Adjoint method for the optimum planning of industrial pollutant sources

The deterioration of air quality is threatening the life and health of people. Scientists in China and other countries have done a great deal of research work on the details of air pollution and the methods of preven-tion and control during the past decades. Up to now, most of the achievements are concentrated on the techniques of controlling pollutant sources and the programs of reduction, which focus on the improve-ment of air quality and the restoration of environment. The techniques of con…     

Lithological and geochemical record of anthropogenic changes in recent sediments of a small and shallow lake (Lake Pusty Staw,northern Poland)

The article presents the results of lithological and geochemical investigations of recent sediments of Lake Pusty Staw. The analysed sediments document about 300 years of the history of this lake. Historical materials indicate that significant changes in the catchment of the lake took place from the beginning of the 18th century (deforestation and afforestation) followed by 19th century tourist development, and 20th century industrialisation. The sediments were dated using the ²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs method and core lithology. These made it possible to establish a reliable chronology to the year 1730. The calculated sedimentation rates ranged between 0.17 and 0.83 cm year^–1. There was a period of intensified erosion caused by land clearance between 1734 and 1810, which resulted in an acceleration in sedimentation rate (0.36 cm year^–1) and a change of lithological type of sediment from detritus gyttja to clayey gyttja. On the basis of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb content in the sediments, it was determined that the beginning of pollution of the lake dates back to the 19th century and was caused probably by the existence of a health resort. A systematic increase in pollution occurred in the 20th century as a result of industrial plants. Normalised with respect to Al, the content of heavy metals in polluted sediments was from several to twenty times higher than in sediments of the preindustrial period, and a comparison of historical materials with changes of sediments in most cases made it possible to identify the direct causes of the increase in pollution.     

全国矿产资源规划信息数据库及管理系统的构建

随着矿产规划管理信息的逐渐增多和矿政管理部门的需求不断提高,本文根据规划管理的业务需求以及第二轮的矿产资源规划标准,建立了全国矿产资源规划信息数据库管理系统。通过Oracle 10g建立矿产资源规划信息数据库,并通过ArcGIS Engine构建管理系统,实现了全国矿产资源规划信息的整合与共享,为矿产规划管理的科学化、精细化提供了依据。     

基于移动GIS的城乡规划监察执法信息系统

分析了目前城乡规划监察执法工作存在的问题及信息化需求,提出了利用移动GIS技术研发城乡规划监察执法信息系统的方法;着重阐述了系统的业务模式、设计框架、数据组织、系统实现;最后总结了在移动GIS技术辅助下的城乡规划监察执法系统在实际工作的应用。     

地理信息技术在城市规划编制中的应用

城市规划编制是城市规划管理工作的基础,关系到城市的有序、合理、持续发展。从空间表达与数据挖掘、用地评定与空间结构分析、预测与模拟3个方面,以典型案例为重点,对地理信息在城市规划编制中的应用进行了探讨。     

城市规划管理系统空间数据更新技术研究

数据的现势性是城市规划管理数据的生命力所在,因此,必须研究快速、准确、高效的数据更新方法。针对城市规划数据的特点和质量控制需求,本文对基于版本和工作流技术的数据更新方法进行了探讨和研究。通过胶南市土地规划网格化管理系统检验表明这种方法是行之有效的。     

20世纪90年代中期以来中国县域旅游研究进展与展望

采用Pearson Correlation分析法对1995-2010年我国县域旅游研究重要文献进行系统评述,初步构建了我国县域旅游理论体系;研究内容主要包括发展、规划、开发、资源、市场、形象、产品和方法研究8个领域21个视角,研究方法以现象描述和数理统计方法为主,但仍存在着理论研究视角、实证研究对象和研究方法选择较单一等问题;今后应分别从发展、规划、开发、要素和研究方法等方面的28个重要方向拓宽和延伸我国县域旅游的理论与实证研究。     

An interdisciplinary approach to depict landscape change drivers: A case study of the Ticuiz agrarian community in Michoacan, Mexico

Landscape changes are driven by a combination of physical, ecological and socio-cultural factors. Hence, a large amount of information is necessary to monitor these changes and to develop effective strategies for management and conservation. For this, novel strategies for combining social and environmental data need to be developed. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the value of an innovative interdisciplinary approach to help in explaining landscape change. We integrated three main sources of information: biophysical landscape attributes, land-use/cover change analysis and social perceptions of land-use change, institutional and policy factors and environmental services. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to develop a weight for each variable described or quantified. Finally we identified proximate causes and underlying driving forces of land transformation in the study area. The study was undertaken in a typical community in Mexico.     

旅游规划设计的内涵本质与核心理论研究

随着旅游业在吸纳就业、调整产业结构、带动区域经济发展等诸多方面作用日益凸显,旅游规划市场呈现出蓬勃发展的趋势.然而,从学科来看旅游规划不仅缺乏独有的核心理论和关键技术作为支撑,而且其与其他规划设计在本质上的区别也尚未能予以清晰地界定.为此,在前人研究和多年规划实践基础上,就若干基础性问题进行探讨:一是提出了旅游规划设计的六大本质特征;二是提出了旅游规划设计师的四大看家本领;三是提出了旅游规划设计的“12345”核心理论框架;四是提出了旅游规划设计的综合诊断技术、创造体验技术、综合匹配技术、时空设计技术和综合集成技术五大关键技术方法;五是讨论了旅游规划设计的学科性质和地位.