一种提高CCD成像卫星空间分辨率的方法研究

从卫星硬件设计与地面软件处理相结合的角度出发，建立了一套提高卫星图像空间分辨率的方法。对模拟靶标图像、一航景物图像、遥感图像分别进行了不同分辨率成像效果的计算机模拟。结果表明，所建立的卫星图像空间分辨率提高理论是正确的，使卫星图像空间分辨率提高2倍甚至更多在理论上是可行的。这一研究成果的实际应用，将会提高卫星的空间分辨率，也可以在保持卫星分辨率的条件下，缩小光学仪器的焦距，使卫星相机小型化，减小其体积和重量。     

虚拟现实技术在虚拟旅游中的应用

该文简要介绍了虚拟现实技术 ,通过对旅游电子商务的分析 ,讨论了虚拟旅游中的虚拟现实技术 ,提出基于WebGIS电子地图、全景图像生成和网络全景图像浏览组成的虚拟旅游系统技术方案 ,并展望了该项技术的广阔的市场前景     

极地记录冰川和达尔克冰川流速的遥感监测研究

测定南极冰川的流速 ,对于研究南极冰雪物质平衡、南极环境变化及其对全球环境的影响有重大意义。本文论述了利用多时相卫星遥感影像监测冰川变化的原理和方法 ,通过对英格里特 .克里斯泰森海岸不同时期的遥感影像进行几何纠正和配准及叠加处理 ,测量和计算出极地记录冰川和达尔克冰川的平均流速 ,并对它们的变化特点进行了初步的分析和评价。     

利用TM影像分析潮河与密云水库入库口处泥沙的空间分布

河流携带的泥沙进入水库后 ,由于河流水体与水库水体的共同作用而在河口区产生沉降。理论上水体中的泥沙含量是与距入库口处的空间距离相关的。并且 ,根据实验与模拟的结果 ,在可见光的任一波段内 ,水体中的含沙量与水面反射率具有一定的相关关系。TM影像的第二、三波段刚好位于含沙水体反射光谱的肩部和峰值部分 ,可以准确地反映水体的含沙情况。以潮河与密云水库的交接处为例 ,在泥沙含量与反射率负指数关系式的基础上 ,利用两个时相的TM影像 ,通过泥沙沉降过程的主轴作用线 ,采用回归模拟和经验公式相结合的办法 ,建立了泥沙沉降过程的遥感空间分布模型 ,讨论了模型中各参数的具体含义 ,描述水体中泥沙含量与沉降的情况。最后 ,采用多个作用轴线进行拟和与空间插值分析 ,建立了水体中泥沙含量的空间分布模拟图 ,经过检测 ,该图较好地反映了河流入库处水体中的泥沙含量情况 ,为遥感技术在监测水体含沙量方面的应用提供了技术基础。     

3–D Tomographic Images and Deep Ore-Control in Northern Margin of the North China Plate

Abstract: 3–D velocity images of the crust beneath the northern margin of the North China Plate have been constructed using P-wave travel time residuals of the latest earthquakes, with the data supplied by Chinese seismic networks.
The seismic image results indicate that there is a lateral heterogeneity in the crust beneath the northern part of the North China block. The velocity images of the upper crust show features closely related to the tectonic features on the surface. It can be seen from these velocity images of the vertical sections, and from the horizontal slice images at depths of 11 and 16 km that there exist East-West and North-East structures. The images indicate that the juncture zone of basin–and–range terrain is between the blue-colored high–velocity block corresponding to the Yanshan mountain range that developed during the Yanshan period in northwest Beijing and the green low-velocity area corresponding to the North China basin in southeast Beijing (Fig. 5). The juncture zone between high-velocity and low–velocity, and EW and NE fault zones have significant ore-control effects. From the chart of epicenters in the northern region of North China, we find that the epicenters of earthquakes are almost entirely distributed within the NE strip. Almost all major earthquakes took place in the transition strip between the high and low-velocity zones in the crust. The distribution of epicenters also reflects the strikes of known NE–faults. From the image sections along the latitude, we find that in the area between 114.0 E –118.0 E , there is a blue high-velocity block standing upright from the Moho to the upper crust (Fig. 6), from which can be deduced that some materials such as magma moved upward from the upper mantle during the history of its geological development.     

酒泉、嘉峪关地域城镇系统的空间规模结构研究

受干旱区自然地理、人口发展与分布等特殊条件的制约,酒泉、嘉峪关地域城镇系统的空间规模结构呈现“中小市镇、多中心”的特征。针对这种状况,空间规模结构的研究和规划,应注重建构多中心的地域城镇系统,带动地域整体发展要促进相邻城市间、城市与境内或周边单位间的空间关联及与近郊集镇的融合,推动城乡一体化应突出酒泉-嘉峪关复合城市的中心地位,强化敦煌市的规模和职能,保证玉门市区持续发展并尽快发展玉门镇,积极发展其他小城镇。     

Spatiotemporal characteristics of white mold and impacts on yield in soybean fields in South Dakota

ABSTRACT

White mold of soybeans is one of the most important fungal diseases that affect soybean production in South Dakota. However, there is a lack of information on the spatial characteristics of the disease and relationship with soybean yield. This relationship can be explored with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Landsat 8 and a fusion of Landsat 8 and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. This study investigated the patterns of yield in two soybean fields infected with white mold between 2016 and 2017, and estimated yield loss caused by white mold. Results show evidence of clustering in the spatial distribution of yield (Moran’s I = 0.38; p < 0.05 in 2016 and Moran’s I = 0.45; p < 0.05 in 2017) that can be explained by the spatial distribution of white mold in the observed fields. Yield loss caused by white mold was estimated at 36% in 2016 and 56% in 2017 for the worse disease pixels, with the most accurate period for estimating this loss on 21 August and 8 September for 2016 field and 2017 field, respectively. This study shows the potential of free remotely sensed satellite data in estimating yield loss caused by white mold.     

Windows下静止卫星云图处理软件

使用可视化开发工具在微软Windows操作系统下开发了一套针对科研和教学使用的GMS-5静止卫星云图处理软件,它使用方便灵活,基本功能完备,能够完成气象研究中对静止卫星云图处理的基本要求。该软件的主要功能有：云图叠加地图与经纬网格、亮温等值线处理、云图平均、云图数字增强、云图转存为常用格式图像文件等。     

基于SPOT 5异轨立体像对提取DEM试验与精度评估

介绍了异轨立体像对提取DEM的基本原理和数据处理流程,利用两景影像进行了DEM提取试验,分析了结果的精度,提出了利用卫星立体影像提取DEM这一方法的发展方向。     

基于TM影像的南京市土地利用遥感动态监测

基于南京市1988年和1998年两期TM影像，首先用辐射水准归一化法将1998年影像校正到1988年影像的辐射水平上，再经过几何校正、训练区纯化等预处理，对两期影像分别用最大似然法进行分类，然后在Arc／Info的GRID模块中编写AML语言，对得到的两期土地利用分类图进行叠置运算，提取出土地利用动态变化信息。分析结果表明，10a间南京市耕地面积大量减少，林地面积有所增加。