From data to decision-making – experiences in Integrated Earth Observation (IEO)

Within the confines of Earth Observation Scientific Knowledge and Technology Transfer in Hungary (EKAT) titled ESA PECS project we gained forum for utilization of our earth observation (EO) knowledge and possibility for further development of experiences. The project aims the horizontal preparation of Hungary for ESA membership – for a dynamically developing sphere in the common part of science, technology and business. For the efficient transfer and dissemination, we preconceived target groups and principles to reach main take-up points and to open new forums of information exchange. Nowadays, user-friendly service, complex supply and real-validation process all have great importance. Joining units of suitable data choice, entire ingestion–processing chains and ergonomic interfaces can only offer a timely and professional solution for the challenges of industry and business sectors. It has to be clearly seen, that information and communication technologies (ICT) and information control becomes a more and more significant part of EO services.     

规划管理信息系统中CAD集成应用研究

随着城市规划信息化建设的不断深入与完善,GIS已成为一种辅助规划管理必不可少的新技术,怎样实现GIS与广泛使用的CAD之间的集成,成为当前规划信息化建设工作中必须解决的一项课题。本文以宁波市规划管理信息系统为例,实现了CAD与GIS、MIS系统的集成应用,对图文进行一体化管理。     

Evaluation of environmental parameters in logistic regression models for landslide susceptibility mapping

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine how well the landslide susceptibility parameters, obtained by data-dependent statistical models, matched with the parameters used in the literature. In order to achieve this goal, 20 different environmental parameters were mapped in a well-studied landslide-prone area, the Asarsuyu catchment in northwest Turkey. A total of 4400 seed cells were generated from 47 different landslides and merged with different attributes of 20 different environmental causative variables into a database. In order to run a series of logistic regression models, different random landslide-free sample sets were produced and combined with seed cells. Different susceptibility maps were created with an average success rate of nearly 80%. The coherence among the models showed spatial correlations greater than 90%. Models converged in the parameter selection peculiarly, in that the same nine of 20 were chosen by different logistic regression models. Among these nine parameters, lithology, geological structure (distance/density), landcover-landuse, and slope angle were common parameters selected by both the regression models and literature. Accuracy assessment of the logistic models was assessed by absolute methods. All models were field checked with the landslides resulting from the 12 November 1999, Kayna?li Earthquake (Ms = 7.2).     

Performance optimization of grid aggregation in spatial data warehouses

The problem of storage and querying of large volumes of spatial grids is an issue to solve. In this paper, we propose a method to optimize queries to aggregate raster grids stored in databases. In our approach, we propose to estimate the exact result rather than calculate the exact result. This approach reduces query execution time. One advantage of our method is that it does not require implementing or modifying functionalities of database management systems. Our approach is based on a new data structure and a specific model of SQL queries. Our work is applied here to relational data warehouses.     

Blending Aggregation and Selection: Adapting Parallel Coordinates for the Visualization of Large Datasets

Abstract

Many of the traditional data visualization techniques, which proved to be supportive for exploratory analysis of datasets of moderate sizes, fail to fulfil their function when applied to large datasets. There are two approaches to coping with large amounts of data: data selection, when only a portion of data is displayed, and data aggregation, i.e. grouping data items and considering the groups instead of the original data. None of these approaches alone suits the needs of exploratory data analysis, which requires consideration of data on all levels: overall (considering a dataset as a whole), intermediate (viewing and comparing collective characteristics of arbitrary data subsets, or classes), and elementary (accessing individual data items). Therefore, it is necessary to combine these approaches, i.e. build a tool showing the whole set and arbitrarily defined subsets (object classes) in an aggregated way and superimposing this with a representation of arbitrarily selected individual data items.

We have achieved such a combination of approaches by modifying the technique of parallel coordinate plot. These modifications are described and analysed in the paper.     

Voronoi邻近关系支持下的点模式趋同提取方法

点模式及其趋同研究是揭示地学现象的产生、发展与演变,量化空间相似性分布、诠释空间分布成因的重要方式。目前,点模式研究侧重于已知频率与随机分布的一元独立性检验、距离测度下单观测值的二元相关性分析,而针对集聚过程相关性,空间拓扑与非拓扑邻近、综合多观测值的点模式趋同量化研究顾及不足。据此,以空间邻近性聚类、局部相关的多指标评价为切入点,本文提出了一种Voronoi邻近关系支持下的点模式趋同提取方法。首先,以Voronoi邻近相关表集聚算法剖分出空间独立性点模式;其次,依据Voronoi邻近关系指数测度、样本分布均值与分布方差的趋同假设,使用拉普拉斯平滑算子评价趋同度;最后,依据λ截矩阵,提取出Voronoi邻近、非Voronoi邻近关系支持下的强趋同点模式。试验以云南省腾冲市居民点数据为算例,经与点模式构建的聚类方法对比、趋同度计算与强趋同提取,验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。     

论军事测绘学与军事地理学发展的“分异”与“聚焦”

军事测绘学和军事地理学的演进与发展,都有近两千多年的历史,如今都已进入信息时代,成为分属工科和理科的两门独立的学科。本文论述了军事测绘学和军事地理学的研究对象、内容、范围和方法;分析了军事测绘学和军事地理学各自的发展过程,描述了各自的演进轨迹,特别是分析了信息时代的军事测绘学和军事地理学的发展趋势和各自特点;就军事测绘学和军事地理学在战场地理环境信息保障中的作用,分别从战场地理环境信息保障的两种思维、发展过程、发展特点和发展趋势等几个方面,分析了军事测绘学和军事地理学的"分异"与"聚焦";最后,从哲学的高度论述了"空间与时间一起构成运动着的物质存在的两种基本形式"和"空间参照与时间参照是自然与社会现象的两个基本参照系统"的观点,认为军事测绘学和军事地理学都是研究存在于空间和时间之中且运动着的物质,但研究的具体对象、内容、范围和方法有很大区别,必将在无限和有限统一的空间和时间中深化各自的研究内容、开拓各自的研究范围,创新各自的研究方法,同时又更加紧密地聚焦于战场地理环境信息保障。     

地理信息安全加密系统的实现与应用

地理信息是涉及国家安全的基础性和战略性资源,出于对国家安全的考虑,需要对地理信息进行严格保护。本文通过研发地理信息安全加密系统,实现了对地理信息数据的安全管理与控制。以宾阳县地理国情普查数据生产为例,通过使用加密系统,实现了对地理信息数据分发、使用、生产的安全管理。     

智慧城市时空信息云平台评价指标体系研究

为明确评估在开展智慧城市时空信息云平台建设过程中城市相关智能化能力的保障水平及建设带来的实际成效,以及为开展智慧城市建设工作提供依据,本文依据《国家智慧城市评价指标体系》及其对部门评价指标建立的要求,研究并提出了智慧城市时空信息云平台建设评价指标体系的总体框架和评价要素,在试点城市进行了评分试验;并根据试验结果进行了指标的修订和完善,以引导和推动城市有目的、有计划、有步骤地开展智慧城市时空信息云平台建设。     

翻转课堂在地理信息系统课程教学中的实践与思考

针对教师主导的传统教学模式在地理信息系统课程教学中存在的不足,提出了将翻转课堂这一新的混合学习教学模式引入教学的想法。首先分析了地理信息系统课程实施翻转课堂的必要性和可行性,然后在综合考虑地理信息系统课程特点与中外教育文化差异的基础上进行了课程设计和组织实施。实践结果表明,实施翻转课堂确实能够提高学生学习主动性和教学质量,同时也对教师的专业水平和教学能力提出了更高的要求。