述了点状、线状、面状符号的制作过程。     

太原市黑臭水体遥感识别与地面验证

城市黑臭水体整治是城市水环境治理的一项重要工作。本文通过构建黑臭水体遥感识别模型,解决城市黑臭水体整治过程中黑臭水体的识别问题,实现城市黑臭水体空间分布快速定位与排查。通过分析黑臭水体形成机理和试验数据,从光谱特征上构建反映水体清洁程度的光谱指数（WCI）,从图像特征上构建水体颜色、次生环境、河道淤塞、岸边带垃圾堆放等解译标志,综合光谱指数和解译标志共同进行黑臭水体遥感识别。利用该方法对太原市建成区内黑臭水体空间分布进行排查识别,共得到疑似黑臭河段14条,长度为52.530 km。经验证,除去断流影响外,遥感识别黑臭水体点位精度为92.86%,遥感识别黑臭河段长度精度为78.19%。在精度验证基础之上,进一步分析了黑臭水体遥感识别光谱指数和各项解译标志在黑臭识别中所占的权重,其中光谱指数和水体颜色二者权重最大,分别占29.60%和27.10%,是构成遥感识别黑臭水体的主要特征标志。通过两时相影像识别结果比对表明,WCI指数能够明显反应黑臭水体变化特征。因此,利用本文方法进行城市黑臭水体遥感识别具有很高的精度,在城市水环境整治过程中具有重要的应用价值。     

基于天地图的便携式自然资源政务云平台研发

以国家天地图互联网数据为基础,以充分融合的某市地理信息三维倾斜数据、VR数据、专题数据与政务大数据为基础平台数据,在便携式移动设备上研发通用的政务大数据平台。并以云服务的形式提供大数据,为政府现场办公管理提供了科学的数据参考,在河长制管理、生态红线划分保护、工农业经济发展、旅游产业发展等方面进行了应用,在推动数字城市、智慧城市发展方面,具有积极的社会意义。     

招平断裂带中段构造原生晕地球化学特征及找矿模型

招平断裂带是胶西北地区重要的金矿成矿带,该带上已发现多个特大型、大型、中型金矿床,金矿床的成矿具有多期、多阶段叠加的特点。该文对招平断裂带中段深部构造地球化学特征进行了研究,成矿元素异常组合为Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn,As,Sb,Bi,B,Hg,Mo,As,Sb,Hg为头晕指示元素;W,Bi,Mo,Sn为尾晕指示元素;近矿指示元素为Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn。据此建立了构造地球化学找矿模型,确定了构造地球化学找矿预测标志,为深部找矿提供了地球化学依据。     

不同系统中统计符号库的设计

统计符号是地图制图中最受欢迎和最为广泛应用的地图符号之一。本文就应用于电子制图系统、机助制图系统、决策支持系统中的统计符号库设计的不同进行了论述。     

COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR DISTINGUISHING DIFFERENT GRADES OF GEOMORPHOLOGIC SURFACES BASED ON SEDIMENT PARTICLE SIZE FEATURES: TAKING THE QINGYIJIANG RIVER BASIN AS AN EXAMPLE

When using river geomorphology to study tectonic deformation, it is often difficult to distinguish the same level geomorphology in areas with severe weathering. In this paper, we take the geomorphologic surfaces of the Qingyijiang river basin as an example and try to distinguish the geomorphic surfaces by the sediment features that make up them. In order to distinguish different geomorphic surfaces, the traditional particle-size analysis method, SOFM network method and system clustering analysis method are taken to classify 29 samples from different geomorphic surfaces. The classification results of the three methods are different to a certain extent. We analyzed and compared the classification results of the three methods in detail. The results show that the traditional particle size analysis method, SOFM network method and cluster analysis method all can distinguish the geomorphic surface of different genesis, besides, they also can distinguish low-level terraces(T₁, T₂)and high-level terraces(T₃, T₄)for different grades of river terraces. Furthermore, the results also show that SOFM network method and cluster analysis method can make a certain distinction for the low-level terraces(T₁, T₂), while the traditional particle size analysis method is difficult to distinguish them. In addition, we analyzed and compared the three methods from the classification results, the results presentation, the operation process, and the error transmission. The results suggest that the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods are obvious. From the perspective of the classification results, the three methods all can distinguish the river terraces and alluvial fans and can make certain discrimination for different levels of river terraces. From the presentation of the results, the result of SOFM network is simple and clear. From the operation process, the traditional particle-size analysis method is relatively cumbersome, and the SOFM network method and the cluster analysis method are relatively simple to operate. From the perspective of error transmission, the traditional particle-size analysis method calculates the partial particle size feature value of the sample, which has a certain loss for the particle size distribution information of the whole sample. The error of the clustering analysis method has cumulative features and the influence exists consistently. The classification results of the SOFM network are independent of each other, which effectively avoids the problem of such error transmission of clustering analysis method. Overall, the classification results of the SOFM network method are simple and clear, the operation is simple, and the error is small. It has stronger adaptability to identifying different levels of different geomorphic surfaces. The results of this study will provide a simple and effective means for distinguishing different levels of geomorphic surfaces.     

约束Delaunay三角剖分的“岛屿”类图斑符号填充

针对传统方法对“岛屿”类图斑进行符号填充会造成敏感区域符号布局不合理或符号空间冲突的问题,本文提出了一种约束Delaunay三角剖分的“岛屿”类图斑符号填充方法。首先,对“岛屿”类图斑对应的离散点群进行规则网格化和不规则三角剖分,用于计算等值点;然后,依据附加准则增加“凸”形和“凹”形附加点,顺次连接等值点和附加点作为Delaunay三角剖分的约束边界;最后,构建均匀变化的约束Delaunay三角网,在三角网内进行图元积分,填充“岛屿”类图斑符号。利用电子海图中岛屿边界点数据进行试验分析,与传统方法相比,本文方法填充的“岛屿”类图斑符号变化均匀,交互性较强,便于用户修改和切换,进行二次填充。试验结果表明,本文方法适用于“岛屿”类图斑的符号填充。     

传统聚落文化景观基因的符号机制

传统聚落文化景观基因是解读传统聚落景观蕴含的深层次地学特征的重要切入点。然而该理论目前尚未从符号学的视角探索文化景观基因的符号机制。对此,本文首先从符号哲学的视角系统地分析了文化景观基因的特征：① 文化景观基因是宏观的聚落意象与微观的细节特征、物质外观表征与内在文化寓意、整体性特征与局部自我更新、定性与定量分析方法、优势性与内涵丰富性的辩证统一;② 文化景观基因有着多样的形态特征和复杂的空间结构,具有非线性、自组织和自迭代的重要特征。其次,论文探索了文化景观基因符号机制的概念,论述了文化景观基因的符号特征、分类和相应的表达方法,明确了构建文化景观基因符号的理论依据。最后,运用VC#.net程序语言开发了文化景观基因符号库原型程序,并给出了相应的实例。本文研究工作表明,开展文化景观基因符号机制的探索,对于完善传统聚落文化景观基因理论,促进文化景观基因资源的数字化等深化应用,具有重要的意义。