机载三维成像仪航带拼接的误差处理研究

机载三维成像仪是集成了全球定位系统（GPS）、姿态测量装置、激光测距仪昨光谱成像仪的新一代航空遥感系统，它能直接得到的地学编码影像和数字地面模型（DTM），而无需地面控制点。利用图像上分布的具有三维坐标的激光点来纠正原始图像，并且生成DTM。该文首先分析了机载三维成像仪系统中各种传感器本身的误差和系统之间存在的误差，然后介绍了处理系统误差的方法－航带重叠区域灰度平均差值最小算法求解航带间的系统误差，同时还设计了一种变权方法来处理随机误差和拼接航带的地学编码图像。通过算例说明了处理算法的正确性。     

地震测点误差对地震学参量的影响分析

采用随机干扰方法，在地震观测误差容许值范围内，对地震观测资料进行人为随机干扰。在此基础上，使用干扰前后的资料对b值、η值、地震活动度S值、活动标度H值、等效地震M和频度N等6种地震学参量进行偏差分析，研究地震观测误差对地震学参量的影响。     

成都地磁台的观测与评估

通过对成都地磁台的仪器配置、误差来源、资料质量等方面进行综合分析，结果表明．成都地磁台的观测质量稳定，资料连续可靠。成都地磁台的观测能够正确反映成都地区地磁场的变化特征。     

工程控制网精度设计的多元分析法

本文结合当前工程控制网设计的主元分析法和数学模型扭曲法,提出了根据谱分解的方法进行控制网精度设计的多元分析法。文中介绍了该法的基本原理,并结合实例说明了该法对全面判定控制网的设计质量的有效性。     

对全国复测水准网平差的几点探讨

本文讨论复试水准网平差中的几个实际问题,即平差方法的选择,定权的必要精度和验后估计的必要多余观测数等。通过理论分析与实际试算得出了一些有益的结论。     

LONGITUDINAL STREAM-PROFILES AS INDICATORS FOR GEOMETRIC SEGMENTATION OF THE LANGSHAN- HUANGBAISI FAULT ZONE, NORTHWEST BEIJING

The Langshan-Huangbaisi fault zone in northwest Beijing is the southwestern part of the normal fault zone on the northern margin of the Yanqing basin, 35.5km long and NNE-NEE-trending in general, on which two major 130°- 140° bends separate it into three segments with different strikes.Using the Hack's method, 71 longitudinal stream-profiles along the fault zone are analysed, shawing a well geomorphic response to the fault geometry. On these two major bends the gradient indices,K value     

Runoff generation in a sandy area—the nizzana sands,Western Negev,Israel

This paper presents the results of sprinkling experiments conducted over the lower part of vegetated and crusted linear dunes as well as over flat playa surfaces that appear in the interdune corridors. Data obtained show that these two surface units respond quickly to rainstorms. Runoff generation can be expected for any storm exceeding 2-3 mm and runoff coefficients are high. When the topsoil algal crust, 1 to 2 mm thick, is removed from the surface of the dune, infiltration increases drastically and eliminates any possibility of runoff generation under present-day rainfall conditions. This data may be of great help in the understanding of the geomorphology and sedimentary sequence of the corridors separting linear dunes.     

Use of the Hilbert transform to interpret self-potential anomalies due to two-dimensional inclined sheets

Self-potential anomalies due to two-dimensional inclined sheet of finite depth extent are analysed from their horizontal and vertical derivatives via the Hilbert transform. The depths to the top and bottom of the sheet and the inclination are obtained by means of simple mathematical expressions. The method is applied to a theoretical example and to a field S.P. anomaly over a sulphide deposit in the Kalava fault zone of Cuddapah basin, India. The presence of random noise is analysed for various levels and its effect is discussed. This interpretation process can be automated for all practical purposes by simple programming.