沁水盆地石炭-二叠纪含煤岩系高分辨率层序地层及聚煤模适

晋东南沁水盆地的煤层气储层主要是石炭-二叠系煤层,其厚度变化明显受控于当时的沉积环境及层序地层格架.本文对该盆地含煤岩系的太原组和山西组进行了高分辨率层序地层分析,并探讨了主采煤层15号和3号煤层在层序地层格架下的分布模式.以区域性分布的与下切谷砂岩共生的间断面、不整合面、海侵方向转换面、下切谷砂岩底面、由深变浅-再由浅变深的沉积相转换面以及共生的古土壤层为界,将含煤岩系划分为3个三级复合层序和9个四级层序.15号厚煤层和3号厚煤层位于三级海侵(泛)面附近,前者形成于障壁一渴湖及滨外陆棚沉积环境,较低的泥岩堆积速率与较慢的可容空间增长速率相平衡;后者形成于三角洲平原分流间湾环境,较高的泥炭堆积速率与较高的可容空间的增长速率相平衡.太原组的以"根土岩-煤层-海相石灰岩"旋回为代表的四级层序中的煤层可能形成于"海相灰岩层滞后时段",即从海平面抬升到陆棚之上到碳酸盐岩真正沉积下来之前的时段,因为缓慢的海平面抬升速率与泥炭堆积速率保持较长时间的平衡,从而聚集了厚层的泥炭/煤层.     

天津市地震灾害应急处置要点研究

随着城镇化水平提高,天津市地震灾害风险不断增加,震后科学有效的应急处置愈发重要。针对目前预案可操作性差的问题,通过分析震后应急处置行为与影响因素的关系,依据自然环境、社会经济等将天津市划分为4个区域:城市区、工业区、村镇区和山地区,因地制宜地提出可操作性较强的地震应急处置要点,达到提升天津市地震应急处置能力的目的。     

农田灌溉开采地下水问题的探讨

大同市以往的农田灌溉，多以地表水灌溉为主。随着工农业的发展，地表水严重不足，开采地下水进行井灌就显得更加重要。本文对农田灌溉开采地下水的问题进行了探讨。     

THE INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY OF LABOR: NORTH AFRICAN MIGRANT WORKERS IN FRANCE*

Since World War II, migrant labor has contributed significantly to Western Europe's economic growth. Initially, industries recruited and hired migrant workers to overcome labor shortages and downward demographic trends within the domestic work force. Since the recession of the mid-1970s, however, migrant labor has faced increasing job loss and restricted entry to many Western European countries. Throughout the postwar period, state immigration policy has supported industry, initially by assisting in the recruitment, and more recently, facilitating the repatriation of migrant workers. Economic and social disparities between developed core and underdeveloped peripheral countries are linked to international labor mobility. Certain sectors in the core benefit from the reserve labor force while emigration from peripheral countries partially contributes to these countries' economic problems. These issues are explored through a case study of the employment of North Africans in the French automobile industry.     

地质灾害防治工程的理论与技术

本文全面阐述了地质灾害的概念 ,地质灾害勘查的目的任务、特点、勘探方法和理论分析要点 ,地质灾害监测的内容与作用 ,地质灾害防治的理论体系与工程技术类型 ,最后讨论了减轻地质灾害的公共政策。     

提高基础地理信息服务水平的探索与思考

文章阐述了基础地理信息服务基本特征及趋势,并结合笔者在生产实际中积累的基础地理信息经验和总结的服务中存在的不足。在以后的地理信息生产管理工作中,提出了从提升服务能力、拓展服务领域、深化服务力度、注重服务细节等几方面来提高基础地理信息服务水平的见解。     

济阳坳陷深层构造及其对中新生代盆地发育的控制作用

以3D地震资料和钻井资料的解释为基础,通过对济阳坳陷深层进行构造 地层分析和构造解析,系统阐明了中、新生代各期构造运动在研究区的地质表现,确定出收缩构造系统、伸展构造系统和走滑构造系统等多期构造样式;提出印支期逆冲断层系由多条显著向NE或NNE向凸出的弧形展布断裂系组成;识别出代表燕山主期构造运动的不整合界面(Tgm),确定了J3-K1时期断陷盆地的分布格局;认为印支期逆冲断裂系统是控制本区晚中生代和新生代早期盆地发育的重要的控制性先存基底构造。在区域动力学分析的基础上探讨了该盆地复杂的叠合结构和山脉 盆地的转换过程及机制。从盆地研究的角度,揭示了华北东部中、新生代陆内动力学过程,对于研究区油气勘探实践具有重要意义。     

地学信息共享与知识发现

地学信息共享是地学研究的重要内容 ,也是地学 (数字地球 )发展的趋势之一。促使或完成地学信息共享的核心技术主要为技术标准化规范、空间数据库、互操作 (元数据 )以及传输信道技术等。知识发现是建立在共享的地学信息基础之上 ,能有效地实现知识的增值以及知识的再生。知识发现与信息共享二者共同促进 ,相互发展。     

沿天山高速公路冰雪灾害分析及其对交通安全的影响

本文利用2002年12月-2006年12月沿天山高速公路因恶劣天气导致交通管制统计记录,结合相应时间段高速公路沿线气象资料,对比分析了高速公路冰雪灾害对交通安全的影响,结果表明：高速公路冰雪灾害的危害程度依次是道路结冰、风吹雪、强降雪,路面结冰主要影响路段在吐乌大高速公路、乌奎高速公路和乌鲁木齐机场高速公路,风吹雪集中出现在达坂城到乌鲁木齐一线,除了吐乌大高速达坂城到吐鲁番段没有因强降雪影响交通的记录外,沿天山其它各段均有发生;归纳了高速公路冰雪灾害气象要素预报指标,建立了预报模型,制定出了冰雪灾害的气象指数等级、安全行车预防措施,为交通运输气象服务提供具体可操作的预报产品。     

Transaction costs analysis of low-carbon technologies

Transaction costs (TCs) must be taken into account when assessing the performance of policy instruments that create markets for the diffusion and commercialization of low-carbon technologies (LCTs). However, there are no comprehensive studies on the development and application of transaction cost analysis to LCTs. In this meta-analysis, a wide-ranging evaluation of TCs associated with energy efficiency, renewable energy, and carbon market technologies is provided. There is a plethora of different definitions of, and measurement techniques to estimate, TCs. There is wide variation in the quantitative estimates, which can be attributed to factors such as the definition used, data collection, quantification methods, the type and size of technologies, the regulatory frameworks, the complexity of transactions, and the maturity of policy instruments. It is concluded that TCs are highly specific to both LCTs and policy instruments and that a common methodological approach is needed to avoid misleading policy analysis of the extant and future assessments.

Policy relevance

Transaction costs (TCs) accrued by, for instance, the search for information, due diligence, monitoring and verification (M&V) activities, must be considered in the design, implementation, and assessment of policy instruments. Such costs can have a negative effect on the performance of policy instruments aimed at the diffusion and commercialization of low-carbon technologies. It is shown here that TC analysis is mostly technology and policy context-specific and hence that it is not advisable to make generalizations about sources and estimates. The nature and scale of TCs are likely to differ due to a variety of endogenous determinants (e.g. size and performance of technologies), exogenous drivers (e.g. regulatory policy frameworks), and methodological aspects (e.g. quantification techniques). Several measures and strategies have the potential to reduce TCs, including standardized full cost accounting systems, an ex ante M&V approach, project bundling, and streamlining of procedures.