基于加权整体最小二乘的矿区平面坐标转换方法

常用的平面坐标系统转换模型四参数转换法在实际工程应用中,由于公共点一般分布在较小的范围内,点之间的距离较近,因此传统的四参数转换模型中旋转参数和平移参数之间的相关性较大,容易导致法方程病态,进而影响转换参数的精度,文中从重合点坐标重心化的转换模型出发,还原出重心化之前的四参数。通过加权整体最小二乘的转换分析及迭代计算,验证运用加权整体最小二乘(WTLS)方法转换的参数质量比最小二乘(LS)、整体最小二乘(TLS)方法得到的参数质量有显著改善。     

对分量进行联合解算的极移预报方法研究

为了提高极移预报的精度,该文提出结合极移的两个分量进行统一求解的极移联合预报方法:将极移的两个分量组成一个观测方程,并采用LS+AR模型对联合分量的确定项与随机项进行拟合。实验结果表明,文中采用的联合预报方法可以提高极移的预报精度。     

有偏迭代估计在短基线集形变模型中的应用

进行SBAS技术时,选择的干涉对一般会出现一景影像和其他几景影像干涉的现象,导致构建的线性形变模型病态。在这种情况下,最小二乘法求解SBAS线性形变模型已不太适合。针对这一问题,本文结合Liu估计的有偏迭代法在求解病态线性模型时能够克服病态性对结果的影响,提出将此方法应用到求解SBAS线性形变模型中。以覆盖济宁地区的13景ENVISAT ASAR数据展开了SBAS技术在城市地面沉降监测中的应用实验,分别利用LS法、基于Liu估计的有偏迭代法解算形变模型。结果表明,基于Liu估计的有偏迭代法获得研究区的年平均沉降速率标准差比LS法获得的低1.4,且其求解的结果相较于LS法获得的结果更准确、稳定。     

一种融合光谱匹配和张量分析的高分辨率遥感影像目标探测器

提出了一种基于光谱分析理论和张量代数理论的高分辨率遥感影像目标探测器。首先在向量空间中对目标光谱进行特征匹配;然后对光谱特征与目标相似的像素进行空间\\|光谱特征一体化张量描述,进而在张量特征空间中对目标和背景进行分类。实验表明,张量学习机能够有效地对高分辨率影像进行目标识别。加入光谱特征匹配后的目标探测器能够极大地降低目标探测时间,同时进一步提高目标探测精度。     

Gauss-Markov模型参数的部分根方估计

在分析根方估计，Stein均压缩估计，Sclove部分压缩估计各自特点的基础上，提出了一种新的有偏估计－部分根方估计，并讨论了它的优良性质。计算结果表明，在设计阵呈病态时，部分根方估计确能改善LS估计。     

瞬时属性估计器在探地雷达数据处理中的应用

为了提高浅层埋藏目标识别的瞬时物理属性的精度,根据极平坦频率特性有限脉冲相应滤波器的思想,首次提出用它作为微分器和延时器组成解析信号瞬时属性估计器（FIFM）,对探地雷达信号的瞬时属性进行提取。结果表明,瞬时属性剖面的分辨率得到了明显的提高;采用瞬时属性估计器进行探地雷达信号瞬时参数的研究是一种非常有效的方法,可用于公路、桥梁、隧道等结构物的无损检测数据分析。     

Spatial and temporal study of nitrate concentration in groundwater by means of coregionalization

 Spatial and temporal behavior of hydrochemical parameters in groundwater can be studied using tools provided by geostatistics. The cross-variogram can be used to measure the spatial increments between observations at two given times as a function of distance (spatial structure). Taking into account the existence of such a spatial structure, two different data sets (sampled at two different times), representing concentrations of the same hydrochemical parameter, can be analyzed by cokriging in order to reduce the uncertainty of the estimation. In particular, if one of the two data sets is a subset of the other (that is, an undersampled set), cokriging allows us to study the spatial distribution of the hydrochemical parameter at that time, while also considering the statistical characteristics of the full data set established at a different time. This paper presents an application of cokriging by using temporal subsets to study the spatial distribution of nitrate concentration in the aquifer of the Lucca Plain, central Italy. Three data sets of nitrate concentration in groundwater were collected during three different periods in 1991. The first set was from 47 wells, but the second and the third are undersampled and represent 28 and 27 wells, respectively. Comparing the result of cokriging with ordinary kriging showed an improvement of the uncertainty in terms of reducing the estimation variance. The application of cokriging to the undersampled data sets reduced the uncertainty in estimating nitrate concentration and at the same time decreased the cost of the field sampling and laboratory analysis. Received: 23 July 1997 · Accepted: 31 March 1998     

重复中位数估计Robust算法在长周期大地电磁中的应用

将基于重复中位数估计的Robust算法应用于长周期大地电磁阻抗张量估算中。与传统Robust估计(M估计)相比,重复中位数估计求解过程不需要重设参量,并且提高了算法对时间域原始资料中噪声干扰的容限,使算法的理论崩溃值从30%提高到50%,也能得到准确的估算结果。龙门山地区实测资料的处理结果表明,基于重复中位数估计的Robust算法应用于阻抗张量的求解具有较强的优越性。     

First results of the Central-East-South European Binary Star Study Group (CESEB)

Several eclipsing binary systems have been selected for combined spectral and photometric observations using the Bulgarian NAO 2 m telescope and several smaller telescopes located at various places in the CESE region. Preliminary results, based on a pilot study started in 2001, about radial velocity and light curve variations of the active W UMa system LS Del are presented here.     

Correlated V/R and infrared photometric variations in the Be/X-ray binary LS I +61° 235/RX J0146.9+6121

We report on the long-term variability of the Be/X-ray binary LS I +61° 235/RX J0146.9+6121. New optical spectroscopic and infrared photometric observations confirm the presence of global one-armed oscillations in the circumstellar disc of the Be star, and allow us to derive a V R band quasi-period of 1240±30 d. Pronounced shell events, reminiscent of the spectacular variations in Be stars, are also seen. We have found that the J , H and K infrared photometric bands vary in correlation with the spectroscopic V R variations, implying that the one-armed disc oscillations are prograde. The effect of the oscillations is not only seen in the H α line but is also seen in the He  i λ 6678 and Paschen lines. As these lines are formed at different radii in the equatorial disc of the Be star, such effects confirm the global nature of the perturbation. The Keplerian disc has been found to be denser than the average for a sample of isolated Be stars, which may be indicative of some kind of interaction with the compact companion. Finally, from a Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observation we derive a spin period of the neutron star of 1404.5±0.5 s.